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Fran Roš
Fran Roš
Born	14 January 1898; Kranj, Duchy of Carniola, Austria-Hungary (now in Slovenia)
Died	22 August 1976 (aged 78); Celje, Yugoslavia (now Slovenia)
Occupation	Writer, poet, playwright

Fran Roš (pronounced [ˈfɾaːn ˈɾoːʃ], 14 January 1898 – 22 August 1976) was a Slovene writer, poet, and playwright.

Life

Fran Roš was born in Kranj.^[1] In 1902, when he was three years old, his family moved to Celje.^[1] He attended the local boys' school, where he was on the honor roll. He then enrolled in the lower secondary school and continued his education at the German-language upper secondary school. After the First World War he joined militants that sought to include parts of Carinthia in the newly formed Kingdom of Yugoslavia.^[1] He then studied law in Zagreb, but was more attracted by teaching schoolchildren. He served as a schoolteacher in Prebold from 1919 to 1925^[1] and then in Celje from 1925 to 1941.^[1] During the Second World War he and his family were exiled to Serbia^[2] by the German authorities because of his political views. He returned to Celje after four years in exile. He became a school principal during the first academic year after the war, and then taught at a high school and teacher training school. He retired at age 55 and then further developed as a poet. During his retirement he was invited to schools to read his poetry and prose.

Roš received a number of Yugoslav awards for his work, including the Order of Labor (Third Class), Order of Service to the Nation with Silver Rays, and Order of Brotherhood and Unity with a Silver Wreath. He was also honored by Celje by being named an honorary citizen of the town.

Work

Roš started writing poetry while still a schoolchild and published his poems in the student newsletter Savinja. His poetry had an anti-Austrian character, and so during the First World War he was persecuted by the Austrian educational and military authorities. While teaching in Prebold he became familiar with conditions in industrial centers, and he published a number of works in the left-oriented magazines Svoboda and Domači prijatelj. During his exile in Serbia he wrote Pesmi iz ječe in pregnanstva (Poems of Prison and Exile), which he published soon after returning to Celje. Another noteworthy work was his book Slovenski izseljenci v Srbiji 1941–1945 (Slovene Emigrants in Serbia 1941–1945), in which he described the memories and testimonies of those that were exiled.

Roš also wrote a considerable body of narrative work expressing goodness, nobility, ethnic consciousness, and connections to justice. Zvesta četa (The Faithful Company, 1933) is an autobiographical description of his generation. He also published many novellas, sketches, and serial stories in various periodicals based on his memories from his childhood and early years. Some of these also appeared in his book Korporal Huš in druge zgodbe (Corporal Huš and Other Stories). Roš also contributed journalism about Rudolf Maister, Franjo Malgaj, Srečko Puncer, the Šlander family, and the 1938 and 1939 Celje culture weeks to Celjski zbornik, and about the rebel Boštjan Natek and the composer Risto Savin to Savinjski zbornik.

Roš wrote most of his children's poetry while his children were young and while engaged with schoolchildren and later his own grandchildren. He published his poetry and sketches for children in the magazines Zvonček, Vrtec, and Naš rod during the interwar period, and after the war in the Trieste magazine Galeb and in Kurirček. In addition to the stories that he published in children's magazines, he also published the books Medvedek Rjavček (The Little Brown Bear, 1929, 1931), Juretovo potovanje (George's Trip, 1939), Letalec Nejček (Bart the Pilot, 1972), and Vid Nikdarsit (Vitus Neverfull, 1976).

He also wrote two plays for children, which were staged in Celje: Ušesa carja Kozmijana (Tsar Cosmian's Ears, 1948) and Desetnica Alenčica (Magda the Tenth-Born, 1951). For adults, he wrote the comedy Mokrodolci (The People of Mokri Dol), staged in 1946. He also collaborated with the composer Risto Savin, for whom he wrote librettos for the operas Gosposvetski sen (Maria Saal Dream, 1921) and Matija Gubec (1923).

Bibliography

Poetry

Gosposvetski sen, 1923
Pesmi iz ječe in pregnanstva, 1947
Ljubil sem te, življenje, 1990
Čarovnije, 1992

Adult prose

Zvesta četa, 1933
Korporal Huš in druge zgodbe, 1971
Srečko Puncer njegovo življenje, delo in boj, 1972
Halo, halo! Tukaj Mokri dol!, 1991
Ne bodo nas!, Osnovna šola Fran Roš, Celje, 1991

Children's prose

Medvedek Rjavček, 1929
Juretovo potovanje in še kaj, 1930
Dija, 1939
Medvedek Dija, 1962
Letalec Nejček, 1972
Vid Nikdarsit, 1976
Tinca brez mezinca, 1977
Žaba na golem vrhu, 1990

Plays

Mokrodolci, 1946
Desetnica Alenčica, 1951
Car Trojan ima kozja ušesa, 1990
Čarobna piščalka, 195?

Historical documentaries

Resevna 1941-1961, 1961
Slovenski izgnanci v Srbiji 1941–1945, 1967

Selected bibliography

Medvedek rjavček: povesti za mladino, 1929
Mokrodolci: komedija v treh dejanjih, 1946
Pesmi iz ječe in pregnanstva (poezije), 1947
Desetnica Alenčica: igra za otroke v treh dejanjih, 1951
Medvedek dija (pravljice), 1962
Korporal Huš in druge zgodbe (kratka proza), 1971
Letalec Nječek (pravljice), 1972
Tinca brez mezinca (kratka proza), 1977
Car Trojan ima kozja ušesa: radijska igra: po srbski narodni pripovedki, 1990
Žaba na golem vrhu : zbirka otroške proze (kratka proza), 1990
Halo, halo! Tukaj Mokri dol! humoreske, satire in še kaj, 1991
Ne bodo nas! zbirka proze iz narodnoosvobodilne vojne, 1991
Čarovnije (pojezija), 1992
Čarobna piščalka: (pravljica v treh dejanjih), 195?

Prizes and awards

In 1960 Roš received the Šlander Award (a municipal prize), and two years before his death he received the Žagar Award as recognition of his work in education.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Roš Fran." 1960. Slovenski biografski leksikon, vol. 9: Raab–Schmid. Ljubljana: Slovenska akademija znanosti in umetnosti.
^ Stanko Janež (1971). Živan Milisavac (ed.). Jugoslovenski književni leksikon [Yugoslav Literary Lexicon] (in Serbo-Croatian). Novi Sad (SAP Vojvodina, SR Serbia): Matica srpska. p. 464.