PROFILPELAJAR.COM

Cordycipitaceae
	Cordyceps militaris
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Sordariomycetes
Order:	Hypocreales
Family:	Cordycipitaceae; Kreisel ex G.H.Sung, J.M.Sung, Hywel-Jones & Spatafora (2007)
Type genus
	Cordyceps; Fr. (1818)

The Cordycipitaceae are a family of parasitic fungi in the Ascomycota, class Sordariomycetes and order Hypocreales. The family was first published in 1969 by mycologist Hanns Kreisel,^[1] but the naming was invalid according to the code of International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. It was validly published in 2007.^[2]

Description

Cordycipitaceae species have stromata or subicula that are pallid or brightly pigmented and fleshy. Their perithecia are superficial to completely immersed in the substrate, and oriented at right angles to the surface of the stroma. The asci are cylindrical with a thickened ascus tip. Ascospores are usually cylindrical, contain multiple septa, and disarticulate into part-spores or remain intact at maturity.^[2]

Genera

Updated in 2020 (with numbers of species)^[3]

Akanthomyces Lebert (21) – anamorphs subsumed here:
- Lecanicillium (Zimm.) Zare & W.Gams (2001)
- Torrubiella Boud.
Amphichorda Fr. (1)
Ascopolyporus Möller (7)
Beauveria Vuill. (54) – anamorph
Beejasamuha Subram. & Chandrash. (1)
Blackwellomyces Spatafora & Luangsa-ard (2)
Cordyceps (Fr.) Link (498) – anamorphs:
- Isaria Pers. = Microhilum H.Y. Yip & A.C. Rath
Coremiopsis Sizova & Suprun (2)
Engyodontium de Hoog (5) – anamorph
Evlachovaea
Flavocillium H. Yu, Y.B. Wang, Y. Wang, Q. Fan & Zhu L. Yang (4)
Gamszarea Z.F. Zhang & L. Cai (8)
Gibellula Cavara (29)
Hevansia Luangsa-ard, Hywel-Jones & Spatafora (8)
Hyperdermium J.F. White, R.F. Sullivan, Bills & Hywel-Jones (3)
Jenniferia
Leptobacillium Zare & W. Gams (1)
Liangia H. Yu, Y.B. Wang, Y. Wang, Z.H. Chen & Zhu L. Yang (1)
Neobaryopsis
Neohyperdermium
Neotorrubiella Tasan., Thanakitp. & Luangsa-ard
Parahevansia
Parengyodontium C.C. Tsang, et al (1)
- Parengyodontium album^[4]
Pleurodesmospora
Pseudogibellula Samson & H.C. Evans (1)
Samsoniella Mongkols., Noisrip., Thanakitp., Spatafora & Luangsa-ard (3)
Simplicillium W. Gams & Zare (12) – anamorph

Parengyodontium album

Parengyodontium album can break down polyethylene (PE), one of the most commonly used plastics. P. album is the fourth fungus that can do so. Laboratory experiments suggest that PE marine waste exposed to ultraviolet light could be broken down and used as an energy source by the fungus at a rate of 0.044% per day.^[5]

References

^ Kreisel H. Grundzüge eines natürlichen Systems der Pilze (in German). Lehre, Germany: J. Cramer. p. 112.
^ ^a ^b Sung GH, Hywel-Jones NL, Sung JM, Luangsa-ard JJ, Shrestha B, Spatafora JW (2007). "Phylogenetic classification of Cordyceps and the clavicipitaceous fungi". Studies in Mycology. 57: 5–59. doi:10.3114/sim.2007.57.01. PMC 2104736. PMID 18490993.
^ Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8. hdl:10481/61998.
^ Vaksmaa, A.; Vielfaure, H.; Polerecky, L.; Kienhuis, M.V.M.; van der Meer, M.T.J.; Pflüger, T.; Egger, M.; Niemann, H. (July 2024). "Biodegradation of polyethylene by the marine fungus Parengyodontium album". Science of the Total Environment. 934: 172819. Bibcode:2024ScTEn.93472819V. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172819. PMID 38679106.
^ Ridden, Paul (2024-06-05). "Marine fungus takes a bite out of plastic waste". New Atlas. Retrieved 2024-06-11.