Doubly ionized oxygen

A Grotrian diagram of doubly ionized oxygen: forbidden transitions in the visible spectrum are shown in green.

In astronomy and atomic physics, doubly ionized oxygen is the ion O2+ (O III in spectroscopic notation). Its emission forbidden lines in the visible spectrum fall primarily at the wavelength 500.7 nm, and secondarily at 495.9 nm. Before spectra of oxygen ions became known, these lines once led to a spurious identification of the substance as a new chemical element. Concentrated levels of O III are found in diffuse and planetary nebulae. Consequently, narrow band-pass filters that isolate the 500.7 nm and 495.9 nm wavelengths of light, that correspond to green-turquoise-cyan spectral colors, are useful in observing these objects, causing them to appear at higher contrast against the filtered and consequently blacker background of space (and possibly light-polluted terrestrial atmosphere) where the frequencies of [O III] are much less pronounced.

These emission lines were first discovered in the spectra of planetary nebulae in the 1860s. At that time, they were thought to be due to a new element which was named nebulium. In 1927, Ira Sprague Bowen published the current explanation identifying their source as doubly ionized oxygen.[1]

Other transitions include the forbidden 88.4 μm and 51.8 μm transitions in the far infrared region.[2]

Permitted lines of O III lie in the middle ultraviolet band and are hence inaccessible to terrestrial astronomy.

See also

References

  1. ^ Bowen, I. S. (1927). "The Origin of the Nebulium Spectrum". Nature. 120 (3022): 473. Bibcode:1927Natur.120..473B. doi:10.1038/120473a0.
  2. ^ Osterbrock, Donald E. (1989). Astrophysics of gaseous nebulae and active galactic nuclei. Mill Valley, Calif.: University Science Books. p. 73. ISBN 0935702229.

Read other articles:

Keju Oaxaca

OaxacaNama lainAsaderoNegara asalMeksikoWilayahOaxacaSumber susuSapiTeksturSemi-kerasKadar lemak45%SertifikasiTidak[1] Oaxaca atau Queso Oaxaca atau disebut juga Asadera adalah keju dari negara Meksiko yang bertekstur semi keras dan dibuat dengan menggunakan susu sapi.[1] Keju ini dinamakan Oaxaca karena berasal dari negara bagian Oaxaca di Meksiko selatan.[2][3] Sementara itu, kata Asadero sendiri memiliki arti dapat dipanggang dikarenakan keju ini dapat dilel...

 

 

Muhammad Fadhil Arief

Muhammad Fadhil Arief Bupati Batanghari ke-15PetahanaMulai menjabat 26 Februari 2021PresidenJoko WidodoGubernurHari Nur Cahya Murni (Pj.)Al HarisWakilBakhtiar PendahuluSyahirsahPenggantiPetahana Informasi pribadiLahir1 Juni 1975 (umur 48)JambiKebangsaanIndonesiaPartai politikPPP (sejak 2021)Suami/istriZulvaAnak4Alma materUniversitas JambiProfesiBirokrat, PolitisiSunting kotak info • L • B Muhammad Fadhil Arief, S.E. (lahir 1 Juni 1975) adalah Bupati Batanghari perio...

 

 

Rahmat Santoso

H.Rahmat SantosoS.H., M.H. Wakil Bupati Blitar ke-5PetahanaMulai menjabat 26 Februari 2021PresidenJoko WidodoGubernurKhofifah Indar ParawansaBupatiRini Syarifah PendahuluMarhaenis Urip WidodoPenggantiPetahana Informasi pribadiLahir17 Mei 1978 (umur 45)Surabaya, Jawa TimurKebangsaanIndonesiaPartai politikPANSuami/istriVenina PuspasariAnak2Alma materUniversitas Merdeka Surabaya Universitas Hang TuahPekerjaanPengusaha, PolitikusSunting kotak info • L • B H. Rahmat Sant...

Hari Perempuan Internasional

Hari Perempuan InternasionalPoster untuk merayakan Hari Perempuan Internasional di Jerman pada 8 Maret 1914Dirayakan olehSeluruh duniaTanggal8 MaretFrekuensiTahunanTerkait denganHari Ibu, Hari Anak Bagian dari seriFeminisme Wanita Gadis Femininitas Sejarah Sosial Sejarah wanita Sejarah feminis Sejarah feminisme Sejarah wanita Indonesia Sejarah wanita Amerika Sejarah wanita Kanada Sejarah wanita Jerman Sejarah wanita di Britania Raya Linimasa Hak pilih wanita Negara mayoritas Muslim Amerika Se...

 

 

Munisipalitas Mirna Peč

Munisipalitas Mirna Peč Občina Mirna PečMunisipalitasLokasi di SloveniaNegara SloveniaLuas • Total48 km2 (19 sq mi)Populasi (2013) • Total2.846 • Kepadatan59/km2 (150/sq mi)Kode ISO 3166-2SI-170Situs webhttp://www.mirnapec.si/ Munisipalitas Mirna Peč adalah salah satu dari 212 munisipalitas di Slovenia. Kode ISO 3166-2 munisipalitas ini adalah SI-170. Menurut sensus 2013, jumlah penduduk munisipalitas yang luasnya 48 kilome...

 

 

Aurora Pro Patria 1919 2011-2012

Voce principale: Aurora Pro Patria 1919. Aurora Pro Patria 1919Stagione 2011-2012Sport calcio Squadra Pro Patria Allenatore Giovanni Cusatis Presidente Pietro Vavassori Seconda Divisione7º posto Coppa Italia1º turno Coppa Italia Lega Pro1º turno eliminazione diretta Maggiori presenzeCampionato: Bruccini (36) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: M. Serafini (19) StadioCarlo Speroni (4.627) Maggior numero di spettatori1 700 vs. Mantova[1] Minor numero di spettatori750 vs. Sambonif...

Lillian Asplund

Lillian Gertrud Asplund (Worcester, 21 ottobre 1906 – Shrewsbury, 6 maggio 2006) è stata una degli ultimi sopravvissuti del naufragio del RMS Titanic. Biografia Nasce da una famiglia di immigrati svedesi[1] da Carl Oscar Vilhelm Gustafsson Asplund e Selma Augusta Emilia Johansson. Lillian aveva un fratello gemello di nome Carl Edgar, due fratelli più grandi Filip Oscar e Clarence Gustaf Hugo e un fratello minore di nome Edvin Rojj Felix.[2] Nel 1912 Lillian e la sua famigl...

 

 

Children in Need

UK charity of the BBC This article may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling. You can assist by editing it. (April 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Children in NeedAlso known asBBC Children in NeedGenreCharity telethonCreated byBBC StudiosPresented by Sir Terry Wogan Sue Lawley Sue Cook Gaby Roslin Gloria Hunniford Esther Rantzen Joanna Lumley Andi Peters Chris Moyles Tess Daly Alesha Dixon Fearne Cotton Rochelle Humes Marvin Humes Greg James Ad...

 

 

Groundwater

Water located beneath the ground surface An illustration showing groundwater in aquifers (in blue) (1, 5 and 6) below the water table (4), and three different wells (7, 8 and 9) dug to reach it. Groundwater is the water present beneath Earth's surface in rock and soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations. About 30 percent of all readily available freshwater in the world is groundwater.[1] A unit of rock or an unconsolidated deposit is called an aquifer when it can yiel...

WWF International Heavyweight Championship

Wrestling competition WWF International Heavyweight ChampionshipNew Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW)'s version of the WWF International Heavyweight Championship beltDetailsPromotionCapitol Wrestling Corporation (CWC)World Wrestling Federation (WWF)New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW)Universal Wrestling Federation (UWF)Date established19591982Date retired19631985Other name(s) NWA International Heavyweight Championship (Northeast version) (1959–1963) WWWF International Heavyweight Championship (1963) Sta...

 

 

رياض الخبراء

هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة وصلات إلى المقالات المتعلقة بها الموجودة في النص الحالي. (يناير 2022)   هذه المقالة عن مدينة رياض الخبراء. لمحافظة رياض الخبراء، طالع محافظة ريا...

 

 

Redding Record Searchlight

Daily newspaper published in Redding, California Redding Record SearchlightTypeDaily newspaperFormatBroadsheetOwner(s)GannettPresidentPaula Goudreau[1]EditorJenny Espino[2]Founded1938LanguageEnglishHeadquarters1320 Yuba St.Redding, CA 96001 USWebsiteredding.com The Redding Record Searchlight is a newspaper serving Redding, California. It has a daily print circulation of under 15,000 and has between 100,000 to 400,000 unique visitors per month to its news website, Redding.com.&...

A Different World

American sitcom (1987-1993) For other uses, see Different World (disambiguation). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: A Different World – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) A Different WorldGenreSitcomCreated byBill CosbyStarring...

 

 

Werner Gutzeit

German-Danish cubist painter Werner GutzeitBorn(1932-12-01)1 December 1932Copenhagen, DenmarkDied3 August 2014(2014-08-03) (aged 81)Lohe-Rickelshof, GermanyKnown forPaintingMovementCubism Werner Gutzeit (1 December 1932 – 3 August 2014[1]) was a Danish cubist painter. Gutzeit studied arts, graphic arts, and teaching in Copenhagen. He worked as a graphic designer and educator in Denmark. He then settled in northern Germany. Starting in 1982, he worked...

 

 

Institut agronomique et vétérinaire Hassan-II

Pour les articles homonymes, voir IAV. Institut agronomique et vétérinaire Hassan-IIHistoireFondation 1966StatutType École d'ingénieurs publique École vétérinaireNom officiel معهد الحسن الثاني للزراعة والبيطرةFondateur Hassan IIDirecteur Abdelaziz Elhraïki[1]Membre de Agence universitaire de la FrancophonieSite web www.iav.ac.maChiffres-clésEnseignants 259LocalisationPays MarocCampus Rabat et AgadirVille Rabatmodifier - modifier le code - modifier Wikid...

Coat of arms of Belgium

This article is about the coat of arms of the country of Belgium and its Royal Family. For a broader article, see Belgian heraldry.Coat of arms of BelgiumGreater version (French version of motto)VersionsMiddle version (French version of motto)Lesser version (French version of motto) ArmigerPhilippe, King of the BelgiansAdopted17 March 1837CrestA helmet with raised visor or crowned with a Royal Crown of BelgiumShieldSable, a lion rampant or, armed and langued Gules with two crossed sceptres (...

 

 

Мифтахов, Амир Рустемович

В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с такой фамилией, см. Мифтахов. Амир Мифтахов Позиция вратарь Рост 185 см Вес 75 кг Хват левый Дата рождения 26 апреля 2000(2000-04-26) (24 года) Место рождения Казань, Россия Драфт НХЛ в 2020 году выбран в 6-м раунде под общим 186-м номером клубом «Та...

 

 

Food miles

Distance food is transported from production to consumption A truck carrying produce Part of a series aboutEnvironmental economics Carbon price Carbon credit Carbon emission trading Carbon fee and dividend Carbon finance Carbon offset Carbon tax Emissions trading Environmental tax Personal carbon trading Pigovian tax Social cost of carbon Climate change Carbon footprint Climate change mitigation Food miles Concepts Bright green environmentalism Circular economy Climate finance Corporate susta...

Historical sociology

Interdisciplinary field of research The Traitors' Gate with the Gerkin in the background. Tower of London, London, UK. Part of a series onSociology History Outline Index Key themes Society Globalization Human behavior Human environmental impact Identity Industrial revolutions 3 / 4 / 5 Popularity Social complexity Social environment Social equality Social equity Social power Social stratification Social structure Social cycle theory Perspectives Conflict theory Critical theory Structural func...

 

 

Garage Days

This article is about the 2002 film. For the Metallica album, see The $5.98 E.P. - Garage Days Re-Revisited. 2002 Australian filmGarage DaysTheatrical release posterDirected byAlex ProyasWritten byAlex ProyasMichael UdeskyDave WarnerProduced byAlex ProyasTopher DowLawrence Grey (executive)Adrienne ReadStarringKick GurryMaya StangePia MirandaRussell DykstraCinematographySimon DugganEdited byRichard LearoydMusic byAndrew LancasterDavid McCormackAntony PartosProductioncompaniesAustralian Film Fi...