He was an agent on the Underground Railroad. At age 26 he moved to Columbus, Ohio. An abolitionist, he co-founded a short-lived abolitionist paper in Columbus. He then became a school teacher. During the Civil War he served in the 127th Ohio Infantry. After the war he worked for the Freedmens Bureau in Mississippi.[6]
He and Alfred Handy, another African American state legislator for Madison County, were warned about opposing "honest rule" in a notice run in the Canton Mail in 1876.[8]