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Draft:Cryptpad

CryptPad is an open-source, end-to-end encrypted collaborative office suite that allows users to create and edit documents, spreadsheets, presentations and forms in real time.[1] Developed by the French company XWiki SAS, CryptPad is designed as a privacy-focused alternative to other mainstream office suites.[2]

Development began in 2015, and CryptPad launched to the public as a standalone service three years later, in 2018.

CryptPad is free and open-source software licensed under the GNU Affero General Public License version 3. It can be used through the main instance hosted at cryptpad.fr, which offers free and paid tiers, or self-hosted on a private server.[1]

History

  • 2015: Initial development began as part of XWiki's research into privacy-focused collaboration tools.
  • 2018: CryptPad officially launched as a standalone service.
  • 2019: The project received funding from the Next Generation Internet Zero (NGI0) initiative by the European Commission,[3] which it used to add team and group management features, encrypted shared folders with permission visibility, key-rotation protocols for removing members, and encrypted mailboxes for delivering new keys and notifications.[4]
  • 2021: Introduction of Documents and Presentation apps integrated from OnlyOffice, for the client-side code.[5] Other grant-funded projects completed that year included Secure Mobile Collaboration, funded by the Next Generation Internet (NGI) Trust; CryptPad for Communities, which improved self-hosted deployment and administration tools and was funded by NLnet; and load-time performance improvements, funded by the Mozilla Open Source Seed Award.[6]
  • 2022: Continuation of development with new features such as encrypted file storage and offline mode.[1]
  • 2024: The funding by NGI0 ended, with the cryptographic improvements having met the requirements.[4][3]
  • 2025: The United Nations adopted CryptPad instead of Google Forms.[7][8] CryptPad was selected in the seventh round of funding by NGI Zero Commons.

Features

CryptPad includes rich text documents, spreadsheets, kanban boards, whiteboards, presentations, polls, forms and code editors.[9] It is accessed through a web browser and requires an internet connection.

Real-time simultaneous editing

All applications in CryptPad support simultaneous editing, allowing multiple users to work on the same document in real time. Changes are synchronized using the ChainPad engine, which ensures consistency without exposing plaintext data to the server.[10]

Security and encryption

All content is encrypted on the client before being sent to the server, using XChaCha20-Poly1305. Because the server does not have the encryption keys, it cannot decrypt the data it stores. It is therefore a zero-knowledge system, as encryption and decryption occur only on the user's device, not on the service provider's servers.[11] On the CryptPad drive, the server only sees encrypted filenames and cannot read file content or filenames.[1] No account is required to create a document. Registered users can protect a document with a password or set an expiry date after which it is automatically deleted.

Teams

Documents can be private, public or shared with a team. The team feature allows a group of people to access a shared folder containing documents, spreadsheets, images and other files. Each user in a team is assigned the role of administrator, contributor or viewer. On the cryptpad.fr instance, users on the free plan can belong to up to five teams.[4]

As free software, CryptPad can be deployed on any server without licensing fees, either through the CryptPad-hosted platform or self-hosted.[1][11] Users and developers can modify and redistribute it.[1]

Privacy

Unlike several other proprietary suites, CryptPad does not collect users' IP addresses, and encrypts all files and user data.[12]

Technology

It is built using javascript on both the frontend and the backend (Node.js). It uses the NoFlo flow-based programming framework and ChainPad is the real-time synchronization engine.

Files are encrypted using the XChaCha20-Poly1305 encryption algorithm, and user authentication is handled via Ed25519 cryptographic signatures. The encryption keys are stored on the user's device.[13]

The document, presentation and spreadsheet features integrate OnlyOffice's client-side code, without using OnlyOffice's document server. CryptPad uses this integration for file conversion, and development has shifted this processing from the server to the client so that document contents are not exposed during conversion.[14]

Business model and sustainability

By 2021, most of the funding came from the Next Generation Internet program by the European Union.[6]

In 2025, Ludovic Dubost, founder and CEO of XWiki, said that about 20% of CryptPad's funding came from CryptPad.fr subscriptions and donations, but that this was not enough for the service to be sustainable.[7]

Reception

CryptPad was recommended by privacy advocates and open-source communities for its strong encryption model. It is used by journalists, activists, and organizations requiring secure collaboration.[15] It has been adopted by decentralization proponents in events such as the DWeb Camp gathering.[16]

In 2020, a reviewer for It's FOSS noted that users with poor connectivity could lose progress due to auto-save failures, but identified the site's main advantages as its privacy-first approach, open-source licensing, strong encryption and user ownership of data.[17]

In 2025, the United Nations, as part of the UN Open Source Principles initiative, adopted CryptPad, becoming the first global intergovernmental organization to do so.[18][19]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Singh, Anurag (2025-04-30). "5 reasons why I use CryptPad instead of Google Docs". XDA. Retrieved 2025-09-02.
  2. ^ "Document Collaboration - Privacy Guides". www.privacyguides.org. Retrieved 2025-04-05.
  3. ^ a b "CryptPad on how it balances accessibility and privacy for secure digital collaboration". www.apc.org. 2024-07-17. Retrieved 2025-04-05.
  4. ^ a b c "NLnet; CryptPad". web.archive.org. 2026-04-13. Archived from the original on 2026-04-13. Retrieved 2026-04-13.
  5. ^ CryptoNinjas (2021-10-20). "Encrypted office suite CryptPad introduces 'Document' and 'Presentation' apps". CryptoNinjas. Retrieved 2025-09-02.
  6. ^ a b Pantiru, Paul. "CryptPad in 2021: an overview". xwiki.com. Retrieved 2026-04-13.
  7. ^ a b Cafiero, Larry (2025-04-30). "UN Gives the Encrypted Open-Source Office Suite CryptPad a Try". FOSS Force. Retrieved 2026-04-12.
  8. ^ "UN Drops Google for CryptPad, an Encrypted Open-Source Office Suite". Linux Today. Retrieved 2026-04-12.
  9. ^ Singh, Anurag (2025-04-30). "5 reasons why I use CryptPad instead of Google Docs". XDA. Retrieved 2025-09-02.
  10. ^ "ChainPad and Listmap — CryptPad 2025.6.0 documentation". docs.cryptpad.org. Retrieved 2025-09-02.
  11. ^ a b Red, Ramces (2023-02-07). "How to Create Your Own Self-Hosted Office 365 with CryptPad". Make Tech Easier. Retrieved 2025-09-02.
  12. ^ "UN Ditches Google for Taking Form Submissions, Opts for an Open Source Solution Instead". It's FOSS. 2025-05-02. Retrieved 2026-07-09.
  13. ^ "The Encrypted Collaboration Suite" (PDF). conf42.github.io. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2025-01-26. Retrieved 2026-04-13.
  14. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions — CryptPad 2025.9.0 documentation". docs.cryptpad.org. Retrieved 2026-04-13.
  15. ^ Conway, Adam (2025-03-23). "4 reasons CryptPad is the best privacy-focused alternative to Google Drive, Docs, and Sheets". XDA. Retrieved 2025-09-02.
  16. ^ "How DWeb Camp is Being Built in Berlin | Internet Archive Blogs". 2026-04-02. Retrieved 2026-04-13.
  17. ^ "CryptPad: An Encrypted Open Source Google Docs Alternative for Privacy Cautious Users". It's FOSS. 2020-08-17. Retrieved 2025-04-05.
  18. ^ "UN Ditches Google for Taking Form Submissions, Opts for an Open Source Solution Instead". It's FOSS. 2025-05-02. Retrieved 2026-07-09.
  19. ^ "The OSI First to Endorse United Nations Open Source Principles". Office of Information and Communications Technology. Retrieved 2026-07-09.


Category:Collaborative writing Category:Editing

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