Corky was born in 1965. Her mother, designated A23, nicknamed "Stripe", was born in 1948 and she died in 2000. Corky, along with a young unnamed male and a young female later named Patches, were sold to Marineland of the Pacific, in Palos Verdes, California. As of 2022, Corky is the only surviving captured orca from her family group. She is designated A16.[4]
Captivity
Corky II received her name after the park's original orca, Corky I (1965
– 5 December 1970), who died on 5 December 1970 at the age of 5. Corky I was also born in 1965 like Corky II and she was also a female orca like Corky II. Corky was kept with a male named Orky II who was her cousin, also caught in Pender Harbour the year before her own capture. The pair remained together at the park for the next seventeen years and mated.[5] Corky became the first orca to produce offspring in captivity and on 28 February 1977, she gave birth to the first captive calf. However, the infant male failed to nurse and died of pneumonia after just eleven days on 15 March 1977. Corky and Orky had six more calves but none survived, the oldest, named Kiva (22 June 1982 – 3 August 1982), a female, lived for just 46 days.[6] Corky and Orky also appeared in the 1977 film Tentacles.[7] Corky suffered three miscarriages on 1 April 1980, 27 July 1986 and in August 1987. After that she never became pregnant again.
In 1987, Corky was sold to SeaWorld and was moved with Orky II to the park in San Diego, California, United States on 21 January 1987. There, she mated again with Orky II, and she suffered a miscarriage in August 1987.[8]Orky II later bred with other females, named Kandu V (1974 – 21 August 1989) and Kenau (1975 – 6 August 1991) at SeaWorld San Diego and with them he sired two female calves, Orkid (born 23 September 1988) and Kayla (26 November 1988 – 28 January 2019). Corky never became pregnant again. On 26 September 1988, Orky II died three days after the birth of his first daughter,
Orkid who was born on 23 September 1988 to Kandu V. He was the oldest and largest captive orca at the time of his death.[9]
In 1989 the dominant female orca, Kandu V, charged at Corky but ruptured an artery in her own jaw during the fight. After a 45-minute hemorrhage, Kandu V died. Her eleven month old daughter, Orkid, was placed with Corky, who acted as a surrogate mother.[11][12][13]
Controversy
Corky 2 performing "The Shamu Adventure" on July 5, 2004. The stage at Shamu Stadium has since been redesigned to accommodate the new "Orca Encounter" show.
Corky is the subject of various campaigns by animal rights activists and organizations, including PETA, demanding her retirement and release.[14][15] In 2017, a Canadian orca research organization created a banner from more than 17,000 pieces of artwork that stretched 1.5 miles as a means to promote her freedom.[16] A 40 acre sea sanctuary located off Hanson Island in British Columbia has been proposed for her relocation, but SeaWorld remains resistant, arguing Corky would not survive.[17] Support for her release surged after Lolita died before her release, including people writing letters to SeaWorld.[18][19]
