Born in Peel County, Ontario, the son of James Hughes and Winnifred Mullarkey, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Queen's University in 1907 and studied at Osgoode Hall Law School. In 1911, he was called to the Bar of Ontario. He practised law, specialising in defending insurance companies in running down cases, until he was appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada on March 17, 1933. He resigned on February 13, 1935.
After his resignation from the bench, Hughes returned to legal practice. He died in Toronto in 1967, aged 83.