Eschmeyer nexus

Eschmeyer nexus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Suborder: Scorpaenoidei
Family: Eschmeyeridae
Mandritsa[3]
Genus: Eschmeyer
Poss & V. G. Springer, 1983[2]
Species:
E. nexus
Binomial name
Eschmeyer nexus
Poss & V. G. Springer, 1983[1]

Easchmeyer nexus is a species of marine ray-finned fish; it is the only species in the monotypic genus Eschmeyer and monogeneric family Eschmeyeridae. This fish is only known from the Pacific Ocean, near Fiji.

Taxonomy

Eschmeyer nexus was first formally described in 1983 by the American ichthyologists Stuart G. Poss and Victor G. Springer with the type locality given as Fiji.[1] Poss and Springer placed their new species in the new monotypic genus Eschmeyer[2] and in 2001 Sergey Anatolyevich Mandritsa classified that genus within the monogeneric family Eschmeyeridae,[3] The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies the family within the suborder Scorpaenoidei which in turn is classified within the order Scorpaeniformes.[4] Other authorities place the Scorpaenoidei within the Perciformes.[5] A recent study placed the genus Eschmeyer into an expanded stonefish clade, the Synanceiidae, because all of these fish have a lachrymal sabre that can project a switch-blade-like mechanism out from underneath their eye.[6][7] The name of both the genus and family honours William N. Eschmeyer, an American ichthyologist at the California Academy of Sciences, or his work on the Scorpaenid fishes. The specific name nexus, is derived from nectere, Latin for 'tie' or 'connect', a reference to the suite of features suggesting this taxon has a close relationship with a number of groups within the Scorpaenoidei. Mandritsa suggested the English common name of cofish in recognition of Eschmeyer’s participation in the Catalog of Fishes.[8]

Description

Eschmeyer nexus has eight spines and thirteen soft rays in the dorsal fin, with the first few dorsal fin spines being very short, while the anal fin has three spines and eight soft rays. All the fin rays are unbranched. The front part of the throat, the isthmus, does not have any fleshy papillae and the gill membranes do not have a wide junction with the isthmus. The frontal and parietal bones are well developed. There are no spines on the preorbital bone. The only scales are those on the lateral line which has ten tubed scales. There are no spiny projections to the rear of the caudal peduncle The pelvic fin membrane is joined to the body and is fused to the membrane of opposite pelvic fin. There is no detached pectoral fin ray. This is a small fish with a maximum standard length of 4.1 cm (1.6 in).[9]

Distribution and habitat

Eschmeyer nexus is found in the western central Pacific Ocean where it has only been recorded from Fiji. It is a demersal fish.[9]

References

  1. ^ a b Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Eschmeyer". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 8 May 2022.
  2. ^ a b Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Eschmeyerinae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 8 May 2022.
  3. ^ a b Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1. PMID 25543675.
  4. ^ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 467–495. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the original on 2019-04-08. Retrieved 2022-05-08.
  5. ^ Ricardo Betancur-R; Edward O. Wiley; Gloria Arratia; et al. (2017). "Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 17 (162): 162. doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0958-3. PMC 5501477. PMID 28683774.
  6. ^ Smith, W. Leo; Smith, Elizabeth; Richardson, Clara (February 2018). "Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Flatheads, Scorpionfishes, Sea Robins, and Stonefishes (Percomorpha: Scorpaeniformes) and the Evolution of the Lachrymal Saber". Copeia. 106 (1): 94–119. doi:10.1643/CG-17-669.
  7. ^ Willingham, AJ (April 13, 2018). "Stonefish are already scary, and now scientists have found they have switchblades in their heads". CNN.
  8. ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (10 March 2022). "Order Perciformes (Part 10): Suborder Scorpaenoidei: Families Apistidae, Tetrarogidae, Synanceiidae, Aploacrinidae, Perryenidae, Eschmeyeridae, Pataecidae, Gnathanacanthidae, Congiopodidae and Zanclorhynchidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 8 May 2022.
  9. ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Eschmeyer nexus". FishBase. February 2022 version.