Galatis family

Galatis (or Galati)
Γαλάτης
Greek noble family
Current regionExtant in Ithaca, elsewhere in Greece (Athens, Thessaloniki), Romania, and in the Greek diaspora
Place of originIonian Islands (possibly originally from Apulia)
MembersNikolaos Galatis
Giannis Galatis [el]
DistinctionsNoble privileges granted by the Tocco family, later recognised by the Venetians

The Galatis family or Galati (Greek: Γαλάτης; Venetian Italian: Galati) is an old noble family from the island of Ithaca, Greece, who came to prominence as local nobles first under the rule of the Tocco family in the 14th and 15th centuries.[1][2] The family is later listed in both the 1803 and 1804 catalogues of nobles on the island.[3] Among the members of the family are the pre-revolutionary figure Nikolaos Galatis (1792-1819) and the Athenian fashion designer Giannis Galatis [el].

Early history and origins

It is speculated that the family may have earlier come from Italy, perhaps from Apulia, where a family with the same name has existed for centuries.[2][4]

Arms of the Palagano family, 15th century relations of the Galati

The first noble privileges are obtained in connection to service for the Tocco family who ruled Cephalonia, Ithaca and Zakynthos. In 1403, Leonardo II Tocco confirmed and recognised noble privileges on the island of Zakynthos belonging to Francilo (or Franculo) Pelegano which had earlier been granted by Leonardo I to his parents, Nikolaos Palagano and Eudokia (daughter of Nikolaos Galatis).[1][5] Upon the island of Ithaca itself, Leonardo Tocco (I or II) granted certain rights and privileges together with property to the Galati on the island, and named Kaisar (Caesar) Galatis among the nobles of the state.[1]

Venetian period

After a short occupation by the Ottomans, the Venetians took control of the island in 1503. The island of Ithaca was repopulated in order to promote agriculture on the island,[6][7] but the Galati were found already to be resettling the island of their own accord, independent of the official re-settlement by the authorities.[8] It is possible that they had left the island at the end of the 15th century when the region was captured by the Ottomans.[8] On returning, they made a claim to the island as belonging to their own property.[8][9] With them they brought livestock and seeds in order to establish agricultural activity on the island.[9]

Over time, the economy of the island evolved, but it is known that the Galati maintained privileges and land interests on the island, since their earlier noble privileges under the Tocco were again recognised by the Venetians. In 1558 the then Provveditor of Cephalonia, Zuan Dolfin confirmed the noble status of the Galatis family under Venetian rule, and this was restated by twenty of his successors:[10][1][6][11]

'la famiglia Galati al tempo del signor Lunardo De Tochis erano tornati, et trattati per persone civili et non erano sottoposti a niuna gravezza.' [the Galatis family returned in the time of the lord Leonardo Tocco, and they were treated as civili (i.e. the class of citizens) and they were not subjected to any burdens.][1]

Post-Venetian period

Some essence of the noble status of the family was maintained for centuries despite the changing economic environment, since the family is found in both the 1803 and 1804 Libri d’Oro, two late registers of nobility on the island.[3][12]

Plaque in Anogi, Ithaca, commemorating the revolutionary figure Nikolaos Galatis (1792-1819)

The Galati were the only holders of noble privileges on the island of Ithaca under the Tocco and later under the Venetians.[13][6][11] The family was originally based in the old village of Anogi (or Anoghi), near Mount Neriton, and continued to exist there into the 20th century.[14][15][16][17][18] A branch was later established at the nearby village of Kioni.

Connections to other families

The Ithacan family Galati are not believed to have any connection to the Chian Galatis family, who came to prominence much later with certain financial interests in European banking and shipping.[19] Despite this, these two distinct families are often confused, with some erroneously attributing the Ithacan Nikolaos Galatis (1792-1819) to the Chian family.[20]

The revolutionary Nikolaos Galatis (1792-1819) claimed to be a cousin of Count Ioannis Capodistria but this was denied by the latter and the precise connection was not made out.[2]

Notable members

  • Franculo (Galati) Palagano (early 15th century), castellan of the fort of St Stephen, Zakynthos[1]
  • Caesar Galatis (15th century), early member of the family on Ithaca granted with noble privileges by the Tocco family[1]
  • Anastasios Galatis (18th century), notary of Argostoli 1728-1757[21]
  • Nikolaos Galatis (1792-1819) pre-revolutionary figure and member of the Filiki Eteria
  • Eustathios Galatis, archimandrite, member of the Filiki Eteria, brother of the pre-revolutionary Nikolaos[22]
  • Dionysios S. Galatis (d. 1893), mayor of Larisa[23]
  • Dionysios Galatis (b. 1891), trader in China and consul of Greece in Tianjin, China (1930s)[24]
  • Platon Galatis (1919-1993), musician from Thessaloniki[25]
  • Giannis Galatis [el] (1946-), fashion designer from Athens

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Chiotes, Panagiotes (1858). Historika amomneumoneumata tes nesou Zakynthou. Vol. 2. p. 228.
  2. ^ a b c Moraitinis-Patriarcheas, Eleutherios. (2002). Nikolaos Galatis ho Filikos. Kedros. pp. 25–9. ISBN 960-04-2189-7. OCLC 1085554299.
  3. ^ a b Griba, Elenē G. Moschopoulos, Geōrgios N. (1997). To "Libro d'oro" tēs Ithakēs, 1803. Etaireia Kefallēniakōn Istorikōn Ereunōn. OCLC 71524257.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Rohlfs, Gerhard (1964). "Toponomastica greca nel Salento" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-01. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  5. ^ Hopf, Karl (1977) [1868]. Geschichte Griechenlands vom Beginn des Mittelalters bis auf unsere Zeit. Vol. 2. Burt Franklin. p. 105. OCLC 889255169.
  6. ^ a b c Pratt, Michael. (1978). Britain's Greek empire : reflections on the history of the Ionian Islands from the fall of Byzantium. Rex Collings. p. 18. ISBN 0-86036-025-3. OCLC 740946882.
  7. ^ Callinicos, P.G. "Ο πληθυσμός της Ιθάκης το 16ο αιώνα". Επτανησιακά.
  8. ^ a b c Zapanti, Stamatoula (1998). "Η Ιθάκη στα πρώτα χρόνια τησ Βενετοκρατίας (1500-1571)". Κεφαλληνιακά Χρονικά. 7: 129–133.
  9. ^ a b Sanuto, Marino (1881). Stefani, Federico (ed.). I Diarii di Marino Sanuto. Vol. 5. Venezia. pp. column 883.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  10. ^ Preußische Akademie der Wissenschaften (Berlin) (1865). Monatsbericht der Königlich-Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. Aus dem Jahre 1864. p. 229. OCLC 183318751.
  11. ^ a b Miller, William, M. A. (1908). The Latins in the Levant, a history of Frankish Greece (1204-1566), by William Miller, ... J. Murray. pp. 556–7. OCLC 457893659.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ Μοσχόπουλος, Γεώργιος Ν. (1998). "Το Libro d'Oro στην Επτάνησο". Άνθη χάριτων. 18: 395–409.
  13. ^ Ersch, Johann Samuel Gruber, Johann Gottfried (1868). Allgemeine Enzyklopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste. Akad. Dr.- und Verl.-Anst. pp. 160 (entry by Carl Hopf).{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ Angelopoulou, VE; Gerontis, SA (2014). Priests' books of baptisms, marriages and funerals in Ithaca Volume I Church of the Assumption of the Holy Virgin Mary in Anoghi. 1749-1922.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  15. ^ Εκκλησία της Ελλάδος. Ιερός Ναός Υπεραγίας Θεοτόκου Κοιμήσεως (Ανωγή, Ιθάκης, Κεφαλληνίας) (1981). Εκκλησιαστικά αρχεία. Φωτογραφήθηκε από την Γενεαλογική Εταιρεία της Γιούτα. OCLC 866005636.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  16. ^ Paxinos, George (2012). Passage to Ithaca: history, surnames, identity. George Paxinos. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-646-59224-4. OCLC 837967409.
  17. ^ Callinicos, P.G. (1991). Επτανησιακά (κατα το πλείστο Ιθακησιακά) Σύμμεικτα. Δόμος. ISBN 960-7217-40-3.
  18. ^ Kolaitis, Gerassimos C. (1988). To chroniko tēs Ithakēs : thalassa kai xenētia istoria kai paradoseis triōn aiōnōn. Ekdoseis Nautikou Mouseiou tēs Hellados. p. 186. OCLC 60886687.
  19. ^ Zolōtas, Geōrgios Iōannou, 1845-1906. (1921–1928). Historia tēs Chiou. Vol. 3. Typois P.D. Sakellariou. p. 724. OCLC 219783116.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  20. ^ Sturdza, Mihail Dimitri. (1983). Grandes familles de Grèce, d'Albanie et de Constantinople. M.D. Sturdza. p. 297. OCLC 32433951.
  21. ^ Γαρμπής, Διονύσιος Γ (2018). "Στοιχεία για την κοινωνία του Αργοστολίου κατά τα έτη 1728-1757 στις πράξεις του νοταρίου Αναστάσιου Γαλάτη". Ι΄ Διεθνές Πανιόνιο Συνέδριο, Τα πρακτικά. (6): 87–104.
  22. ^ Moraitin-Patriarcheas, Eleutherios (2002). Nikolaos Galatis member of the friendly company. Kedros. pp. 25–9. ISBN 960-04-2189-7. OCLC 1085554299.
  23. ^ "Διονύσιος Σ. Γαλάτης". www.eleftheria.gr (in Greek). Retrieved 2020-09-27.
  24. ^ Tamis, A. M. (2011). Greeks in the far Orient. Vanias. ISBN 978-960-288-291-7. OCLC 776945585.
  25. ^ "ΠΛΑΤΩΝ ΓΑΛΑΤΗΣ (1919-1993) Μικρό αφιέρωμα στη μνήμη ενός αφανούς ήρωα της κλασικής κιθάρας. (του Στάθη Γαλάτη)[κιθαριστικά πορτραίτα] - TAR - Διαδικτυακό Περιοδικό με αφορμή την Κιθάρα". www.tar.gr. Retrieved 2020-09-13.