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Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship
Use	Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship
Adopted	6 August 2002
Design	Red flag with a white boundary on its top, bottom, and right sides, and with the head of a white (silver) eagle, with yellow (golden) beak, and an eye, wearing a yellow (golden) crown, located on its left side

The flag of the Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship, is red with a white boundary on its top, bottom, and right sides, and with the head of a white (silver) eagle, with yellow (golden) beak, and an eye, wearing a yellow (golden) crown, located on its left side. It was adopted in 2002.

Design

The flag of the Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship is a red rectangular piece of material, that ends into the shape of a triangle on the right side of the flag. Its aspect ratio of height to width, of the right and top sides, equals 1:2. The bottom left corner of the flag, located at the half of the length of the top side of the flag, curves under the shape of the 1/8 of the circle, which height equals the height of the flag. The top, bottom, and right boundaries of the flag are made of the white line which height equals 1/10 of the height of the flag. The left side of the flag features the head of a white (silver) eagle, with yellow (golden) beak, and an eye, wearing a yellow (golden) crown.^[1]^[2]

History

Flag of Masuria

The flag of Masuria was divided horizontally into three equally-sized stripes, blue, white, and red. It was created in 1829, as the banner of the Corps Masovia Königsberg, a German Student Corps, at the University of Königsberg, in Königsberg, East Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia), that functioned as the student association of students from the historical region of Masuria. The design was inspired by the colour of the French Revolution, and the colours stood for freedom, equality, and fraternity.^[3]^[4]

In the following decades the flag begun gaining popularity among Masurian people, since 1850s being hang during various events and holidays, eventually gaining huge popularity around 1875. The flag remained in general use until 1945, when in the aftermath of World War II, the expulsion of the German population from the region, then annexed into Poland. Following that the flag had fallen into obscurity. Nowadays, some organizations are attempting the revival of the flag usage in the Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship, Poland.^[4]

Flag of East Prussia

Prior to the establishment of the modern Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship, from 18th to 20th century, the region was administrated as part of East Prussia, a province of Prussia. On 22 October 1882, the province established its flag, which was divided into two equally-sized horizontal stripes, that were, black and white. The aspect ratio of the flag's height to its wight was equal 2:3.^[5]^[6] The flag was used until 1935, when Nazi Germany forbid its provinces from using its flags, ordering them to replace them with the national flag.^[7]

Flag of the Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship

The modern Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship had been established in 1999.^[8] Its flag had been adopted by the Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship on 6 August 2002.^[1] The flag, as well as the voivodeship coat of arms, were designed by Paweł Dudziński. Their design had been criticized by the Heraldic Commission of Poland, and was not approved by the Minister of Culture and National Heritage of Poland.^[9]

References

^ ^a ^b Uchwała Nr XXXIX/561/02 Sejmiku Województwa Warmińsko-Mazurskiego z dnia 6 sierpnia 2002 r. w sprawie ustanowienia herbu, flagi, pieczęci oraz odznaki radnego Województwa Warmińsko-Mazurskiego. Olsztyn: Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship Sejmik. 6 August 2002
^ "Znaki i symbole regionu". warmia.mazury.pl (in Polish).
^ E. Loch: Zur Hundertjahrfeier der Masovia. In: Deutsche Corpszeitung, 47. Jg., Nr. 3 (June 1930), p. 77–79.
^ ^a ^b "Flaga". pomazursku.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2022-05-02.
^ Ottfried Neubecker: Die neuen Wappen der preussischen Provinzen, in: Der Deutsche Herold. Zeitschrift für Wappen-, Siegel- und Familienkunde, 60. Jahrgang, Selbstverlag des Vereins "Herold", Berlin, 1929
^ Whitney Smith:, Gwenn ha Du; in: Ar Banniel, 1999. Kevarzhe Vannielouriezh Vreizh.
^ Hellmuth Hecker; Günter Hoog: Deutsche Flaggen: Sammlung von Vorschriften zum Flaggenrecht Deutschlands und der deutschen Küstenländer, Hamburg: Instituts für Internationale Angelegenheiten der Universität Hamburg, 1978. ISBN 3-7875-2132-1. ISBN 978-3-7875-2132-6.
^ Ustawa z dnia 24 lipca 1998 r. o wprowadzeniu zasadniczego trójstopniowego podziału terytorialnego państwa (Dz.U. z 1998 r. nr 96, poz. 603).
^ Artur Wójcik. "Orzeł à rebours". jakiznaktwoj.pl (in Polish).