Cyanothamnus ramosus

Cyanothamnus ramosus
Boronia ramosa near Bindoon
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Rutaceae
Genus: Cyanothamnus
Species:
C. ramosus
Binomial name
Cyanothamnus ramosus
Occurrence data from Australasian Virtual Herbarium
Synonyms[1]

Cyanothamnus ramosus is a species of plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is an erect, mostly glabrous shrub with pinnate leaves with up to seven leaflets, and white, four-petalled flowers with blue or pale green backs.

Description

Cyanothamnus ramosus is a slender, erect, mostly glabrous, woody shrub which grows to a height of 30 cm (10 in). The leaves are pinnate, 10–30 mm (0.4–1 in) long and have between three and seven leaflets on a petiole 1–11 mm (0.039–0.433 in) long. The leaflets are 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in) long. There are up to three flowers arranged in the leaf axils on pedicels 2–15 mm (0.079–0.591 in) long. The four sepals are thick, glabrous and egg-shaped, 1.5–5 mm (0.059–0.20 in) long. The petals are white with blue or pale green backs, broadly elliptic, 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) long and prominently glandular. Flowering occurs from May to October.[2][3]

Taxonomy and naming

This species was first formally described in 1839 by John Lindley who gave it the name Cyanothamnus ramosus and published the description in A Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colony.[4][5] In 1863, George Bentham changed the name to Boronia ramosa.[6] In a 2013 paper in the journal Taxon, Marco Duretto and others restored Lindley's name Cyanothamnus ramosus on the basis of cladistic analysis.[7] The specific epithet (ramosus) is a Latin word meaning "full of branches".[8]

In 1971 and 1998, Paul Wilson described three subspecies in the journal Nuytsia.[9][10] The names have subsequently been changed to reflect the change in the genus name:

  • Cyanothamnus ramosus subsp. anethifolius (Bartl.) Duretto & Heslewood[11] has pedicels that are 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) long and shorter than the leaves, with cylindrical leaflets that are channelled on the upper surface;
  • Cyanothamnus ramosus subsp. lesueuranus (Paul G.Wilson) Duretto & Heslewood[12] has pedicels that are 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) long and shorter than the leaves, with linear to narrow oblong leaflets that are concave on the upper surface;
  • Cyanothamnus ramosus (Lindl.) Benth. subsp. ramosus (the autonym) has pedicels that are 6–15 mm (0.24–0.59 in) long and longer than the leaves.

Distribution and habitat

Cyanothamnus ramosus grows on slopes and hillsides, sometimes in disused gravel pits and is widespread in the southwest from near Shark Bay to near Esperance.[2][3] Subspecies anethifolius occurs between the Murchison River, the Stirling Range and Cape Le Grand, subspecies lesueuranus is only known from near Mt Lesueur and subspecies ramosus mainly from the Darling Range.[10]

Conservation status

Cyanothamnus ramosus is classed as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife,[3] but subspecies lesueuranus is listed as "Priority Two" by the Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions,[13] meaning that it is poorly known and from only one or a few locations.[14]

References

  1. ^ a b "Cyanothamnus ramosus". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  2. ^ a b Duretto, Marco F.; Wilson, Paul G.; Ladiges, Pauline Y. "Boronia ramosa". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  3. ^ a b c "Cyanothamnus ramosus". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  4. ^ "Cyanothamnus ramosus". APNI. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  5. ^ Lindley, John (1839). A Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colonly (Appendix). Piccadilly: James Ridgway. p. xviii. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
  6. ^ "Boronia ramosa". APNI. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  7. ^ Duretto, Marco F.; Heslewood, Margaret M.; Bayly, Michael J. (2020). "Boronia (Rutaceae) is polyphyletic: Reinstating Cyanothamnus and the problems associated with inappropriately defined outgroups". Taxon. 69 (3): 481–499. doi:10.1002/tax.12242. S2CID 225836058.
  8. ^ Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 648.
  9. ^ Wilson, Paul G. (1971). "Taxonomic notes on the family Rutaceae, principally of Western Australia". Nuytsia. 1 (2): 201. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  10. ^ a b Wilson, Paul G. (1998). "New names and new taxa in the genus Boronia (Rutaceae) from Western Australia, with notes on seed character". Nuytsia. 12 (1): 151–152. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  11. ^ "Cyanothamnus ramosus subsp. anethifolius". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  12. ^ "Cyanothamnus ramosus subsp. lesueuranus". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  13. ^ "Cyanothamnus ramosus subsp. lesueuranus". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  14. ^ "Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna" (PDF). Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 22 September 2021.