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Cook Islands Federation
Cook Islands Federation
1891–1901
	Flag Emblem
	Anthem: God Save the Queen
Status	British colony
Capital	Avarua (presumed)
Historical era	New Imperialism
• Established	1891
• Disestablished	1901
ISO 3166 code	CK
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Kingdom of Rarotonga
Cook Islands

The Cook Islands Federation was created in 1891,^[1] after the Kingdom of Rarotonga was given the island of Aitutaki. It lasted until 1901, when it was given to New Zealand.^[2]

Geography

The Cook Islands Federation was made up of the islands of the southern group of the Cook Islands - Rarotonga, Mangaia, and Aitutaki - and the Nga-Pu-Toru - Atiu, Mauke, and Mitiaro.^[3]

A stamp issued by the Cook Islands Federation

Law

The laws of the Cook Islands Federation were made by the local parliament, however, they had to receive approval from a Resident from Britain.^[3] In 1894, the Parliament pronounced a declaration on land, detailing Māori custom on land tenure, and stating that those customs could only be changed by each island's respective council.^[4]

In 1899, the Parliament of Cook Islands ruled that the high court of the Cook Islands Federation could not give any punishment worse than those outlined by the Criminal Code Act of 1893, and The Summary Jurisdiction Act of 1894, which were both laws of New Zealand, and that both acts of New Zealand were to be adopted entirely.^[5]

Penal colonies

In 1892, the island of Takutea was set up as a penal colony, but in 1899 its use ceased, and the island of Manuae was used instead.^[5]

Sources

^ "ISLAND FEDERATION". New Zealand Herald. 6 June 1891. p. 5. Retrieved 8 August 2023 – via Papers Past.
^ New Zealand law journal (53rd ed.). Wellington, New Zealand: Butterworths. p. 358. OCLC 1760288.
^ ^a ^b "RARATONGAN PARLIAMENT". New Zealand Herald. 22 June 1891. p. 5. Retrieved 8 August 2023 – via Papers Past.
^ "PRIMITIVE LAND TENURE". New Zealand Mail. No. 1175. 7 September 1894. p. 33. Retrieved 8 August 2023 – via Papers Past.
^ ^a ^b A Compilation of Acts and Instruments Relating to the Government of the Cook and Other Islands, Together with an Appendix Containing the Former Laws of Rarotonga and Niue. Palala Press. September 2015. p. 98. ISBN 9781341057465.