Martes was signed by the Miami Marlins as an international free agent in November 2012. He made his professional debut in 2013 with the Dominican Summer League Marlins, logging a 3–3 record and 3.04 ERA in 12 appearances. He began the 2014 season with the GCL Marlins, posting a 2–2 record and 5.18 ERA in 8 games.
The Astros promoted Martes to the MLB for the first time on June 8, 2017.[9] He made his MLB debut the next day. In 32 appearances (4 starts) of 2017, Martes had a 5–2 record and a 5.80 ERA. He returned to Fresno in 2018. On August 15, 2018, Martes underwent Tommy John surgery.[10] On March 12, 2019, Martes was suspended for 80 games for using clomiphene in a violation of the MLB Joint Drug Prevention & Treatment program.[11] On February 17, 2020, Martes was suspended for 162 games for another violation of the MLB Joint Drug Prevention & Treatment program, this time for using boldenone.[12]
On June 19, 2021, Martes was activated off of the restricted list and optioned to the Triple-A Sugar Land Skeeters.[13] After struggling to an 0–3 record and 10.80 ERA in 7 appearances with Sugar Land, Martes was designated for assignment by Houston on June 30.[14] He was outrighted to Sugar Land on July 4.[15] He was released on August 17, 2021.
Mexican League
On April 18, 2022, Martes signed with the Diablos Rojos del México of the Mexican League.[16] In 10 starts, he went 3–1 with a 6.33 ERA and 57 strikeouts in 42+2⁄3 innings. Martes was waived on June 29, 2022. On June 30, 2022, Martes was claimed off waivers by the Guerreros de Oaxaca.[17] In 6 starts, he posted a 2–1 record with a 7.45 ERA and 32 strikeouts in 29 innings. On December 29, 2022, Martes was traded to the Toros de Tijuana in exchange for Fernando Rodney.[18] On April 18, 2023, his rights were traded to the Bravos de León.[19] In 2 starts, he registered a 0–2 record with a 10.24 ERA over 9+2⁄3 innings. Martes was released on April 29, 2023.[20]