PROFILPELAJAR.COM

Eben Alexander III
Eben Alexander III
Born	December 11, 1953 (age 71); Charlotte, North Carolina, U.S.
Alma mater	University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ; (A.B., 1975) ; Duke University School of Medicine ; (M.D., 1980)
Occupation(s)	Writer, neurosurgeon
Website	www.ebenalexander.com

Eben Alexander III (born December 11, 1953) is an American neurosurgeon and author. In 2008, he went under a medically-induced coma while being treated for meningitis. His book Proof of Heaven: A Neurosurgeon's Journey into the Afterlife (2012) describes his near-death experience while in the coma.^[1] He asserts that the coma resulted in brain death, that consciousness is not only a product of the brain and that it can go on to an afterlife.^[2]

Early life and education

Alexander was born in Charlotte, North Carolina.^[3] He was adopted by Eben Alexander Jr and his wife Elizabeth West Alexander and raised in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, with three siblings.^[4]^[5] He attended Phillips Exeter Academy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (A.B., 1975), and the Duke University School of Medicine (M.D., 1980).^[1]

Medical career

Alexander has taught and had appointments at Duke University Medical Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, University of Massachusetts Medical School, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana–Farber Cancer Institute et al.^[1]

While practicing medicine in Lynchburg at the Lynchburg General Hospital, Alexander was reprimanded by the Virginia Board of Medicine for performing surgery incorrectly. In 2007, twice within a month, he operated on the wrong segment of patients’ spinal column. In one of the cases, Alexander did not initially reveal his mistake as he believed the surgery had been beneficial; even though it wasn't the intended operation. He was sued by the patient for damages totalling $3 million in August 2008. The case was dismissed by the plaintiff in 2009 without comment from an attorney. Due to these mistakes, Alexander temporarily lost his privileges at the hospital and was forced to pay a $3,500 fine to the Virginia Board of Medicine. Alexander completed ethics and professionalism training to maintain an unrestricted medical license in the state.^[6]

By 2008, Alexander was clinical director of the Brain Program at the Focused Ultrasound Foundation in Charlottesville.^[7]

Near-death experience

In November 2008, Alexander was suffering from bacterial meningitis inflaming his brain and spinal cord.^[8] He was flailing and in seizure, therefore the doctors put him into a medically-induced coma for his own safety.^[1]

Writing career

Proof of Heaven

Alexander authored Proof of Heaven: A Neurosurgeon's Journey into the Afterlife in 2012. The book expounds on his near-death experience while suffering from a bacterial meningitis and under a medically induced coma. Alexander describes how the experience changed his perceptions of life and the afterlife.

The book was a commercial success but also was the subject of scientific criticism in relation to misconceptions about neurology, such as conflating medically induced coma with brain death.^[1]^[9]^[10] A 2013 article in Esquire magazine refuted claims made in the book.^[1]^[9] The doctor who treated Alexander stated that certain details cannot be true, such as claims Alexander made about speaking clearly at times he would have been intubated.^{[citation needed]} The Esquire article also reported that Alexander had been terminated or suspended from multiple hospital positions, and had been the subject of several malpractice lawsuits and that he settled five malpractice suits in Virginia within a period of ten years.^[1]^[11]

Among the discrepancies, was that Alexander had written the cause of his coma was bacterial meningitis, despite his doctor telling the reporter that he had been conscious and hallucinating before being placed in a medically induced coma.^[1]^[12] In a statement responding to the criticism, Alexander maintained that his representation of the experience was truthful and that he believed in the message contained in his book. He also claimed that the Esquire article "cherry-picked" information about his past to discredit his accounts of the event.^[12]

Proof of Heaven was also criticized by scientists, including Sam Harris who described Alexander's NDE account on his blog as "alarmingly unscientific", and that claims of experiencing visions while his cerebral cortex was shut down demonstrated a failure to acknowledge existing brain science with little evidence prove otherwise.^[13] Neurologist and writer Oliver Sacks agreed with Harris, and argued that Alexander had failed to recognize that the experience could have been the result of his cortex returning to full function at the outset of his coma, rather than a supernatural experience.^[14] In 2012 Alexander responded to critics in a second Newsweek article,^[15] where he said that he vividly remembers having periods of hallucination and explains that there was a massive difference between them and his 'fully immersive' visions of the afterlife. Alexander describes the hallucinations in his book, saying that they were disjointed and centred around both random events and his doctors. He then compares them to the "hyper-real" experience of the afterlife, and says they do not match up. He also made a prediction in his book that secular critics, which included himself before his coma, would attempt to discredit him and his experience without looking into it properly.

Alexander presented related lectures around the world in churches, hospitals, medical schools, and academic symposia, besides appearing on TV shows including Super Soul Sunday with Oprah Winfrey.^[16]^[17] Alexander has also expanded on his NDE in the Congress of Neurological Surgeons^[18] and the peer-reviewed Journal of the Missouri State Medical Association.^[19]^[20] Proof of Heaven was included on The New York Times Best Seller list for 97 weeks.^[21]

The Map of Heaven

Alexander's second book, The Map of Heaven: How Science, Religion, and Ordinary People Are Proving the Afterlife, was published in October 2014, where he again asserted the existence of an afterlife and that consciousness is independent of the brain. Alexander framed his observations with quotations from spiritual teachers and paired them with the recent work of scientists with the aim of bridging religion and science.^[22] He cross-referenced spiritual experiences from readers and different religions to build his case on what heaven looked like.^[22] The Map of Heaven was number 12 on the New York Times bestseller list during the week ending November 2, 2014.^[23]

Living in a Mindful Universe

Alexander's third book, Living in a Mindful Universe: A Neurosurgeon's Journey into the Heart of Consciousness, was coauthored with Karen Newell, cofounder of Sacred Acoustics and published in 2017.

Personal life

In 2000, Alexander located his birth parents but he was initially informed that his birth mother did not then wish to meet with him.^[24] Later on his birth mother changed her mind and agreed to meet with him. In 2007, Alexander was finally able to meet with both his birth parents and his birth siblings.^[25]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Dittrich, Luke (August 2013). "The Prophet: An Investigation of Eben Alexander, Author of the Blockbuster "Proof of Heaven"". Esquire. New York City: Hearst Communications, Inc. pp. 88–95, 125–126, 128. Page 95: "On August 6, 2008, the patient filed a $3 million lawsuit against Alexander, accusing him of negligence, battery, spoliation, and fraud. The purported cover-up, the changes Alexander had made to the surgical report, was a major aspect of the suit. Once again, a lawyer was accusing Alexander of altering the historical record when the historical record didn't fit the story he wanted to tell."
^ https://www.npr.org/2014/05/14/310719887/debate-is-death-final
^ Burkhart, Jesse (December 5, 2012). "Best-seller 'Proof of Heaven' author remembers Winston-Salem roots". Winston-Salem Journal. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
^ "Renowned Neurosurgeon Eben Alexander Dies at 91". Archived from the original on August 25, 2018. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
^ Washburn, Mark. "'Proof of Heaven' author discusses his adoption at the Westin uptown". The Charlotte Observer. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
^ Thompson, Dave (July 28, 2013). "Neurosurgeon reprimanded by state board". The News & Advance. Archived from the original on February 15, 2020. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
^ storyware (August 22, 2009). "Landmark Progress in Noninvasive Treatment of Brain Disorders". Focused Ultrasound Foundation. Retrieved December 7, 2023.
^ "To Do No Harm | Magazine | The Harvard Crimson". www.thecrimson.com. Retrieved December 7, 2023.
^ ^a ^b Harris, Sam (October 12, 2012). "This Must Be Heaven". Retrieved May 26, 2018.
^ Sacks, Oliver, "Seeing God in the Third Millennium", The Atlantic Monthly (December 12, 2012).
^ Jarrett, Christian (December 27, 2013). "Butterfly-riding Neurosurgeon Hits Turbulence". Wired. Retrieved June 27, 2020.
^ ^a ^b Jeff Bercovici. "Esquire Unearths 'Proof of Heaven' Author's Credibility Problems". Forbes. Retrieved July 13, 2013.
^ Harris, Sam (October 12, 2012). "This Must Be Heaven". Retrieved May 26, 2018.
^ Sacks, Oliver, "Seeing God in the Third Millennium", The Atlantic Monthly (December 12, 2012).
^ Eben Alexander (November 18, 2012). "The Science of Heaven". Newsweek. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
^ Ingrid Peschke (October 24, 2013). "Dr. Eben Alexander Says It's Time for Brain Science to Graduate From Kindergarten". Huffington Post. Retrieved June 14, 2014.
^ "Dr. Eben Alexander Shares What God Looks Like". OWN TV. Retrieved June 14, 2014.
^ Alexander, Eben (April 15, 2016). "Becoming Conscious: A Neurosurgeon Discusses his Transformational Experience". Congress of Neurological Surgeons (Spring 2016).
^ Alexander, Eben (2015). "Near Death Experiences, the Mind-Body Debate & the Nature of Reality". The Journal of the Missouri State Medical Association. 112 (January/February 2015): 17–21. PMC 6170087. PMID 25812265.
^ Alexander, Eben (2015). "Near Death Experiences: The Last Word". The Journal of the Missouri State Medical Association. 112 (July/August 2015): 275–282. PMC 6170063. PMID 26455057.
^ "Best Sellers". Paperback Nonfiction. The New York Times. September 21, 2014. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved October 1, 2014.
^ ^a ^b Pearson, Patricia (October 8, 2014). "Eben Alexander Has a GPS for Heaven". The Daily Beast. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
^ "New York Times". New York Times. November 2, 2014.
^ Burkhart, Jesse (December 5, 2012). "Best-Seller 'Proof of Heaven' Author Remembers Winston-Salem Roots". Journalnow.com (Winston-Salem Journal).
^ Washburn, Mark. "'Proof of Heaven' Author Discusses His Adoption at the Westin Uptown". Charlotte Observer.com.