Farndale is a valley and community in North Yorkshire, England, which is known for the daffodils which flower each spring along a 7-mile (11 km) stretch of the River Dove.[3] The valley is in the North York Moors National Park, some 11 miles (18 km) north of Kirkbymoorside, the nearest town. Pickering is some 17 miles (27 km) to the south-east and Helmsley 17 miles (27 km) to the south-west.
Farndale is an isolated, scattered agricultural community with traditional Yorkshiredry stone walls. The valley is popular with walkers due to its famous wild daffodils, which can be seen around Easter time all along the banks of the River Dove. To protect the daffodils the majority of Farndale north of Lowna was created a Local Nature Reserve in 1955.
Farndale is home to two hamlets; Church Houses at the top of the valley and Low Mill further down. Low Mill is a tourist honeypot during daffodil season as this is where the famous daffodil walk begins. The other end of the daffodil walk is at High Mill a cluster of houses a short distance down a lane from Church Houses.
Etymology
The name of Farndale has changed through history:[4]
Sources disagree on the origin of the name Farndale, although it is a combination of two parts "Farn" and "Dale".
There a four possible origins for "Farn" all of which do describe the dale although the most likely are Scandinavian or Celtic. It may be derived from the Celtic "Faren" meaning beautiful; alternatively it could be derived from the Scandinavian "får" meaning sheep[5] or possibly from Old English "Fearn" meaning fern or ferny place[6] or from the Gaelic "Feàrna" which means alder tree of which there are many in Farndale.[7]
While Dale probably means Valley either derived from Scandinavion "Dalr"[5] or Anglian "Dæl"[6] although it could be derived from the Gaelic "Dail" meaning level field by a river.[7]
The name of the River Dove which flows through Farndale is almost definitely from either the Old British "Dubo"[8] meaning Black or from the Gaelic "Dubh"[7] also meaning black, hence Black (or Dark) River.
Geography
Farndale is a valley within the North York Moors, it is surrounded by some of the wildest moorland in England. The dale is sandwiched between Bransdale to the west, Rosedale to the east and Westerdale to the north. To the north-east sits Blakey Ridge at over 1,312 feet (400 m) above sea level, and to the north-west, Cockayne Ridge reaching up to 1,490 feet (454 m) above sea level is one of the highest points of the North York Moors. The southern boundary of the Farndale Parishes are along Harland Beck and Shortsha Beck (across Lowna Lund),[9] although the Gillamoor to Hutton-le-Hole road is considered as the boundary for all other purposes, south of this the dale continues but changes its name to Douthwaitedale, though the Tabular Hills until it reaches Keldhome then Kirkby Mills just east of Kirkbymoorside.
The River Dove rises on Westerdale Moor North of Farndale, then flows through Farndale south-east past to Church Houses. Here it turns south and continues meandering past Low Mill to Lowna. At Gillamoor it heads south-east again past Hutton-le-Hole before returning southwards past Ravenswick and to the east of Kirkbymoorside. It continues past Keldholme and Kikrby Mills to Great Edstone. From there it flows south-south-east to where it joins the River Rye in the Vale of Pickering near the village of Salton. Several tributaries meet the Dove through Farndale.[10]
Population
The combined population of the civil parishes of Farndale East and Farndale West at the time of the 2021 Census was 160.[1] The census Figures are combined under Farndale West.
In recent years there has been a negative trend in the population as indicated by the following population estimate and censuses.
• 2015 the population had been estimated at 180.[2]
• 2001 the Census recorded the population as 211.[12]
With the population having decreased greatly from the 668 that is recorded in "A Topographical Dictionary of Yorkshire" by Thomas Lansdale published in 1822 when farndale East side had a population of 455 and Farndale West Side had a Population of 213.[13]
Over 40,000 people visit the dale in the springtime to walk along the River Dove and see the daffodils.[15] The variety of daffodil that grows wild in the valley, has shorter stems than the cultivated variety[16] and are believed to have been planted by monks in medieval times.[17][18] The daffodils are also known as Lent Lilies in Farndale and they usually appear around Lent.[19][20]
Farndale was historically divided between three ancient parishes. Farndale Eastside was a township in the parish of Lastingham.[21] The township of Farndale High Quarter and Bransdale Eastside (also known as Farndale Westside) and the township of Farndale Low Quarter (also known as Low Farndale) were in the parish of Kirkbymoorside.[22]
In 1873 Farndale Hiqh Quarter and Farndale Westside joined to become a single parish.[23] The Farndale parishes were subsequently realigned to Farndale East and Farndale West.[24] The dividing line between the two Farndale civil parishes is along the course of the River Dove. Until 2018 Farndale East had a Parish Council responsible for the eastern side including Church Houses and Farndale West had a Parish Meeting looking after the western side including Low Mill.
In April 2018 a joint Farndale Parish Council was formed under a grouping order and it now represents the interests of all residents in Farndale.[25]
Between 1974 and 2023 the area was part of the Ryedale district. It is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.
The Farndale War memorial commemorating the men of Farndale lost in the First World War is near the church entrance; those named are: William Breckon, Charles Duncombe, Earl Of Feversham, Joseph Garbutt, Albert Handley, Joseph Handley, Percival Maw, Frederick Mortimer, Thomas Bertie Mortimer, Joseph Ward, Joseph Watson, and Alfred Percy Wilson.[30]
The first Farndale Show was held in August 1896, the exhibits were confined to Farndale, Brandale and Rosedale and held near Church Houses.[35]
By 1898 the show had become known by the name Farndale, Bransdale and Rosedale Show having apparently merged or superseded the triennial Bransdale Show first held in 1880[36] until 1895[37] and the Rosedale Show first held in 1871[38] until at least 1878.[39] This name continued to be used as the formal name for the show until the First World War.[40]
In 1900 the Farndale, Bransdale and Rosedale show was held in Rosedale Abbey[41] this proved to be great success with the result in 1901 a new Rosedale and Hartoft Show was formed.[42] By 1911 the Rosedale show had become known as the Rosedale, Hartoft and Farndale Show[43] meaning two agricultural shows included the name Farndale this continued until around 1923.[44]
The official name of the Farndale show is the Farndale Agricultural, Horticultural and Industrial Society annual exhibition, in 1988 the society became a Charitable organization.[45]
While the show was not held during the two world wars and had previously been cancelled due to Foot-and-mouth disease, the 2009 show was the only time in the history of the show it was cancelled due to the weather.[46] The show was again cancelled in 2020 and 2021 due to COVID-19 and returned in 2022.[47]
Farndale hunt
The Farndale Hunt may have been one of the oldest in the country. It is known that George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham stayed with a tenant in Kirkbymoorside and hunted in the area. However the first documented reference states "it dated from 1835", although it is likely to have existed long before this date.[48]
The hunt was disbanded in 2015[49] although their Facebook page remains active.[50]
In 1932 the Kingston upon Hull Corporation bought a large area of land in Upper Farndale in the North York Moor, c. 2,000 hectares. The Corporation had a plan to create a large reservoir behind a constructed earth embankment at Church Houses , and then using gravitation through a series of pipes/aqueducts bring a safe and reliable water supply down to Hull (c. 50 miles away). The plans also involved a second stage with weirs constructed in the neighbouring dales of Rosedale and Bransdale (and possibly Westerdale?) – with the collected water piped through the dividing hills into the Farndale Reservoir, if and when demand required it.[52][53]
This scheme did not get off the ground and then the Second World War intervened.[53][54] The project was revived in 1965 and a revised plan was produced in 1969. The reservoir was to be 2½ miles long, cover a total of 400 acres and hold 8,000 million gallons of water.[53][54] Finally, after five years of work, Parliament rejected the bill to create the reservoir. The Farndale scheme was postponed, then formally laid to rest in 1988.[53]
Notable people
Henry Harwood Flintoff who lived in Farndale at the time, was awarded the Edward Medal later exchanged for a George Cross for an act of heroism where he went to the assistance of farmer John Atkinson of Olive House, Farndale and saved him from a bull.[55]
BBC Documentary: A Wild Year, The North York Moors[62] was partly filmed in and around Farndale,[63] and featured the wild daffodils.
Bad Move, an ITV sitcom written by Jack Dee and Pete Sinclair and starring Jack Dee was partly filmed in Farndale.[64] The location of Rawlings' new home is near Low Mill.[65]
BBC Inside Out covered Heavy Snow in Farndale in November 2010.[67]
A 1991 Tyne Tees television programme "Kirkby's Kingdom" featured Farndale show.[68]
Music
Alan Ridout wrote a work called Farndale Dances for solo Piccolo in 1992 consisting 5 Movements: Down the Dale, Sylvio the Pheasant, Whistling Walker, The Stream and Up the Hill.[69]
Songwriter Graham Miles[70] wrote a folk song called Farndale Daffodils.[71]
A Hymn Tune: Farndale was written by local resident Harold Dobson.[72]
^Page, William, ed. (1914). "Lastingham". Victoria County History. A History of the County of York North Riding: Volume 1. Institute of Historical Research. Archived from the original on 2 July 2019. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
^"Farndale Show Called off". Gazette and Herald. Newsquest Media Groupltd. 21 August 2008. Archived from the original on 6 October 2022. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
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