Ecclesiastical Province of Canada

The Ecclesiastical Province of Canada, founded in 1860, forms one of four ecclesiastical provinces in the Anglican Church of Canada (ACC). Despite modern use of the name Canada, the ecclesiastical province covers only the former territory of Lower Canada (i.e., southern and eastern Quebec), the Maritimes, and Newfoundland and Labrador. It once also included Upper Canada (Ontario), which was split off as the Ecclesiastical Province of Ontario in 1911.^[1] The province comprises seven dioceses:

Montreal (within the secular Canadian province of Quebec)
Quebec (whose borders are consistent with Lower Canada outside Montreal)
Fredericton (New Brunswick)
Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island (Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island)
Western Newfoundland (Newfoundland and Labrador)
Central Newfoundland (Newfoundland and Labrador)
Eastern Newfoundland and Labrador (Newfoundland and Labrador)

A metropolitan, elected from among the province's diocesan bishops, heads each province of the Anglican Church of Canada. On election, this bishop then becomes archbishop of his or her diocese and metropolitan of the province. David Edwards, the Bishop of Fredericton, became the metropolitan of the Province of Canada in 2020.

From 1861 until 1870 the Bishop of Montreal served as metropolitan over the four dioceses of the then Province of Canada (i.e., Upper and Lower Canada – modern Ontario and Quebec). The province expanded in 1870 and 1871 to include New Brunswick and Nova Scotia.^[2] After 1878 the role of metropolitan of the province of Canada became one elected from among the diocesan bishops of the province.^[3]

Metropolitans of Canada

Order	Name	Diocese	Dates	Notes
1st	Francis Fulford	Bishop of Montreal	1861–1868
2nd	Ashton Oxenden	Bishop of Montreal	1869–1878
3rd	John Medley	Bishop of Fredericton	1879–1892
4th	John Lewis	Archbishop of Ontario	1893–1900
5th	William Bond	Archbishop of Montreal	1901–1906	Primate of All Canada, 1904–1906
6th	Arthur Sweatman	Archbishop of Toronto	1907–1909
7th	Charles Hamilton	Archbishop of Ottawa	1909–1912
8th	Clarendon Worrell	Archbishop of Nova Scotia	1915–1934	Primate of All Canada, 1931–1934
9th	John Richardson	Archbishop of Fredericton	1934–1938
10th	John Hackenley	Archbishop of Nova Scotia	1939–1943
11th	Philip Carrington	Archbishop of Quebec	1944–1960
12th	John Dixon	Archbishop of Montreal	1960–1962
13th	Henry O'Neil	Archbishop of Fredericton	1963–1972
14th	William Davis	Archbishop of Nova Scotia	1972–1975
15th	Robert Seaborn	Archbishop of Newfoundland (later Archbishop of Eastern Newfoundland and Labrador)	1975–1980
16th	Harold Nutter	Archbishop of Fredericton	1980–1989
17th	Reginald Hollis	Archbishop of Montreal	1989–1990
18th	Stewart Payne	Archbishop of Western Newfoundland	1990–1997
19th	Arthur Peters	Archbishop of Nova Scotia	1997–2002
20th	Andrew Hutchison	Archbishop of Montreal	2002–2004	Primate of the Anglican Church of Canada, 2004–2007
21st	Bruce Stavert	Archbishop of Quebec	2004–2009
22nd	Claude Miller	Archbishop of Fredericton	2009–2014
23rd	Percy Coffin	Archbishop of Western Newfoundland	2014–2017
24th	Ronald Cutler	Archbishop of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island	2017–2020
25th	David Edwards	Archbishop of Fredericton	2020–present