Digitaria insularis

Sourgrass
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Genus: Digitaria
Species:
D. insularis
Binomial name
Digitaria insularis
Synonyms[2]
  • Andropogon insularis L.
  • Digitaria insularis (L.) Mez ex Ekman
  • Panicum insulare (L.) G. Mey.
  • Syntherisma insulare (L.) Millsp. & Chase
  • Trichachne insularis (L.) Nees
  • Tricholaena insularis (L.) Griseb.
  • Valota insularis (L.) Chase

Digitaria insularis is a species of grass commonly known as sourgrass. It is native to Central and South America and the southern parts of the United States and has been introduced into other parts of the world. It was first described by the German botanist Friedrich Karl Georg Fedde in 1904.

Description

Flower spike

Digitaria insularis is a tufted perennial bunchgrass with very short, swollen rhizomes. The stems reach a height of 80–130 cm and are erect, branched from the lower and middle nodes, swollen bases, with woolly bracts, glabrous internodes and nodes. Sheaths papillose - pilose in their majority, ligule 4–6 mm long, blades linear, 20–50 cm long and 10–20 mm wide. Inflorescence 20–35 cm long, numerous clusters, 10–15 cm long, solitary triquetrous rachis of clusters, 0.4-0.7 mm wide, scabrous; spikelets lanceolate, 4.2-4.6 mm long, paired, caudate, densely covered with trichomes up to 6 mm long, brown or whitish, ranging up to 5 mm from the apex of the spikelet; lower glume triangular to ovate, to 0.6 mm long, enervate, membranous; upper glume 3.5-4.5 mm long, acute, 3-5 nerved, ciliated; inferior lemma as long as spikelet, acuminate, 7-nerved, covered with silky hairs, upper lemma 3.2-3.6 mm long, acuminate, dark brown; anthers 1-1.2 mm long.[3]

Distribution and habitat

Digitaria insularis is native to the tropical and sub-tropical Americas.[4]

It is a common species found in disturbed areas and on beaches, at an altitude of up to 1,400 m (4,593 ft) above sea level.

In its native Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia and Venezuela it is a pervasive weed out of its natural habitats. It has been introduced in tropical Asia and some Pacific islands and elsewhere. In some countries into which it has been introduced such as Hawaii and Papua New Guinea, it is considered an invasive species.[5]

References

  1. ^ Giraldo-Cañas, D.; Allen, R. (2020). "Digitaria insularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T100509567A100509758. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T100509567A100509758.en. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Digitaria insularis (L.) Fedde". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2014-01-27.
  3. ^ W.D. Clayton; M. Vorontsova; K.T. Harman; H. Williamson. "Digitaria insularis". GrassBase. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2014-01-27.
  4. ^ W.D.Clayton; R.Govaerts; K.T.Harman; H.Williamson; M.Vorontsova. "Digitaria insularis (L.) Mez ex Ekman, Ark. Bot. 11(4): 17 (1912)". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2014-01-27.
  5. ^ "Digitaria insularis (sourgrass)". Invasive species compendium. CABI. Retrieved 2014-01-27.
  • This article contains material translated from the Spanish Wikipedia.

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