Gabriel Bertrand

Gabriel Bertrand
Born(1867-05-17)17 May 1867
Paris
Died20 June 1962(1962-06-20) (aged 95)
Paris
NationalityFrench
Known forconcepts of oxidase and trace elements
Bertrand's rule
Scientific career
InstitutionsInstitut Pasteur
Doctoral advisorÉmile Duclaux
Other academic advisorsEdmond Frémy

Gabriel Bertrand (born 17 May 1867 in Paris, died 20 June 1962 in Paris) was a French pharmacologist, biochemist and bacteriologist.

Bertrand introduced into biochemistry both the term “oxidase” and the concept of trace elements.

The laccase, a polyphenol oxidase and an enzyme oxidating urishiol and laccol obtained from the lacquer tree, was first studied by Gabriel Bertrand[1] in 1894.[2]

Bertrand's rule refers to the fact that the dose–response curve for many micronutrients is non-monotonic, having an initial stage of increasing benefits with increased intake, followed by increasing costs as excesses become toxic.[3] In 2005, Raubenheimer et al. fed excess carbohydrates to Spodoptera littoralis and extended Bertrand's rule to macronutrients.[4]

In 1894, with Césaire Phisalix, he developed an antivenom for use against snake bites.[5]

Bertrand was made a member of the Académie Nationale de Médecine in 1931. In 1932 he became foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.[6]

References

  1. ^ Gabriel Bertrand on isimabomba.free.fr (French)
  2. ^ Science and civilisation in China: Chemistry and chemical ..., Volume 5, Part 4 By Joseph Needham, Ping-Yü Ho, Gwei-Djen Lu and Nathan Sivin, p. 209
  3. ^ Does Bertrand's rule apply to macronutrients? D Raubenheimer, K.P Lee and S.J Simpson, Proc Biol Sci. 22 November 2005; 272(1579): 2429–2434, doi:10.1098/rspb.2005.3271
  4. ^ Raubenheimer, D; Lee, KP; Simpson, SJ (22 November 2005). "Does Bertrand's rule apply to macronutrients?". Proc Biol Sci. 272 (1579): 2429–34. doi:10.1098/rspb.2005.3271. PMC 1559972. PMID 16243690.
  5. ^ Le Musee Pasteur Archived 2013-10-19 at the Wayback Machine Césaire et Marie PHISALIX, deux chercheurs comtois
  6. ^ "G. Bertrand (1867 - 1962)". Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 20 July 2015.


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