Dikili Tash (also known as Dikilitaş) is a prehistoric tell settlement rising 16 m above the Drama plain in Eastern Macedonia, c. 1.5 km east of ancient Philippi. It is about 4.5 hectares.
Dikili Tash, as viewed from the stele of C. Vibius Quartus
The tell is a major Neolithic and Bronze Age site (c. 6400/6200-1100 BC), known since the 19th century, and excavated by the French School at Athens and the Archaeological Society of Athens. Among the notable discoveries are timber-framed buildings of the Late Neolithic period. One of these was decorated with a bull's skull plastered over with clay in the manner seen in the building model from the contemporary site of Promachonas on the Greek-Bulgarian frontier.
Funerary altar of C. Vibius Quartus
The name Dikili Taş means "upright stone" in Turkish; it is also called by the Greek name Ορθόπετρα (Orthopetra), which means the same. This refers to the inscribed funerary altar of Gaius Vibius Quartus,[1] a military officer from the Roman colony of Philippi who was buried in the cemetery beside the Via Egnatia, which passes the foot of the tell.
History
Late Neolithic I
Late Neolithic II (Chalcolithic)
The Late Neolithic II is represented by Phase Dikili Tash II. Radiocarbon dates fell into the period between 5400 and 3800 cal BC. The start of LN II has been set to around 4800 BC as dates for the last LN I has clustered doen to 4900 BC. There also seem to be a short gap between LN I and LN II.
The EBA occupation started around 3300-2900 BC. A long sequence of Early Bronze levels have been uncovered. Pottery has been divided into two sub-phases (Dikili Tash phases IIIA and IIIB), corresponding to phases IV and V of neighbouring Sitagroi. It represents the EB I (Pre-Troy I) and EB II (Troy I) periods.
References
Koukouli-Chryssanthaki, Haïdo, René Treuil, Laurent Lespez and Dimitra Malamidou. Dikili Tash, village préhistorique de Macédoine orientale. Recherches franco-helléniques dirigées par la Société archéologique d'Athènes et l'École française d'Athènes (1986–2001). Bibliothèque de la Société archéologique d’Athènes 254. Athènes: La Société archéologique d'Athènes, 2008
TSIRTSONI, Zoï. Chapter 15. The Late Neolithic II (Chalcolithic)-Early Bronze Age transition at the tell of Dikili Tash In: The Human Face of Radiocarbon: Reassessing Chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC [online]. Lyon: MOM Éditions, 2016 (generated 07 mars 2023). Available on the Internet: <http://books.openedition.org/momeditions/525>. ISBN 9782356681881. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/books.momeditions.525.
