Born in Arteaga, Cáseres joined the academy of Vélez Sarsfield in 2014.[3] He was promoted into their senior set-up in early 2019, though wouldn't make an appearance on a competitive first-team teamsheet until October 2020.[3][4][5] He was an unused substitute for a Copa Sudamericana draw with Peñarol on 28 October, which preceded his senior bow arriving on 31 October in a 1–1 draw at home to Huracán in the Copa de la Liga Profesional; he started and remained for 64 minutes, before being substituted for Lucas Janson.[2][6]
In August 2021, Cáseres was introduced as a new player of the Croatian club NK Istra 1961, on a one-year loan from Vélez Sarsfield.[7] On 26 July 2022, Veléz confirmed that the loan spell had been extended with one year further.[8]