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Four Dirges

Four Dirges
by Béla Bartók
Béla Bartók in 1903
Native name4 siratóének
FormDirges
Composed1909–1910
Performed1917: Budapest
Published1912: Budapest
Movements4
ScoringSolo piano

Four Dirges, Op. 9a, Sz. 45, BB 58 (Hungarian: 4 siratóének) is a short collection of dirges by Hungarian composer Béla Bartók.

Composition

Béla Bartók had been researching folk songs for quite some time before the first realization of this composition in 1909. Since 1905, Bartók had been travelling around Eastern Europe, especially around Hungary and Romania, collecting folk songs and tunes which would later become some of the basis of a significant part of his production as a composer. It was especially in 1908 that Bartók started to become increasingly interested in the tonal aspect of his works, which started to show a distinctive flavor to that of other contemporary composers.[1][2] Bartók composed these four short pieces for solo piano between 1909 and 1910. The set was never formally premiered and was initially published in 1912 by Rózsavölgyi & Társa in Budapest. It was only partially first performed in Budapest in 1917 by fellow pianist Ernő Dohnányi.[3]

Structure

The set consists of four short compositions for piano with varying tempo markings. However, all of the pieces in the set are characterised for being slow and pesante. The whole set takes around 8 minutes to perform:

  1. Adagio
  2. Andante
  3. Poco lento
  4. Assai andante

The texture of all four dirges is consistently simple and centered around octatonicism and pentatonic structures. The melodies are constructed on lydian and phrygian modes and are constantly accompanied by triads and open fifths.[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Carpenter, Alexander. "Dirges (4) (Négy siratóének),… | Details | AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  2. ^ Terrell, John W. (August 1980). "Béla Bartók's "Four Dirges" for Piano, Op. 9a: A Complete Analysis". University of North Texas. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  3. ^ Anderson, Keith. "BARTÓK, B.: 3 Hungarian Folksongs from the Csik District / 4 Dirges / Mikrokosmos, Vol. 6 (L. Kértesz)". www.naxos.com. Retrieved 16 December 2017.

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