Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

Enthiran (soundtrack)

Enthiran
Album cover for Enthiran
Soundtrack album by
Released31 July 2010
Recorded2008
StudioPanchathan Record Inn and AM Studios, Chennai
GenreFeature film soundtrack
Length34:35
LanguageTamil
LabelThink Music
ProducerA. R. Rahman
A. R. Rahman chronology
Raavanan
(2010)
Enthiran
(2010)
Puli
(2010)

Enthiran is the soundtrack album to the 2010 Tamil science fiction-action film of the same name, directed by S. Shankar and starring Rajinikanth and Aishwarya Rai. The soundtrack album includes seven tracks composed by A. R. Rahman and was released on 31 July 2010 by Think Music.[1] The release coincided with a promotional event held at the Putrajaya International Convention Centre in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

The album also was dubbed and released in Telugu as Robo on 6 August 2010, while its dubbed Hindi version, Robot, was released on 14 August 2010. The former was released on Think Music itself, but the latter was released by Venus.[2]

Release

The soundtrack album's release rights in Tamil and Telugu were purchased by Think Music for 7 crore.[3][4] The songs "Kadhal Anukkal" and "Arima Arima" were aired for the first time on Suryan FM on 30 July, a day before the soundtrack release.

The Tamil album was officially released on 31 July 2010, which coincided with a promotional event held at the Putrajaya International Convention Centre in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.[5] Co-hosted by Vivek and Punnagai Poo Gheetha, the event was attended by most of the film's cast and crew members, including Kalanithi Maran, S. Shankar, Rajinikanth, Aishwarya Rai, A. R. Rahman, Santhanam, Karunas, Vairamuthu, R. Rathnavelu, Anthony, Sabu Cyril, and Yogi B. Other invited guests were Dayanidhi Maran, Radha Ravi, Vadivelu, Shriya Saran, Jayam Ravi, Ramya Krishnan, S. A. Chandrasekhar, Aishwarya and Soundarya Rajinikanth, Krish, and Sangeetha Arvind. Furthermore, Silambarasan, Vijayalakshmi, and Poorna were part of stage performances.

The release event of the Telugu version, titled Robo, was held in Hyderabad on 6 August 2010, which was attended by Chiranjeevi, D. Ramanaidu, Mohan Babu, Srinu Vaitla, Kajal Aggarwal, and Kamna Jethmalani.[6] The Hindi version, titled Robot, was released by Venus[2] on 14 August 2010, in a function held in Mumbai. The event was attended by Amitabh Bachchan, Jaya Bachchan and Abhishek Bachchan, along with the crew of the film.[7][8]

Music videos

The songs were choreographed by Prabhu Deva, Raju Sundaram, Remo D'Souza, Dinesh and Shobi. The first song "Pudhiya Manidha" was the introduction song for Vaseegaran and Chitti (both played by Rajinikanth) and also appeared in the opening credits. It was choreographed by Prabhu Deva with his Bharata Natyam trained assistant Ajeesh dancing for the robot.[9] "Kadhal Anukkal", again choreographed by Prabhu Deva, is a love song picturised on Vaseegaran and Sana (played by Aishwarya Rai). The song was completely shot from Lençóis Maranhenses National Park in northeastern Brazil.[10][11] "Irumbile Oru Irudhaiyam", which marked the singing debut of Lady Kash and Krissy in Tamil cinema,[12][13] was choreographed by Remo D'Souza and was picturised as a club dance number between Chitti and Sana.[9] "Chitti Dance Showcase", a short and mostly instrumental song was choreographed by Shobi and was picturised on Vaseegaran, Chitti and Sana.

"Arima Arima" was set in Ramoji Rao Film City, Hyderabad and was choreographed by Prabhu Deva. It was picturised on Chitti, his robot army and Sana. According to the director S. Shankar, art director Sabu Cyril and cinematographer R. Rathnavelu, picturising this song was the most challenging part of the whole film. The song also features two robotic lions, the creation of which, according to Sabu Cyril, is a professional secret. In an interview, Ratnavelu said, "This film has been a big challenge right from the start till the patchwork. But the most challenging part for me was shooting the climax song, Arima Arima, which will be the USP of the film. The song was shot in a set in Hyderabad in 2008. I had to perceive in 2008 what would be in vogue now. So, that was a real challenge and that has come out really well."[14]

The most notable song in terms of picturisation, "Kilimanjaro", is picturised on Rajinikanth and Aishwarya Rai singing a duet with a host of tribal dancers in the background. The song sequence was filmed at Machu Picchu in Peru, making it the first Indian video to be picturised from the protected heritage site.[15] According to official sources, there were interventions from the Indian government to grant permission for the filming, which was denied to many international projects, such as Quantum of Solace (2008).[15][16] It was choreographed by Raju Sundaram.

The last song, "Boom Boom Robo Da", shot from Himachal Pradesh and Chennai, was choreographed by Dinesh and picturised on Vaseegaran, Sana and Chitti.

Reception

The soundtrack has received generally positive reviews and on the second day of release, the album was on top of the US iTunes Top 10 World Albums chart, making it the first Indian album to reach the spot.[17] In the United Kingdom, Enthiran ranked third place on iTunes and by the following day occupied the top spot successfully. In Australia, Enthiran ranked on the top spot by 5 August.[18] The soundtrack has topped the Indian charts too. The first five positions was defended by Enthiran songs for more than three months.[19] "Kadhal Anukkal" topped the charts for more than eight weeks.[20] The Hindi version, "Pagal Anukan", peaked at #4 position in the weekly charts.[21] The audio is said to have created history and have registered a record breaking sale in the Indian audio market.[22]

Critical response

Tamil version

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
Behindwoods[23]
The Hindu(positive)[24]
Music Aloud[25]
Rediff[26]

The soundtrack received mostly positive critical responses. The Hindu commented on the album that "With its blend of melody, trance and rhythm, Enthiran – The Robot sounds like a winner".[24] Chennai online stated that "The entire album gives an upbeat electro sense and wings to our imaginations. The music is convinced to grow on you, if not an instant hit."[27] A review by Music Aloud said, "While the soundtrack of Enthiran has enough fodder to delight a connoisseur, it remains to be seen how much its sophistication will appeal to the masses, who are after all Rajinikanth's primary target."[25] Behindwoods reviewed the music saying, "Yes, it exasperates you when you listen for the first time. But as you listen again, you realize that though Rahman gives this album a crisp metallic touch in keeping with the theme of the story, he still remains faithful to his Carnatic roots in a touching way. Watch how cleverly he varies the feel of the normal duets and robo-based duets. The lyrics are interesting too. If the listener shakes off his conditioned thinking while listening to this album, he is in for a treat."[23] Pavithra Srinivasan of Rediff commented that, "Enthiran is, in fact, a perfect superstar album. Where the collection does manage to veer from the usual, Rahman has managed to add his own quirky, creative notes to the songs."[26]

Hindi version

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
Bollywood Hungama[28]
Hindustan Times(positive)[29]
IBN Live[30]
NDTV(mixed)[31]
Rediff[32]
The Times of India(mixed)[33]

The Hindi version received mixed to negative responses, with most of the reviewers criticising Swanand Kirkire's lyrics. Bollywood Hungama rated the album 1.5 out of 5 saying, "Robot disappoints. While Rahman himself hasn't come up with anything exceptional, something which is expected from him film after film; it's the lyrics that are chief culprit here. It is clear that a lot has been lost in translation here, literally so, as the song dubbing Tamil to Hindi just doesn't work here."[28] Rediff rated the Hindi version 2.5 on 5 and commented that Robot is not Rahman's best, to say the least.[32] The Times of India commented that "On the whole, the music of Robot does not appeal. They may suit the script of the sci-film, but the audio is not impressive."[33]

Track listing

Enthiran - Tamil
No.TitleLyricsSinger(s)Length
1."Puthiya Manidha"VairamuthuS. P. Balasubrahmanyam, A. R. Rahman, Khatija Rahman6:11
2."Boom Boom Robot Da"Madhan KarkyYogi B, Keerthi Sagathia, Shweta Mohan, Tanvi Shah4:28
3."Irumbile Oru Idhaiyam"Madhan Karky, Kash n' KrissyA. R. Rahman, Kash n' Krissy5:13
4."Kadhal Anukkal"VairamuthuVijay Prakash, Shreya Ghoshal5:45
5."Chitti Dance Showcase" Pradeep Kumar, Pravin Mani, Yogi B2:44
6."Kilimanjaro"Pa. VijayJaved Ali, Chinmayi5:32
7."Arima Arima"VairamuthuHariharan, Sadhana Sargam5:22
Total length:35:14
Robo - Telugu
No.TitleLyricsSinger(s)Length
1."O Maramanishi"Suddala Ashok TejaS. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Srinivas, A. R. Rahman, Khatija Rahman6:11
2."Boom Boom Robo Ra"BhuvanachandraYogi B, Keerthi Sagathia, Shweta Mohan, Tanvi Shah4:26
3."Inumulo O Hridhayam"Suddala Ashok TejaA. R. Rahman, Keeravani, Kash n' Krissy5:16
4."Neelo Valapu"VanamaliVijay Prakash, Shreya Ghoshal5:45
5."Chitti Dance Showcase" Pradeep Kumar, Pravin Mani, Yogi B2:45
6."Kilimanjaro Bhala"BhuvanachandraJaved Ali, Chinmayi, Anuj5:30
7."Harima Harima"VanamaliHariharan, Sadhana Sargam, Benny Dayal, Naresh Iyer5:20
Total length:35:13

All lyrics are written by Swanand Kirkire

Robot - Hindi
No.TitleSinger(s)Length
1."O Naye Insaan"Srinivas, A. R. Rahman, Khatija Rahman6:11
2."Boom Boom Robo Da"Yogi B, Keerthi Sagathia, Madhushree, Ravi 'Rags' Khote4:28
3."Naina Miley"A. R. Rahman, Suzanne D'Mello, Kash n' Krissy5:15
4."Pagal Anukan"Mohit Chauhan, Shreya Ghoshal5:46
5."Chitti Dance Showcase"Pradeep Kumar, Pravin Mani, Yogi B2:44
6."Kilimanjaro"Javed Ali, Chinmayi5:32
7."Arima Arima"Hariharan, Sadhana Sargam, Benny Dayal, Naresh Iyer5:19
Total length:35:17

Album credits

Backing vocals

Dr. Narayanan, Raqeeb Alam, R. Vijay Narain, Renu Kannan, Nithin Raj, Shahid, Megha, Madhumitha, Shubiksha, Janani, Nrithya, Senthil, Sridhar Vijay, Kaushik, Arjun, Sharadha, Swetha Mohan, Clinton Cerejo, Dominique Cerejo, Francois Castellino, Newman Pinto, Vivianne Pocha, Bianca Gomes

Instruments

  • Drums - V. Kumar
  • Percussions - T. Raja, Vedachalam, Neelakandan, Lakshminarayanan, Raju
  • Bass Guitar - Keith Peters
  • Guitar - Sanjeev Thomas, George
  • Flute - Naveen Kumar
  • Trumpet - Thomas

Production

  • Composer: A. R. Rahman
  • Sound Engineers: P. A. Deepak, T. R. Krishna Chetan, Vivianne Chaix, Suresh Permal, Srinidhi Venkatesh, S. Sivakumar, Kannan Ganpat, Pradeep, Dinesh Ramalingam
  • String Engineer: V. J. Srinivasamurthy
  • Mixing: K. J. Singh, P. A. Deepak
  • Mastering: S. Sivakumar
  • Programming: T. R. Krishna Chetan, P. A. Deepak, Hentry Kuruvilla
  • Music coordination: Noell James, Faizuddin T.M.

References

  1. ^ One India (2010). "Think Music Bags Endhiran Audio Rights". One India. Retrieved 17 July 2010.[permanent dead link]
  2. ^ a b NDTV (2010). "Venus acquires Hindi audio rights of Endhiran". NDTV. Archived from the original on 2 August 2010. Retrieved 30 July 2010.
  3. ^ Endhiran. Co.In (2010). "Think Music Bags Endhiran Audio Rights". Endhiran. Co.In. Archived from the original on 21 July 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
  4. ^ Indiaglitz (2010). "Endhiran music label under wrap". IndiaGlitz. Archived from the original on 16 July 2010. Retrieved 15 July 2010.
  5. ^ "Aishwarya, Rajnikanth launch Endhiran music". Archived from the original on 24 January 2015. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  6. ^ One India (2010). "Chiranjeevi, Rajinikanth launch Robo audio". One India. Archived from the original on 11 June 2022. Retrieved 9 August 2010.
  7. ^ The Hindu (15 August 2010). "Amitabh is my inspiration, says Rajini". The Hindu. Chennai, India. Archived from the original on 18 August 2010. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  8. ^ Behindwoods (2010). "Rajini gets sentimental during Robot Audio Launch". Behindwoods. Archived from the original on 16 August 2010. Retrieved 16 August 2010.
  9. ^ a b "Enthiran Dance Robot Choreography". Reviews.in. Archived from the original on 12 October 2010.
  10. ^ Pillai, Sreedhar (26 October 2010). "Kollywood in search of exotic locations". Times of India. Archived from the original on 20 January 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2010.
  11. ^ "Lençóis Maranhenses National Park". Wherewasitshot.com. Archived from the original on 6 November 2014.
  12. ^ Suganth, M. "Kashin's on rap! - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 9 November 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
  13. ^ "Kash-Krissy-Endhiran:Kash and Krissy, the singing duo whomade their debut with I". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
  14. ^ Manigandan KR (14 September 2010). "Randy's in high spirits". Times of India. Archived from the original on 20 September 2010. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
  15. ^ a b "Endhiran The Robot : First Indian movie to shoot at Machu Pichu". One India. Archived from the original on 8 December 2010. Retrieved 11 October 2010.
  16. ^ "Enthiran beats James Bond". Behindwoods. Archived from the original on 20 January 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2010.
  17. ^ Indiaglitz (2010). "'Endhiran' tops Apple list". IndiaGlitz. Archived from the original on 4 August 2010. Retrieved 3 August 2010.
  18. ^ Behindwoods (2010). "Endhiran Breaks Another Record". Behindwoods. Archived from the original on 4 August 2010. Retrieved 3 August 2010.
  19. ^ "Kadhal Anukkal This Week At No.1". Telugucinemalu. Archived from the original on 9 November 2010. Retrieved 8 November 2010.
  20. ^ "- The Times of India". The Times Of India. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
  21. ^ "Planet Bollywood weekly charts". Archived from the original on 22 September 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
  22. ^ Vinita Surana (2010). "Endhiran's Music Mania Continues". Thelatestnews. Archived from the original on 23 August 2010. Retrieved 21 August 2010.
  23. ^ a b Behindwoods (2010). "Endhiran Music Review". Archived from the original on 11 February 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2010.
  24. ^ a b Divya Kumar (2 August 2010). "Music to the ears". The Hindu. Chennai, India. Archived from the original on 5 August 2010. Retrieved 2 August 2010.
  25. ^ a b Musicaloud (2010). "Music Review - Endhiran". Archived from the original on 3 August 2010. Retrieved 31 July 2010.
  26. ^ a b Pavithra Srinivasan (2010). "Endhiran, a perfect superstar album". Rediff. Archived from the original on 11 February 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2010.
  27. ^ "Rajinikanth's 'Endhiran': Music Review". Chennai Online. 2010. Archived from the original on 25 August 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2010.
  28. ^ a b "Robot Music Review". Bollywood Hungama. 2010. Archived from the original on 30 December 2008.
  29. ^ Nikhil Taneja (2010). "Music review: Robot, Anjaana Anjaani". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 19 September 2010. Retrieved 15 September 2010.
  30. ^ "'Robot' soundtrack lacks Rahman's punch". Indo-Asian News Service. IBN Live. 2010. Archived from the original on 8 September 2010. Retrieved 15 September 2010.
  31. ^ "Music Review: Robot". Indo-Asian News Service. NDTV. 2010. Archived from the original on 10 July 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2010.
  32. ^ a b "Robot: Not Rahman's best, to say the least". Rediff. 2010. Archived from the original on 5 September 2010. Retrieved 7 September 2010.
  33. ^ a b "Music Review:Robot". Times of India. Archived from the original on 23 September 2010. Retrieved 5 October 2010.

External links

Read more information:

Species of African plant commonly used for incense Typical habitat (Giba River gorge in Ethiopia) with, at left, a flowering Boswellia papyrifera tree Boswellia papyrifera Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Rosids Order: Sapindales Family: Burseraceae Genus: Boswellia Species: B. papyrifera Binomial name Boswellia papyrifera(Delile ex Caill.) Hochst., 1843 Synonyms[1] Amyris papyrifera Delile ex Caill. Boswellia …

Danny HustonLahirDaniel Sallis Huston14 Mei 1962 (umur 61)Rome, ItaliaPekerjaanAktor, sutradaraTahun aktif1984–sekarang Danny Huston (lahir 14 Mei 1962) adalah seorang aktor, penulis, dan sutradara Amerika. Huston mulai mengarahkannya Mr. North, dibintangi Anthony Edwards, Robert Mitchum, dan saudara tiri Huston, Anjelica Huston. Belakangan, Huston memiliki kinerja akting terobosannya dalam film independen Ivans Xtc dan dinominasikan untuk Penampilan Pria Terbaik di Independent Spiri…

 凡例藤原 清河 藤原清河『前賢故実』より時代 奈良時代生誕 不詳死没 不詳別名 河清(唐名)官位 従三位、参議、常陸守、贈従一品主君 聖武天皇→孝謙天皇氏族 藤原北家父母 父:藤原房前、母:片野朝臣の娘兄弟 鳥養、永手、真楯、清河、魚名、宇比良古、御楯、楓麻呂、北殿、藤原豊成室子 喜娘特記事項 遣唐大使として入唐後は唐朝に仕える。テンプレートを

John Ellis Información personalNombre de nacimiento Jonathan Richard EllisNacimiento 1 de julio de 1946 (77 años)Hampstead, LondresNacionalidad británicoEducaciónEducación doctorado Educado en King's College, CambridgeInformación profesionalOcupación Físico en el CERN y el King's College LondonÁrea FísicaConocido por Diagrama de pingüino, Acuñó el término teoría de todoEmpleador King's College de LondresOrganización Europea para la Investigación Nuclear Miembro de Roya…

Cet article possède un paronyme, voir Philippe Wahl. Pour les articles homonymes, voir Val. Philippe ValPhilippe Val dans les locaux de France Inter, en février 2013.FonctionsDirecteur généralFrance Inter2009-2014Frédéric SchlesingerLaurence BlochDirecteur de la publicationCharlie Hebdo2004-2009GébéRédacteur en chefCharlie Hebdo1992-2004Gérard BiardBiographieNaissance 14 septembre 1952 (71 ans)Neuilly-sur-Seine (France)Nationalité françaiseActivités Chansonnier, humoriste, chan…

Зразок побудови пересічного аеропорту. Великі аеропорти, зазвичай, містять більше злітно-посадкових смуг та терміналів.1. Світлосигнальна система. 2. Місце обробки літаків проти обмерзання. 3. Передпорогова зона. 4. Вказівник напрямку заходу на посадку. 5. Позначення ЗПС. 6. Ві…

XIX Літня УніверсіадаМісто СициліяКраїн 124Спортсменів 3949Розіграно медалей 306Церемонія відкриття 20 серпня 1997Церемонія закриття 31 серпня 1997Вебсторінка Історія універсіад — сайт FISU (англ.) Літня Універсіада 1997 — XIX літня Універсіада проходила на італійському острові С…

Pertempuran KerenBagian dari Kampanye Afrika Timur Perang Dunia IIMedan perang KerenTanggal3 Februari – 27 Maret 1941[1]Lokasi15°46′36″N 38°27′4″E / 15.77667°N 38.45111°E / 15.77667; 38.45111Koordinat: 15°46′36″N 38°27′4″E / 15.77667°N 38.45111°E / 15.77667; 38.45111EritreaHasil Kemenangan besar Sekutu[1]Pihak terlibat  Britania Raya  India  Pasukan Kemerdekaan Prancis  Kekaisaran Etiopi…

Philosophical (ontological) concept Part of a series onJohn Duns Scotus ScotismScholasticism Univocity Haecceity Immaculate conception Beatific vision Formal distinction Hylomorphism Scotistic realism Substance theory (ousia) Accident Substantial form Quiddity (essence / nature) Individuation Existence of God Christology Platonic realism Categories (Aristotle) Problem of universals Metaphysics Christianity and slavery WorksOpus Oxoniense Tractatus de Primo Principio Quaestiones Quodlibetales Inf…

This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (January 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Caleb UHD144 and disks The Caleb Technology UHD144 (Ultra High Density) is a floptical-based 144 MB floppy disk system introduced in early 1998, marketed as the it drive. Like other floptical-like systems, …

1965 film by Stuart Burge OthelloTheatrical release posterDirected byStuart BurgeWritten byWilliam ShakespeareProduced byAnthony Havelock-AllanJohn BrabourneStarring Laurence Olivier Maggie Smith Joyce Redman Frank Finlay CinematographyGeoffrey UnsworthEdited byRichard MardenMusic byRichard HamptonProductioncompaniesBHE FilmsNational Theatre of Great BritainDistributed byEagle-Lion Films (UK)Warner Bros. (US)Release date 15 December 1965 (1965-12-15) Running time165 minutesCountry…

Most widely used standard for video compression AVC1 redirects here. Not to be confused with AV1 or VC-1. This article's lead section may be too long. Please read the length guidelines and help move details into the article's body. (May 2023) Advanced Video Coding / H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual servicesStatusIn forceYear started2003First published17 August 2004 (2004-08-17)Latest version14.022 August 2021 (2021-08-22)Organizati…

Jan EnglertLahir11 Mei 1943 (umur 80)Warsawa, PolandiaPekerjaanPemeranTahun aktif1957–kini Jan Aleksander Englert (lahir 11 Mei 1943) adalah seorang pemeran film Polandia. Ia tampil dalam lebih dari 60 film sejak 1957. Sejak 2003, ia menjabat sebagai Direktur Artistik Teater Nasional Warsawa.[1][2] Filmografi pilihan Liberation (1969–71) Salt of the Black Earth (1970) Pearl in the Crown (1972) Osadeni Dushi (1975) Nights and Days (Noce i Dnie) (1975) Magnat (1987) K…

Sporting event delegationCyprus at the2016 Summer ParalympicsIPC codeCYPNPCCyprus National Paralympic CommitteeWebsitewww.paralympic.org.cyin TokyoCompetitors3 in 3 sportsMedals Gold 1 Silver 0 Bronze 1 Total 2 Summer Paralympics appearances (overview)1988199219962000200420082012201620202024 Cyprus competed at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo, Japan, from 24 August to 5 September 2021. This was the island country's ninth consecutive appearance in a Summer Paralympiad having made its debut at…

2013 studio album by Miss LiWolvesStudio album by Miss LiReleased10 April 2013 (2013-04-10)GenrePopLength64:43LabelEMIProducerSonny GustafssonMiss Li chronology Singles and Selected(2012) Wolves(2013) A Woman's Guide to Survival(2017) Wolves is the seventh studio album by Miss Li, released in 2013.[1] The album was released in North America on 11 May 2014.[2] A double album, its first disc features material written solely by Miss Li and producer Sonny Boy G…

Genus of flowering plants in the dogbane family Apocynaceae Cynanchum In the foreground, Cynanchum aphyllum Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Asterids Order: Gentianales Family: Apocynaceae Subfamily: Asclepiadoideae Tribe: Asclepiadeae Genus: CynanchumL. (1853) Species 262, see text[1] Synonyms[1] List Adelostemma Hook.f. (1883) Ampelamus Raf. (1819) Aphanostelma Schltr. (1914) Bunburia Harv. (1838) Cyathell…

Director, screenwriter, dancer For the Scottish cricketer, see Andy Tennant (cricketer). For the cyclist, see Andy Tennant (cyclist). Andy TennantTennant at the 2011 Dallas International Film FestivalBorn (1955-06-15) June 15, 1955 (age 68)Chicago, Illinois, United StatesNationalityAmericanEducationHomewood-Flossmoor High SchoolAlma materUniversity of Southern CaliforniaOccupation(s)Screenwriter, director, actor, dancerYears active1978–presentSpouseSharon Kay Johnson (m. 1993)Ch…

Charles II menandatangai kesepakatan dengan Prancis pada tahun 1670 Aliansi Tiga merupakan istilah yang digunakan untuk menyebut perjanjian persekutuan antara tiga negara untuk tujuan politik.[1][2] Aliansi ini disebut juga Aliansi Tri Sekutu.[2] Ada beberapa Aliansi Tiga yang cukup terkenal.[2] Misalnya pada tahun 1668, Inggris, Belanda dan Swedia bersekutu untuk melakukan usaha mengimbangi Prancis.[2] Prancis pada tahun tersebut mengalami kemajuan pesat.…

National park in Venezuela Laguna de Tacarigua National Park Parque nacional Laguna de TacariguaIUCN category II (national park)LocationLocation VenezuelaCoordinates10°16′N 65°51′W / 10.267°N 65.850°W / 10.267; -65.850Area391 km2 (151 sq mi)Established1974 (1974) The Laguna de Tacarigua National Park[1] (Spanish: Parque nacional Laguna de Tacarigua),[2] also known as Tacarigua Lagoon National Park, is a protected area with …

Marine National Park of Pwani Region, Tanzania Mafia Island Marine ParkIUCN category VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources)Bwejuu Island of the Mafia Archipelago's Marine ParkMafia Island Marine Park's location in TanzaniaLocationMafia District, Pwani RegionNearest cityKilindoniCoordinates07°45′07″S 39°54′01″E / 7.75194°S 39.90028°E / -7.75194; 39.90028Area822km²Established1995Governing bodyMarine Parks & Reserves Authorit…

Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya

Lokasi Pengunjung: 18.226.98.221