Dothard v. Rawlinson

Dothard v. Rawlinson
Supreme Court of the United States
Argued April 19, 1977
Decided June 27, 1977
Full case nameDothard, Director, Department of Public Safety of Alabama, et al. v. Dianne Rawlinson, et al.
Citations433 U.S. 321 (more)
97 S. Ct. 2720; 53 L. Ed. 2d 786; 1977 U.S. LEXIS 143; 15 Fair Empl. Prac. Cas. (BNA) 10; 14 Empl. Prac. Dec. (CCH) ¶ 7632
Case history
PriorAppeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama
Holding
Under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, an employer may not, in the absence of business necessity, set height and weight restrictions that have a disproportionately-adverse effect on one gender.
Court membership
Chief Justice
Warren E. Burger
Associate Justices
William J. Brennan Jr. · Potter Stewart
Byron White · Thurgood Marshall
Harry Blackmun · Lewis F. Powell Jr.
William Rehnquist · John P. Stevens
Case opinions
MajorityStewart, joined by Powell, Stevens; Burger, Blackmun, Rehnquist (Parts I & III); Brennan, Marshall (Parts I & II)
ConcurrenceRehnquist, joined by Burger, Blackmun
Concur/dissentMarshall, joined by Brennan
DissentWhite

Dothard v. Rawlinson, 433 U.S. 321 (1977), was the first United States Supreme Court case in which the bona fide occupational qualifications (BFOQ) defense was used.

Background

In 1977, there were height and weight restrictions (minimum 5’2”, 120 lbs) to be considered as an applicant for an Alabama prison guard. Such requirements ruled out Dianne Rawlinson, who brought forth a class action suit against the requirements under the disparate impact theory of Title VII. After Rawlinson filed her suit, Alabama passed a regulation requiring that guards be the same sex as the inmates. Alabama then had four all-male maximum security prisons and only one all-female prison.

The lower court sided with Rawlinson and claimed that the requirements created an arbitrary barrier to equal employment to women. The state then appealed to the Supreme Court and claimed that the sex, height, and weight requirements were valid occupational qualifications because of the nature of the job.

Judgment

The Court ruled 8-1 that the height and weight restrictions were discriminatory and that the employer had not proven that the height and weight standards were necessary for effective job performance. On the issue of whether women could fill close contact jobs in all male maximum security prisons, the Court ruled 6-3 that the BFOQ defense was legitimate in this case. The reason was that female prison guards were more vulnerable to male sexual attack than male prison guards were.[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ Cushman, C., 2001, Supreme Court Decisions and Women's Rights. CQ Press. pp. 122-8

Read other articles:

Summer Time Rendering

Summer Time Renderingサマータイムレンダ(Samā Taimu Renda)GenreMisteriSupernatural[1]Cerita seru[2] MangaPengarangYasuki TanakaPenerbitShueishaPenerbit bahasa InggrisNA Udon EntertainmentImprintJump Comics+MajalahShōnen Jump+DemografiShōnenTerbit23 Oktober, 2017 – 1 Februari, 2021Volume13 Seri animeSutradaraAyumu WatanabeSkenarioHiroshi SekoMusikKeiichi OkabeRyuichi TakadaKeigo HoashiStudioOLMPelisensiDisney Platform DistributionSaluranasliTokyo MX, BS11, Kansai T...

 

1980 United States Senate election in Louisiana

This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: 1980 United States Senate election in Louisiana – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2021) 1980 United States Senate election in Louisiana ← 1974 September 13, 1980 1986 →   Nominee Russell B. Long Woody ...

 

Collège André-Grasset

Private college in Montreal, Canada You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (March 2012) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the French article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-trans...

Человек прямоходящий

† Человек прямоходящий Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:Синапсиды�...

 

Judy Collins

American singer and songwriter For technical reasons, Judy Collins #3 redirects here. For the album, see Judy Collins 3. Judy CollinsCollins at the Cambridge Folk Festival, 2008Background informationBirth nameJudith Marjorie CollinsBorn (1939-05-01) May 1, 1939 (age 85)Seattle, Washington, U.S.OriginDenver, Colorado, U.S.GenresFolkAmericanacountryrock and rollpopOccupation(s)SingersongwritermusicianInstrument(s)VocalspianoguitarYears active1959–presentLabelsElektraGeffenMCAMesa Bluemoo...

 

FN FAL

Battle rifle FN FAL A standard FAL (50.00 model) produced by FNTypeBattle riflePlace of originBelgiumService historyIn service1953–presentUsed by90+ countries (See Users)WarsSee ConflictsProduction historyDesignerDieudonné SaiveDesigned1947–53Manufacturer FN Herstal IMBEL Produced1953–present (Production stopped by FN Herstal in 1988)No. built7,000,000[1]VariantsSee VariantsSpecifications (FAL 50)Mass4.25 kg (9.4 lb)Length1,090 mm (43...

大字 (数字)

この項目には、一部のコンピュータや閲覧ソフトで表示できない文字が含まれています（詳細）。 数字の大字（だいじ）は、漢数字の一種。通常用いる単純な字形の漢数字（小字）の代わりに同じ音の別の漢字を用いるものである。 概要 壱万円日本銀行券（「壱」が大字） 弐千円日本銀行券（「弐」が大字） 漢数字には「一」「二」「三」と続く小字と、「壱」「�...

 

Население Татарстана

Численность населения республики по данным Росстата составляет 4 003 016[1] чел. (2024). Татарстан занимает 8-е место по численности населения среди субъектов Российской Федерации[2]. Плотность населения — 59,00 чел./км² (2024). Городское население — 76,72[3] % (20...

 

Tess Ledeux

French freestyle skier Tess LedeuxPersonal informationNationalityFrenchBornBourg-Saint-Maurice, FranceHeight1.58 m (5 ft 2 in)Weight51 kg (112 lb)SportCountryFranceSportFreestyle skiingEventBig airClubC.S La Plagne Medal record Women's freestyle skiing Representing  France Olympic Games 2022 Beijing Big air World Championships 2017 Sierra Nevada Slopestyle 2019 Utah Big air 2023 Bakuriani Big air Winter X Games 2019 Norway Big air 2020 Aspen Big air 2024 Aspen Sl...

Eiste

Village in Estonia Village in Saare County, EstoniaEisteVillageCountry EstoniaCountySaare CountyParishSaaremaa ParishTime zoneUTC+2 (EET) • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST) Eiste is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County in western Estonia.[1][2] Before the administrative reform in 2017, the village was in Pihtla Parish.[3] References ^ Classification of Estonian administrative units and settlements 2014[dead link] (retrieved 28 July 2021) ^ Lisa. ...

 

Simona Halep

Simona Halep Simona Halep campionessa all'Open di Francia 2018 Nazionalità  Romania Altezza 168 cm Peso 57 kg Tennis Carriera Singolare1 Vittorie/sconfitte 579 – 238 (70.87%) Titoli vinti 24 Miglior ranking 1ª (9 ottobre 2017) Ranking attuale ranking Risultati nei tornei del Grande Slam  Australian Open F (2018)  Roland Garros V (2018)  Wimbledon V (2019)  US Open SF (2015) Altri tornei  Tour Finals F (2014)  Giochi olimpici 1T (2012) Doppio1 Vittorie/s...

 

2020年夏季奧林匹克運動會波蘭代表團

2020年夏季奥林匹克运动会波兰代表團波兰国旗IOC編碼POLNOC波蘭奧林匹克委員會網站olimpijski.pl（英文）（波兰文）2020年夏季奥林匹克运动会（東京）2021年7月23日至8月8日（受2019冠状病毒病疫情影响推迟，但仍保留原定名称）運動員206參賽項目24个大项旗手开幕式：帕维尔·科热尼奥夫斯基（游泳）和马娅·沃什乔夫斯卡（自行车）[1]闭幕式：卡罗利娜·纳亚（皮划艇）&#...

Steven Chu

American physicist and former U.S. Secretary of Energy (born 1948) Steven Zhu redirects here. For the musician, see Zhu (musician). Steven ChuFREng ForMemRS HonFInstPChu in 201412th United States Secretary of EnergyIn officeJanuary 21, 2009 – April 22, 2013PresidentBarack ObamaDeputyDaniel PonemanPreceded bySamuel BodmanSucceeded byErnest Moniz Personal detailsBorn (1948-02-28) February 28, 1948 (age 76)St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.Political partyDemocratic[1][...

 

Cenozoico

Il Cenozoico, dal greco antico καινός?, kainòs (nuovo) e ζωή, zoè (vita) cioè nuova vita, detto anche Terziario, è l'ultima delle tre ere geologiche del Fanerozoico. Ha avuto inizio 65,5 ± 0,3 milioni di anni fa, al termine del Mesozoico ed è tuttora in corso.[1][2] Indice 1 Suddivisione 2 Caratteristiche 2.1 Paleogeografia 2.2 Clima 2.3 Fauna 3 Schemi 4 Note 5 Voci correlate 6 Altri progetti 7 Collegamenti esterni Suddivisione La Commissione Inte...

 

Nikolai Podvoisky

Russian Bolshevik revolutionary and politician In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Ilyich and the family name is Podvoisky. Nikolai PodvoiskyНиколай ПодвойскийPeople's Commissar of Military and Naval Affairs of the Russian SFSRIn office8 November 1917 – 13 March 1918Preceded byPosition established (Aleksander Verkhovsky as minister of War and Navy)Succeeded byLeon TrotskyPeople's Commissar of Military Affairs of the Ukrain...

28th Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (December 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this message)This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider...

 

Christian film industry

Aspect of Christian media Part of a series onChristian culture Christian culture Christian tradition Eastern Christianity Western Christianity Byzantine culture Protestant culture Holidays Mormon culture Cultural Christian Art Christian symbolism Early art Catholic art Lutheran art Church architecture Icons Media Film industry Radio formats Video games Literature American Catholic literature Bible fiction Christian drama Christian poetry Christian novel Christian science fiction Spiritual aut...

 

Stewards Society

Secret society at Georgetown University, US Stewards SocietyThe emblem of the Stewards (Plaque at Georgetown University)Founded1982; 42 years ago (1982)Georgetown UniversityTypeSecret societyAffiliationIndependentStatusActiveScopeLocalChapters1HeadquartersWashington, D.C. United States The Stewards Society (collectively referred to as the Stewards) is an anonymous, all-male service fraternity, often considered a secret society, at Georgetown University. The name collectively...

NGC 4609

Open cluster in the constellation Crux NGC 4609NGC 4609 (taken from Stellarium)Observation data (J2000 epoch)Right ascension12h 42m 19.7s[1]Declination−62° 59′ 42″[1]Distance4,500 ly (1,379 pc)[1]Apparent magnitude (V)6.9[2]Apparent dimensions (V)6.5′.[1]Physical characteristicsEstimated age83.2 Myr[1]Other designationsNGC 4609, Caldwell 98, Cr 263[3]AssociationsConstellat...

 

Coup d'état of Pavía

Military coup in Spain in 1874 Coup d'état of PavíaIllustration of Pavia's troops entering the Congress of DeputiesNative name Golpe de Estado de PavíaDateJanuary 3, 1874 (1874-01-03)LocationCongress of Deputies, Madrid, SpainCoordinates40°24′57″N 3°41′48″W / 40.41583°N 3.69667°W / 40.41583; -3.69667TypeCoup d'état The Coup d'état of Pavía (Spanish: Golpe de Estado de Pavía), or more simply Pavía's Coup, was a military coup d'ét...