Geographically, Dobson Township occupies 69.1 square miles (179 km2) in central Surry County. The only incorporated municipality within Dobson Township is the Town of Dobson, the county seat of Surry County. Additionally, there are several smaller, unincorporated communities located here, including New Hope, Salem Fork and Union Cross. The highest point in Dobson Township is Turner Mountain, elevation 1,275 feet (389 m), which is the site of several communications towers.