"Drome" redirects here. For the 1952 novel by John Martin Leahy, see Drome (novel). For the locality in Western Australia, see Drome, Western Australia.
Saint-Vallier in Drôme was the birthplace of one of France's most famous courtesans, the noble-born Diane de Poitiers (1499–1566), long-term mistress of King Henri II (1519–1559).
The French National Constituent Assembly set up Drôme as one of the original 83 departments of France on March 4, 1790, during the French Revolution. The territory formed part of the former French province of Dauphiné. The original Drôme department contained the exclave of Orange, which was also part of the former province of Dauphiné. In 1792, following the annexation of Comtat Venaissin, Drôme acquired the newly created district of Carpentras while Orange was ceded to Bouches du Rhône. In 1793, the district of Carpentras was ceded to the newly formed department of Vaucluse, giving the Drôme its modern-day borders.
The boundaries of the department have changed several times with the incorporation of the Comtat Venaissin in 1792 and the creation of the Vaucluse department in 1793. Drôme surrounds an exclave of the Vaucluse department, the Canton of Valréas (Enclave des Papes).
The Drôme department is in a zone of transition between the oceanic climate of Lyon, the continental climate to the north and the Mediterranean climate of Provence to the south. In the Rhône valley, the meeting of the mild humid southern Mediterranean air masses with the colder northern air mass sometimes causes particularly violent thunderstorms and snowstorms.
In the northern hills near Tain-l'Hermitage (15 km north of Valence), the climate is a mixture of oceanic and semi-continental climates. Rainfall occurs throughout the year with the most falling in spring and autumn. The summers are moderated by storms and the mistral does not blow hard. Saint-Donat-sur-l'Herbasse has a moderate temperature of 3 °C in January and 21 °C in July due to the Lyonnic climate, where more precipitation falls in summer than winter.
The influence of the mountains is evident in the east. In the Vercors Plateau, the mountain climate is wet due to the oceanic influences from the north. The average annual temperature at Lus la Croix Haute at altitude 1061m is 7.3 °C and the annual rainfall is 1,051 mm (41.4 in). The Diois (southern Vercors) and the Baronnies are dry regions due to the Mediterranean climate. The mistral is less influential here and this region has minimal rainfall. The lowest temperatures in January at Nyons is 0.3 °C but 1.4 °C at Pierrelatte.
The Valence plane is a transition zone between the Mediterranean influence and the northern cold climate. Summers are warmer than in the northern regions, and the increase in sunlight and heat is evident upon the appearance of Mediterranean vegetation in the region. The temperatures are moderate between Lyon and Montélimar. Valence's average temperature in January is 3.8 °C and 22 °C in July. The mistral here blows harder.
From Montélimar, the climate can be considered to be that of a Mediterranean climate. Near the highway, the change of vegetation is particularly visible near the stream at Donzère, particularly due to the change of the soil profile. The most southern part of the department clearly exhibits a Méso-Mediterranean climate with the reinforcement of the mistral and a hotter summer due to the rarity of storms. Most rainfall occurs in autumn and the winters are milder than the rest of the Drôme. Pierrelatte has an average temperature of 5 °C in January and 23 °C in July.
Demographics
The inhabitants of the department are called Drômois.
Historical population
Year
Pop.
±% p.a.
1791
246,687
—
1801
235,357
−0.47%
1806
253,502
+1.50%
1821
273,511
+0.51%
1831
299,556
+0.91%
1841
311,551
+0.39%
1851
326,846
+0.48%
1861
326,684
−0.00%
1872
320,417
−0.18%
1881
313,763
−0.23%
1891
306,419
−0.24%
1901
297,321
−0.30%
1911
290,894
−0.22%
1921
263,509
−0.98%
Year
Pop.
±% p.a.
1931
267,080
+0.13%
1936
267,281
+0.02%
1946
268,233
+0.04%
1954
275,280
+0.32%
1962
304,227
+1.26%
1968
342,891
+2.01%
1975
361,847
+0.77%
1982
389,781
+1.07%
1990
414,072
+0.76%
1999
437,778
+0.62%
2006
468,367
+0.97%
2011
487,993
+0.82%
2016
508,006
+0.81%
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
The most populous commune, home to about 1/8 of the department's population, is Valence, the prefecture. As of 2019, there are six communes with more than 10,000 inhabitants:[3]
Most of the economic activity of the Drôme department is located in the west of the department, along the Rhône valley. This area which contains most of the population of the department, also has accessible transportation, such as the A7 autoroute and the rail routes LGV Rhône-Alpes and LGV Méditerranée. Economic activity in Valence was boosted by the creation of the Valence TGV line in 2001.
Statistics
Total employment (2004): 158 930 (about 10.6% is self-employed)
Unemployment rate (2006): 9.9%
Jobs per sector of activity (2005)
Agriculture: 6.0%
Industry: 20.4%
BTP: 6.8%
Commerce: 15.0%
Services: 51.8%
Qualification of Jobs (1999)
Farmers: 4.0%
CEO: 7.8%
Executives: 9.6%
Technicians and associate professionals: 23.0%
Employees: 27.2%
Labourers: 28.5%
Average annual salary (2004)
CEO: €53 113
Executives: €39 265
Technicians and associate professionals: €22 927
Employees: €15 688
Labourers: €16 344
Apprentices and labourers : €7 498
Tourism
The Drôme benefits from an excellent image in the view of tourists. Attendance has grown steadily (+4% between 2006 and 2007), faster than the neighbouring departments of Ardèche and the Vaucluse (+1%).
Number of overnight stays in 2022: 12.8 million[6]
in winter: skiing, cross-country skiing, snow-shoeing
in summer: excursions, mountain biking in the mountainous area
The Drôme River is also a great place to practice canoëing and kayaking. In the spring the water flow allows for rafting. The Saoü Forest is known for its climbing paths.
