Dragomir Hurmuzescu

Dragomir Hurmuzescu
Dragomir Hurmuzescu -- founder of electrotechnics
Born(1865-03-13)March 13, 1865
DiedMay 31, 1954(1954-05-31) (aged 89)
Resting placeBellu Cemetery
CitizenshipRomania
Scientific career
FieldsPhysicist
Inventor
Teacher
Institutions

Dragomir M. Hurmuzescu (13 March 1865, in Bucharest – 31 May 1954, in Bucharest) was a Romanian physicist and inventor, teacher at the University of Iași and the University of Bucharest, and a correspondent member at the Romanian Academy.[1]

He is the founder of the electrotechnics science in Romania and a scientific collaborator of Marie and Pierre Curie.

Biography

Early years

He went to primary school on Polonă Street, in Sector 1 of Bucharest. His secondary school studies were at the Matei Basarab and Saint Sava high schools. During high school, due to financial shortcomings, he had to financially support his family and started to teach French to children from wealthy families.

After graduating from high school, he volunteered in the 4th Vânători Battalion. He moved to Upper Normal School, where he received a scholarship for physics at the Faculty of Sciences at the University of Bucharest. In 1887, at 22 years of age, he graduated from the Physics and Mathematics Department and went to Paris to pursue the Ph.D. studies at the University of Paris.

Doctoral studies

While in Paris, Hurmuzescu met important European physicists like Joseph Bertrand and Gabriel Lippmann. In 1894, in preparation for his thesis, guided by his teacher, the Romanian scientist invented an insulator made up of a mixture of sulfur and paraffin used in the construction of electroscopes and named it "dielectrine". He began to publish his works in magazines such as the "Bulletin of the Société Française de Physique" and the "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences".

Shortly after the discovery of X-rays by Roentgen (1895), Hurmuzescu announced with Louis Benoist the discovery for the first time of the ionization effect produced by X-ray radiations on electrified gases and bodies. This effect is highlighted and measured with a device created by Hurmuzescu - the electroscope that bears his name.

On April 28, 1896, Dragomir Hurmuzescu defended his doctoral thesis, titled "Sur une nouvele détermination du rapport V entre les été électrostatiques et électromagnétiques", which included one of the most accurate measurements for the speed of light.

Teaching years

In 1896, after obtaining his doctorate degree, Hurmuzescu returned to Romania and was appointed lecturer at the Department of Mathematical Physics from the University of Iași. A year later, he took over, as a substitute professor, the Department of Gravity, Heat and Electricity, within the same faculty.

In 1903, Henri Becquerel used the Hurmuzescu electroscope in Nobel Prize-awarded radioactivity research.

In December 1904, Dragomir Hurmuzescu received the post of secretary general at the Ministry of Public Instruction and Cults, a political post in the new government. The idea for accepting such a political appointment was that it was the only way to finance the development of education in a form as it had been seen in the West. From this position, Hurmuzescu sought ways to establish a more effective experimental education in physio-chemical sciences.

In 1909, following years of preparation supervised by Dragomir Hurmuzescu, the courses of the School of Electricity at the University of Iași, the first electrotechnical school in the country, were opened.

Between 1910 and 1911, the researcher supported and published a number of scientific papers on X-rays, research of radioactivity of mineral, and mineral waters in Romania, and on the improvement of galvanometers. In 1913, he was transferred to Bucharest, where he was appointed director of the Electrotechnical Institute.

In 1916, he was elected a correspondent member of the Romanian Academy of Sciences, and in 1932, he was elected a Honorary Member of the French Electricians Society.

In 1926, Hurmuzescu established in Bucharest the first radio broadcasting station in Romania. At the same time, he made his first attempts at wireless telegraphy transmission. On November 1, 1928, the first radio signal was heard from Romania, featuring Hurmuzescu. He was also elected chairman of the Board of Directors at the Romanian Radio Broadcasting Company. In 1934, the first Romanian Science Congress was organized under Hurmuzescu in Bucharest.

He retired in 1937 and died in 1954, aged 89. He was buried in Bucharest's Bellu Cemetery.[2] A street in the city's Sector 5 is named after him.

References

  1. ^ Membrii Academiei Române din 1866 până în prezent at the Romanian Academy site
  2. ^ Budișteanu, Alexandru (March 11, 2015). "150 de ani de la nașterea savantului Dragomir Hurmuzescu (1865–1954)". www.art-emis.ro (in Romanian). Retrieved December 15, 2022.

External references

Read other articles:

Katedral LucenaKatedral Santo FerdinandusFilipino: Parokyang Katedral ni San Fernandocode: fil is deprecated Spanyol: Parroquia Catedral de San Fernandocode: es is deprecated Katedral LucenaKatedral LucenaTampilkan peta LuzonKatedral LucenaTampilkan peta Filipina13°56′09″N 121°36′44″E / 13.93597°N 121.61222°E / 13.93597; 121.61222Koordinat: 13°56′09″N 121°36′44″E / 13.93597°N 121.61222°E / 13.93597; 121.61222LokasiLucena,...

 

منتخب البحرين تحت 20 سنة لكرة القدم معلومات عامة بلد الرياضة البحرين  الفئة كرة قدم تحت 20 سنة للرجال  [لغات أخرى]‏  رمز الفيفا BHR الاتحاد اتحاد البحرين لكرة القدم كونفدرالية الاتحاد الآسيوي لكرة القدم (آسيا) كونفدرالية فرعية اتحاد غرب آسيا لكرة القدم (غرب آسيا) ا�...

 

العلاقات الأندورية اليمنية أندورا اليمن   أندورا   اليمن تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الأندورية اليمنية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين أندورا واليمن.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وجه المقارنة أندورا ...

United States historic placeHaviland-Davison Grist MillU.S. National Register of Historic Places The mill as seen from the corner of Woods and Denton AvenuesShow map of New YorkShow map of the United StatesLocationJct. of Woods and Denton Aves., East Rockaway, New YorkCoordinates40°38′47″N 73°39′49″W / 40.64639°N 73.66361°W / 40.64639; -73.66361Arealess than one acreBuiltca. 1689Architectural styleColonialNRHP reference No.98000352[1]...

 

Rapallo commune di Italia Tempat Negara berdaulatItaliaRegion di ItaliaLiguriaKota metropolitan di ItaliaMetropolitan City of Genoa NegaraItalia Ibu kotaRapallo PendudukTotal29.103  (2023 )GeografiLuas wilayah33,61 km² [convert: unit tak dikenal]Ketinggian3 m Berbatasan denganAvegno (en) Camogli (en) Cicagna (en) Recco (en) San Colombano Certenoli (en) Santa Margherita Ligure (en) Tribogna (en) Zoagli (en) Coreglia Ligure (en) Informasi tambahanKode pos16035 Zona waktuUTC+1 UTC+2 K...

 

Istilah siluman dipakai di Wikipedia Indonesia sebagai padanan sockpuppet. Untuk kebijakan pengguna siluman di Wikipedia, lihat Wikipedia:Pengguna siluman. Siluman serigala Siluman dalam berbagai cerita rakyat adalah makhluk halus yang tinggal dalam komunitas dan menempati suatu tempat. Mereka melakukan aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari layaknya manusia biasa. Mereka juga mengenal peradaban. Siluman juga dapat berasal dari manusia biasa yang kemudian meninggalkan alam kasar atau setelah orang m...

43°44′4.74″N 7°25′16.8″E / 43.7346500°N 7.421333°E / 43.7346500; 7.421333 1962 Monaco Grand Prix Race detailsDate 3 June 1962Official name XX Grand Prix de MonacoLocation Circuit de MonacoMonte CarloCourse Temporary street circuitCourse length 3.145 km (1.954 miles)Distance 100 laps, 314.500 km (195.421 miles)Weather CloudyPole positionDriver Jim Clark Lotus-ClimaxTime 1:35.4Fastest lapDriver Jim Clark Lotus-ClimaxTime 1:35.5 on lap 42PodiumFirst Bruce McL...

 

Church in Milan Basilica of Saint Vincent in Prato(Basilica Prepositurale di San Vincenzo in Prato)Façade of the church.ReligionAffiliationRoman CatholicProvinceMilanEcclesiastical or organizational statusNational monumentYear consecrated900StatusActiveLocationLocationMilan, ItalyGeographic coordinates45°27′28″N 9°10′26″E / 45.457665°N 9.173869°E / 45.457665; 9.173869ArchitectureTypeChurchStylePalaeo-ChristianWebsiteSito ufficiale della Parrocchia The basi...

 

この項目には、一部のコンピュータや閲覧ソフトで表示できない文字(Microsoftコードページ932(はしご高))が含まれています(詳細)。 2024年11月(霜月) 日 月 火 水 木 金 土 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 日付の一覧 各月 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 11月7日(じゅういちがつなのか)は、グレゴリオ暦で年始から311日目(閏年では312日目)に�...

У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Луангпхабанг. КоролевствоЛуангпхабанглаос. ຫລວງພະບາງ Флаг ←   → 1713 — 1946 Столица Луангпхабанг Язык(и) Лаосский язык Официальный язык лаосский язык Религия Буддизм Население 150 000 (середина XIX в.) Форма правле...

 

Anarchism Project‑class Anarchism portalThis page is within the scope of WikiProject Anarchism, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of anarchism on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion and see a list of open tasks.AnarchismWikipedia:WikiProject AnarchismTemplate:WikiProject Anarchismanarchism articlesProjectThis page does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment scale.  Anarchism WikiProject o...

 

Spurline TrailView looking south on the trail just to the north of Ferdinand Avenue.Length2.4 km (1.5 mi)LocationWaterloo and Kitchener, Ontario, CanadaEstablished2016TrailheadsWaterloo: Laurel Trail near Waterloo City HallKitchener: Ahrens Street WestUse Walking cycling SurfaceAsphaltRight of wayCN Waterloo SpurMaintained byCity of KitchenerCity of Waterloo The Spurline Trail is a multi-use urban rail with trail which connects the cities of Waterloo and Kitchener, Ontario, Canada. ...

Diagnostic test for a SARS-CoV-2 infection COVID-19 rapid antigen testNegative (left, showing Control line) and positive (right, showing Control and Test lines) resultsSynonymsSARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 antigen test, rapid antigen detection test (RADT), lateral flow test (LFT), lateral flow device (LFD), antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic test (Ag-RDT), antigen rapid diagnostic test (Antigen-RDT), point of care (POC) test, rapid test[a]PurposeTo diagnose SARS-CoV-2 infections (COVID-19)LO...

 

William A. WellmanSutradara drama William A. Wellman. Gambar bertanda tangan 1937LahirWilliam Augustus Wellman(1896-02-29)29 Februari 1896Brookline, Massachusetts, ASMeninggal9 Desember 1975(1975-12-09) (umur 79)Los Angeles, California, ASPekerjaanSutradara, PemeranTahun aktif1919–1958Suami/istriHelene Chadwick(1918–1923, bercerai)Margery Chapin(1925–1926, bercerai)Marjorie Crawford(1931–1933, bercerai)Dorothy Coonan (1934–1975, kematiannya) William Augustus Wellman (29 F...

 

Cari artikel bahasa  Cari berdasarkan kode ISO 639 (Uji coba)   Cari berdasarkan nilai Glottolog   Kolom pencarian ini hanya didukung oleh beberapa antarmuka Halaman rumpun acak Rumpun bahasaInuitPersebaranAlaska, Nunavut, Northwest Territories (Wilayah Permukiman Inuvialuit), Quebec (Nunavik), Labrador (Nunatsiavut, NunatuKavut), GreenlandPenggolongan bahasaEskimo-AleutEskimoInuit Greenlandic Inuinnaqtun Inuktitut Inupiatun (Inupiat) Inuvialuktun Aspek ketatabahasaanTipologiba...

Paul Blart: Mall CopPoster resmiSutradaraSteve CarrProduserAdam SandlerKevin JamesBarry BernardiDitulis olehKevin JamesNick BakayPemeranKevin JamesPenata musikWaddy WachtelSinematograferRuss T. AlsobrookPenyuntingJeff FreemanPerusahaanproduksiHappy Madison ProductionsRelativity MediaDistributorColumbia PicturesTanggal rilis 16 Januari 2009 (2009-01-16) Durasi91 Menit[1]NegaraAmerika SerikatBahasaInggrisAnggaran$26 Juta[2]Pendapatankotor$183.3 Juta[3] Paul Bl...

 

Cuban-American musician Al JourgensenJourgensen performing with Ministry in West Palm Beach, Florida in 2023.Background informationBirth nameAlejandro Ramírez CasasAlso known asThe Alien, Alien Jourgensen, Alain Jourgensen, Hypo Luxa, Dog, Alien Dog Star, Buck Satan, Buck Santa, Uncle Al, Enchanted Al, Al F***-ing JourgensenBorn (1958-10-09) October 9, 1958 (age 65)Havana, CubaGenres Industrial metal[1][2] industrial rock[3] synthpop (early)[4] new&#...

 

Wakil Bupati BulelengSinga ambara rajaPetahanadr. I Nyoman Sutjidra, Sp.OG.sejak 27 Agustus 2017Masa jabatan5 tahunDibentuk2002Pejabat pertamaI Gede WardanaSitus webbulelengkab.go.id Berikut ini adalah daftar Wakil Bupati Buleleng dari masa ke masa. No Wakil Bupati Mulai Jabatan Akhir Jabatan Prd. Ket. Bupati 1 Drs.I Gede WardanaM.Si. 2002 11 Mei 2007 1   Putu Bagiada Jabatan kosong 11 Mei 2007 24 Juli 2007   Drs.I Gede WardanaM.Si. 2 Made Arga Pynatih 24 Juli 2007 24 Juli 2012...

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Campagne ou guerre d'Italie. Front italien (1915-18) Troupes italiennes sur le front. Informations générales Date 23 mai 1915 - 4 novembre 1918(3 ans, 5 mois et 12 jours) Traités de paix Traité de Saint-Germain-en-Laye le 10 septembre 1919Traité de Trianon le 4 juin 1920 Lieu Alpes orientales, Vénétie Issue Victoire Italienne Armistice de Villa Giusti Chute de l'Autriche-Hongrie Naissance du fascisme italien Changements territoriaux L'I...

 

Organic-rich fine-grained sedimentary rock containing kerogen For the scientific-technical journal, see Oil Shale (journal). Not to be confused with Shale oil or Tight oil. Oil shaleSedimentary rockCombustion of oil shaleCompositionPrimaryKerogenQuartzFeldsparClayCarbonatePyriteSecondaryUraniumIronVanadiumNickelMolybdenum Oil shale is an organic-rich fine-grained sedimentary rock containing kerogen (a solid mixture of organic chemical compounds) from which liquid hydrocarbons can be produced....