Desmodium glabellum

Desmodium glabellum
Illustration published in 1913

Secure  (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Genus: Desmodium
Species:
D. glabellum
Binomial name
Desmodium glabellum
Synonyms[3]
Homotypic synonyms
    • Hedysarum glabellum Michx.
Heterotypic synonyms
    • Desmodium dillenii Darl.
    • Desmodium paniculatum var. dillenii (Darl.) Isely
    • Meibomia dillenii (Darl.) Kuntze
    • Meibomia glabella Kuntze
    • Pleurolobus dillenii (Darl.) MacMill.

Desmodium glabellum is a species of flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. It is native to the eastern and central United States. It is commonly called Dillenius' tick-trefoil in honor of Johann Dillenius, a British botanist of German birth. It is also known as the tall tick-trefoil.

Description

Desmodium glabellum is a herbaceous perennial plant. It grows to 5 feet tall with alternate palmately trifoliate leaves. Light pink to purplish flowers appear June through September. Seeds in sticky pods arranged in a row of 2-5 segments appear August–October. This species is very similar to Desmodium perplexum from which it was recently split.[4]

Taxonomy

Desmodium glabellum was first described as Hedysarum glabellum by the French botanist André Michaux in 1803.[5] The type specimen was collected in a grassland in "Lower Carolina".[6] Michaux described the stem of the species as nearly glabrous,[7] hence the specific name glabellum and the corresponding common name smooth tick-trefoil (not to be confused with Desmodium laevigatum, which also goes by that common name). In 1825, the Swiss botanist Augustin de Candolle placed Hedysarum glabellum Michx. in genus Desmodium,[2] and so Hedysarum glabellum is a basionym for Desmodium glabellum (Michx.) DC.[3]

Type illustration of Desmodium dillenii designated by Darlington in 1837, originally published by Dillenius in 1732, identified as Desmodium glabellum in 2022

The American physician, botanist, and politician William Darlington described Desmodium dillenii in 1837.[8][9] Darlington's description was based upon an illustration of Hedysarum trifoliatum published by the German-born British botanist Johann Jacob Dillenius in 1732.[10][11] Recognizing Dillenius' contribution, Darlington referred to Desmodium dillenii as Dillenius's Desmodium. In 1950, the American botanist Bernice Schubert rejected Desmodium dillenii Darl. as a nomen confusum (a term having no standing in the International Code of Nomenclature of 2018),[12] which means "confusing name". In an attempt to resolve the confusion, Schubert split the taxon into two distinct taxa, a newly described Desmodium perplexum,[13] and the previously described Desmodium glabellum. However, Schubert did not identify the plant in Dillenius' illustration. The matter remained unresolved until 2020 when the morphologies of the taxa in question were sufficiently clarified.[14] Subsequently the plant in Dillenius' illustration was identified as Desmodium glabellum,[15] and hence the name Desmodium dillenii Darl. is a synonym for Desmodium glabellum (Michx.) DC.[16] The common name Dillenius' tick-trefoil is often used to refer to Desmodium glabellum.[1][17][18][19]

Desmodium glabellum is a member of the Desmodium paniculatum complex, a group of closely related taxa that also includes Desmodium paniculatum sensu stricto, Desmodium perplexum, Desmodium fernaldii, and the synonym Desmodium dillenii.[20] Alternatively, some botanists lump these taxa into a single polymorphic species, Desmodium paniculatum sensu lato,[21][22] in which case Desmodium glabellum becomes a synonym of Desmodium paniculatum.

Distribution and habitat

Desmodium glabellum is native to the eastern and central United States.[23] It grows in fields, woodland borders, and disturbed areas.[24]

References

  1. ^ a b "Desmodium glabellum". NatureServe Explorer. NatureServe. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
  2. ^ a b "Desmodium glabellum (Michx.) DC.". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
  3. ^ a b "Desmodium glabellum (Michx.) DC.". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
  4. ^ Hilty, John. "Perplexing Tick Trefoil". Wildflowers of Illinois. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
  5. ^ "Hedysarum glabellum Michx.". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
  6. ^ Uttal, Leonard J. (January 1984). "The type localities of the Flora Boreali-Americana of André Michaux". Rhodora. 86 (845): 46. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
  7. ^ Michaux (1803), p. 73.
  8. ^ "Desmodium dillenii Darl.". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
  9. ^ Darlington (1837), pp. 414–415.
  10. ^ "Hedysarum trifoliatum Dill.". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
  11. ^ Dillenius (1732), tab. 144.
  12. ^ Schubert (1950), pp. 154–155.
  13. ^ "Desmodium perplexum B.G.Schub.". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 2024-01-31.
  14. ^ Thomas (2020).
  15. ^ Weakley et al. (2022), "The identity of Desmodium dillenii Darl." p. 401.
  16. ^ "Desmodium dillenii Darl.". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
  17. ^ NRCS. "Desmodium glabellum". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 31 January 2024.
  18. ^ "Desmodium glabellum (Michx.) DC.". Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved 5 February 2024.
  19. ^ "Desmodium glabellum (Michx.) DC.". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  20. ^ Thomas (2020), pp. 29–30.
  21. ^ Ohashi, Hiroyoshi (June 2013). "New combinations in North American Desmodium (Leguminosae: Tribe Desmodieae)". The Journal of Japanese Botany. 88 (3): 166–175. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  22. ^ JIN, Dong-Pil; KIM, Jung-Hyun; SIM, Sunhee; SUH, Hwa-Jung; KIM, Jin-Seok (2021). "New record of an alien plant, Desmodium paniculatum (Fabaceae), in Korea based on a morphological examination and DNA barcoding". Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy. 51 (2): 133–140. doi:10.11110/kjpt.2021.51.2.133.
  23. ^ "Desmodium glabellum". State-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
  24. ^ Weakley, Alan S.; Southeastern Flora Team (2024). "Desmodium glabellum". Flora of the southeastern United States. University of North Carolina Herbarium, North Carolina Botanical Garden. Retrieved 31 January 2024.

Bibliography

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