governed Constitutional amendment Constitutional court Constitutional crisis Constitutional documents Constitutional economics Constitutional interpretation...

Constitutional monarchy, also known as limited monarchy, parliamentary monarchy or democratic monarchy, is a form of monarchy in which the monarch exercises...

Constitutional convention may refer to: Constitutional convention (political custom), an informal and uncodified procedural agreement Constitutional convention...

A constitutional coup occurs when a person or group seizes political power in a way consistent with their country's constitution, as opposed to a traditional...

Constitutionality is the quality of being acceptable under a supreme law with regard to the status of a norm, a procedure, or an act's accordance with...

A constitutional commission is a body of commissioners appointed by a government for the purpose of making or revising a constitution. The commissioners...

In political science, a constitutional crisis is a problem or conflict in the function of a government that the political constitution or other fundamental...

Constitutional Council might refer to: Constitutional Council (Algeria) Constitutional Council (Cambodia) Constitutional Council (Chad) Constitutional...

In the United States, the term constitutional carry, also called permitless carry, unrestricted carry, or Vermont carry, refers to the legal public carrying...

Constitutional law is a body of law which defines the role, powers, and structure of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the parliament...

A constitutional amendment (or constitutional alteration) is a modification of the constitution of a polity, organization or other type of entity. Amendments...

Constitutional History is the area of historical study covering both written constitutions and uncodified constitutions, and became an academic discipline...

Constitutional hardball is the exploitation of procedures, laws and institutions by political actors for partisan gain in ways which violate current pre-established...

The phrase constitutional theocracy describes a form of elected government in which one single religion is granted an authoritative central role in the...

Constitutional review, also called constitutionality review or constitutional control, is the evaluation, in some countries, of the constitutionality...

Constitutional theory is an area of constitutional law that focuses on the underpinnings of constitutional government. It overlaps with legal theory, constitutionalism...

Founding Fathers, often referred to as its framing, was completed at the Constitutional Convention, which assembled at Independence Hall in Philadelphia between...

Constitutional liberalism is a form of government that upholds the principles of classical liberalism and the rule of law. It differs from liberal democracy...

president of the United States. Each state has the opportunity to ratify constitutional amendments. With the consent of Congress, two or more states may enter...

Constitutional Revolution may refer to: Constitutional Revolution (Israel), legislation passed by the Israeli Knesset from 1992 to 1995 on human rights...

A constitutional institution, constitutional body or constitutional organ is a government institution created by a constitution. As these institutions...

Constitutional economics is a research program in economics and constitutionalism that has been described as explaining the choice "of alternative sets...

later by Lindsay Carter and Rob Rempel, are used by academics today. Constitutional psychology is a theory developed by Sheldon in the 1940s, which attempted...

The constitutional reforms of Augustus were a series of laws that were enacted by the Roman Emperor Augustus between 30 BC and 2 BC, which transformed...

The (individual) constitutional complaint (German: (Individual-)Verfassungsbeschwerde) is an extraordinary legal remedy in German law. The procedure serves...

A constitutional court is a high court that deals primarily with constitutional law. Its main authority is to rule on whether laws that are challenged...

In September and October 1993, a constitutional crisis arose in the Russian Federation from a conflict between the then Russian president Boris Yeltsin...

Constitutional avoidance is a legal doctrine of judicial review in United States constitutional law that dictates that United States federal courts should...

court cases, and over state court cases that turn on questions of U.S. constitutional or federal law. It also has original jurisdiction over a narrow range...

power and the head of state being a ceremonial position, similar to constitutional monarchies. In some countries the head of state has reserve powers to...

Constitutional colorblindness is a legal and philosophical principle suggesting that the Constitution of the United States, particularly the Equal Protection...

The Constitutional Court of Korea (Korean: 헌법재판소; Hanja: 憲法裁判所) is a constitutional court of South Korea, seated in Jongno, Seoul. It is one of the two...

The Constitutional Guard (French: Garde Constitutionnelle) was a French royal guard formation which lasted a few months in 1792 as part of the Maison du...

Constitutional conventions in Australia are significant meetings that have debated the Australian Constitution. The first two gatherings debated Federation...

The Constitutional Protection Movement (Chinese: 護法運動) was a series of movements led by Sun Yat-sen to resist the Beiyang government between 1917 and 1922...

The Constitutional Assembly of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Конституційна Асамблея, romanized: Konstytutsiina Asambleia) is a special auxiliary agency under the...

The Constitutional Conference of the Russian Federation (Russian: Конституционное совещание Российской Федерации) was a consultative body of representatives...

The Provisional Constitutional Order (PCO) is an emergency and extra-constitutional order that suspends either wholly or partially the Constitution of...

Constitutional Assembly of Estonia (Estonian: Põhiseaduse Assamblee) was the representative body whose goal was to create new Constitution of the Republic...

Australian constitutional law is the area of the law of Australia relating to the interpretation and application of the Constitution of Australia. Legal...

The Constitutional Court of Bavaria is the state constitutional court of the Free State of Bavaria and is one of the three constitutional bodies alongside...

The term constitutional republic is a way to highlight an emphasis on the separation of powers in a given republic, as with constitutional monarchy or...

Federal Constitutional Law is the core of the Austrian Constitution. Federal Constitutional Law may also refer to: German constitutional law, a body of...

The Constitutional Movement was a right wing political group in the United Kingdom. It was formed in 1979 by Andrew Fountaine as the National Front Constitutional...

In India, a constitutional body is a body or institution established directly by a provision of the Constitution of India, as distinct from a statutory...

In relation to juristic persons, the constitutional documents (sometimes referred to as the charter documents) are the documents which define the existence...

unconstitutional constitutional amendment is a concept in judicial review based on the idea that even a properly passed and properly ratified constitutional amendment...

Australians for Constitutional Monarchy (ACM) is a group that aims to preserve Australia's constitutional monarchy, with Charles III as King of Australia...

A constitutional right can be a prerogative or a duty, a power or a restraint of power, recognized and established by a sovereign state or union of states...

The Constitutional Arch (Italian: arco costituzionale) was a term used in the post-war Italian political discourse to describe the parties that had taken...

A constitutional referendum on expanding presidential powers is planned to be held on 30 August 2026 by the ruling military junta. "Guinea-Bissau junta...

In the United States, each state and territory has constitutional officers who lead the state governments of the United States. These officers may be elected...

A constitutional referendum was held in Kyrgyzstan on 21 October 2007, following the constitutional crisis caused by amendments passed since the Tulip...

The Constitutional Council in Chile was tasked to draft a new constitution in 2023, submitted to referendum on 17 December 2023. The Constitutional Council...

The Constitutional Bloc may refer to: Constitutional Bloc (Bulgaria), a defunct political alliance in Bulgaria Constitutional Bloc (Lebanon), a political...

The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia) is one of the apex courts in Indonesia along...

Federal Constitutional Court (German: Bundesverfassungsgericht [bʊndəsfɐˈfasʊŋsɡəˌʁɪçt] ; abbreviated: BVerfG) is the supreme constitutional court for...

within a state. Constitutional Law may also refer to: International constitutional law Constitutional theory Federal Constitutional Law (Austria) Australian...

and 15th amendments deal with slavery, equal protection and certain constitutional rights; collectively, these are known as the Reconstruction Amendments...

The Constitutional Court of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország Alkotmánybírósága) is a special court of Hungary, making judicial review of the acts of the...

Constitution of the Fourth Republic of 1946, which created at the time new constitutional rights for French citizens, including social and economic rights. The...

The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation (Russian: Конституционный Суд Российской Федерации) is a high court within the judiciary of Russia which...

republics or have a different royal house. All fifteen realms are constitutional monarchies and full democracies, where the King (or his representative)...

A constitutional referendum took place in Bangladesh on 12 February 2026, alongside the general election. Voters were asked about the provisions of the...

The United Kingdom constitutional law concerns the governance of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. With the oldest continuous political...

A constitutional law, in the Italian legal system, is an Act of Parliament that has the same strength as the Constitution of Italy. This means that in...

The Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan (立憲民主党, Rikken-minshutō; CDP or CDPJ) is a liberal political party in Japan. It is the primary centre-left...

A constitutional dictatorship is a form of government in which dictatorial powers stem from, and remain limited by, a constitution. The dictatorship usually...

The Constitutional Convention took place in Philadelphia from May 25 to September 17, 1787. While the convention was initially intended to revise the league...

The Constitutional Court (German: Staatsgerichtshof, pronounced [ˈʃtaːtsɡəˌʁɪçtshoːf]) of Liechtenstein is the ultimate legal authority in Liechtenstein...

The presumption of constitutionality is a legal principle in the constitutional law of some jurisdictions that the judiciary should presume statutes enacted...

The constitutional reforms of Sulla were a series of laws enacted by Lucius Cornelius Sulla (the Roman dictator) between 82 and 80 BC, reforming the constitution...

The Constitutional Tribunal (Polish: Trybunał Konstytucyjny [trɘˈbu.naw kɔn.stɘ.tuˈt͡sɘj.nɘ]) is the constitutional court of the Republic of Poland, a...

There are conventionally two types of monarchy: absolute monarchy and constitutional monarchy. Absolute monarchies, of which there are approximately twelve...

A convention, also known as a constitutional convention, is an uncodified tradition that is followed by the institutions of a state. In some states, notably...

The Constitutional Club was a London gentlemen's club, now dissolved, which was established in 1883 and disbanded in 1979. Between 1886 and 1959 it had...

In political science, constitutional autochthony is the process of asserting constitutional nationalism from an external legal or political power. The...

The New Zealand constitutional crisis of 1984 arose following the 1984 general election, and was caused by a major currency crisis. The crisis led the...

exercised by the prime minister of Turkey. However, constitutional amendments approved in the 2017 constitutional referendum abolished the office of prime minister...

The First Constitutional Era (Ottoman Turkish: مشروطيت; Turkish: Birinci Meşrutiyet Devri) was a period of constitutional monarchy in the Ottoman Empire...

The Constitutional Union Party was a political party which ran in the 1860 United States elections. It mostly consisted of conservative former Whigs from...

sak'onst'it'utsio sasamartlo) is the constitutional court of Georgia, the country's judicial body of constitutional review, having the greatest significance...

groups may refer to themselves as militia, unorganized militia, and constitutional militia. While groups such as the Posse Comitatus existed as early as...

from being a multi-party state) have all contributed to this reform. Constitutional reform in Kenya has been a major issue since Kenya gained independence...

On 8 November 2023 a constitutional crisis unfolded in Turkey between the Court of Cassation and the Constitutional Court when the Court of Cassation intervened...

Constitutional patriotism (German: Verfassungspatriotismus) is the idea that people should form a political attachment to the norms and values of a pluralistic...

The Constitutional Pilsener (Estonian: Põhiseaduse Pilsner) was a beer brand brewed by A. Le Coq in 2007, in celebration of the fifteenth anniversary of...

In the U.S. state of Florida, county constitutional officers are independently elected officials in each county who lead departments and perform specific...

informally as Prop 8, was a California ballot proposition and a state constitutional amendment intended to ban same-sex marriage. It passed in the November...

In law, South African constitutional litigation is the area dealing with the rules and principles concerning constitutional matters in the country of...

under British sovereignty following decolonisation, albeit with varying constitutional statuses. Britain is notably the only country to still have territories...

The Constitutional Court of Slovenia (in Slovene: Ustavno sodišče Republike Slovenije, US RS) is a special court established by the Slovenian Constitution...

A constitutional referendum was held in Kazakhstan on 15 March 2026 to determine whether to approve the draft of a new constitution of Kazakhstan. According...

The Department for Constitutional Affairs (DCA) was a United Kingdom government department. Its creation was announced on 12 June 2003; it took over the...

powers between the federal government and the provinces requires a constitutional amendment. A similar change affecting the territories can be performed...

The Constitutional Court (Thai: ศาลรัฐธรรมนูญ, RTGS: San Ratthathammanun, pronounced [sǎːn rát.tʰā.tʰām.mā.nūːn]), officially the Constitutional Court...

The Constitutional Court of Hamburg is the constitutional court of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, the highest court and one of the three constitutional...

A constitutional crisis emerged in Somalia on 30 March 2024, when the Federal Parliament of Somalia approved a series of constitutional amendments aimed...

The Constitutional Bar (Romanian: Baroul Constituțional), also known as the Romanian Constitutional Bar (Romanian: Baroul Constituțional Român) or the...

The Constitutional Declaration of the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic: الإعلان الدستوري للجمهورية العربية السورية), also known as the Interim Constitution...

The Constitutional Court of Guatemala is the highest court for constitutional law in the Republic of Guatemala. It is tasked with preserving the constitutional...

The Constitutional Court of the Italian Republic (Italian: Corte costituzionale della Repubblica Italiana) is the highest court of Italy in matters of...

Comparative constitutional law is a branch of constitutional law that focuses on the study and analysis of the constitutions of different countries to...

components of Canadian sovereignty and sits at the core of Canada's constitutional federal structure and Westminster-style parliamentary democracy. The...

a sovereign state in the Commonwealth of Nations that has the same constitutional monarch and head of state as the other realms. The current monarch is...

Persian Constitutional Revolution (Persian: مشروطیت, romanized: Mašrutiat, or انقلاب مشروطه Enqelâb-e Mašrute), also known as the Constitutional Revolution...

The Constitutional Protection junta (Chinese: 護法軍政府) of the Republic of China (Chinese: 中華民國) was established by Sun Yat-sen in Guangzhou after the death...

The office of prime minister is not established by any statute or constitutional document, but exists only by long-established convention, whereby the...

and government of France, have over time differed with the various constitutional documents since the Second Republic. The president of France is the...

In Canada, the term quasi-constitutional is used for laws which remain paramount even when subsequent statutes, which contradict them, are enacted by the...

mandatory referendums include: Constitutional changes: Some countries or local governments choose to enact any constitutional amendments with a mandatory...

Proposition 3, titled Constitutional Right to Marry, was a California ballot proposition that passed by vote in the 2024 general election on November 5...

The Constitutional Democratic Party (Russian: Конституцио́нно-демократи́ческая па́ртия, romanized: Konstitutsionno-demokraticheskaya partiya, K-D), also...

During the French Revolution, a constitutional bishop was a Catholic bishop elected from among the clergy who had sworn to uphold the Civil Constitution...

The Constitutional Party (Maltese: Partit Kostituzzjonali) was a pro-British political party in Malta. It had representatives in the Maltese Legislative...

The Constitutional Court (Arabic: المحكمة الدستورية, romanized: al-Maḥkamah al-Dustūrīyah) of Algeria is Algeria's highest judicial body. It replaced the...

The Sixth Illinois Constitutional Convention, popularly known as Con-Con, convened on December 8, 1969, and concluded on September 3, 1970. The convention...

of the Constitutional Court may refer to: Austria : President of the Constitutional Court (Austria) France : President of the Constitutional Council...

Unity Advisory on 31 May 2018. The Taskforce was assigned to provide constitutional and legislative solutions in 9 broad categories: Lack of National Ethos...

has changed dramatically since the office was created during the 1787 Constitutional Convention. Originally something of an afterthought, the vice presidency...

The Thuringian Constitutional Court (short: ThürVerfGH) is the state constitutional court of the Free State of Thuringia. The court is located in Weimar...

The Commons Constitutional Affairs Committee (est. January 2003) of the United Kingdom was a select committee of the House of Commons which looked into...

A constitutional referendum was held in Thailand alongside the general election on 8 February 2026 to ask voters whether they approve beginning the process...

republic under the rule of law and was ratified by delegates to the Constitutional Convention in 1789, as a doctrine and guiding principle. Conservative...

Constitutional reform in Japan, colloquially known as Kaiken-ron (改憲論), is an ongoing political effort to reform the Constitution of Japan. The effort...

Customary constitution or constitutional customary law is the part of the constitution that corresponds to unwritten customary law. Therefore, depending...

constitution consists of legislation, common law, Crown prerogative and constitutional conventions. Conventions may be written or unwritten. They are principles...

rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. It espouses constitutional supremacy (not parliamentary supremacy found in the United Kingdom,...

The constitutional history of Canada begins with the 1763 Treaty of Paris, in which France ceded most of New France to Great Britain. Canada was the colony...

the ruler of one of a number of modern monarchies (either absolute or constitutional). The title of king is used alongside other titles for monarchs: in...

The Peruvian Constitutional Court or Constitutional Tribunal is an independent constitutional agency of Peru that was established in the 1993 Constitution...

Amendment of the Constitution (The Family) Bill 2023 proposed to expand the constitutional definition of family to include durable relationships outside marriage...

Supreme Constitutional Court may refer to: Supreme Constitutional Court (Egypt) Supreme Constitutional Court (Syria) This disambiguation page lists articles...

The Constitutional Court of Saarland (also Saarland Constitutional Court) is the constitutional court of the German state of Saarland. The court also...

Network opposed the 17 July written deal. On 4 August 2019, the Draft Constitutional Declaration was initially signed by Ahmed Rabee for the FFC and by the...

Constitutional references to God exist in the constitutions of a number of nations, most often in the preamble. A reference to God in a legal text is called...

The Kenseikai (憲政会; "Constitutional Politics Association") was a short-lived political party in the pre-war Empire of Japan. The Kenseikai was founded...

The Constitutional Court (Portuguese: Tribunal Constitucional, pronounced [tɾiβuˈnal kõʃtitusiuˈnal]) is the supreme constitutional court of Portugal...

A constitutional referendum was held in Grenada on 24 November 2016. Voters were asked whether they approved of seven amendments, with each one voted on...

A constitutional referendum was held in Luxembourg on 7 June 2015. Although the referendum was non-binding, the government said they would adhere to the...

Appellate Committee of the House of Lords, have recognised and affirmed constitutional principles such as parliamentary sovereignty, the rule of law, democracy...

The Federal Constitutional Court (German: Bundesverfassungsgericht, usually abbreviated BVerfG) is the federal constitutional court of Germany. It is...

A constitutional referendum was held in Liberia on 3 May 1955. The changes to the constitution would grant women in the Provinces the right to vote (other...

International constitutional law is the study of constitutions in general, and combines aspects of constitutional law, public international law and legal...

The California Constitutional Conventions were two separate constitutional conventions that took place in California during the nineteenth century which...

Turkish constitutional referendum 2007 Turkish constitutional referendum 2010 Turkish constitutional referendum 2017 Turkish constitutional referendum...

jure systems of government, as specified by the incumbent regime's constitutional law. This list does not measure the degree of de facto democracy or...

Union Council of Ministers. Although the president of India is the constitutional, nominal, and ceremonial head of state, in practice and ordinarily,...

century, the Persian Constitutional Revolution created an elected parliament or Majles, and sought the establishment of a constitutional monarchy, deposing...

Ottawa. The patriation process saw the provinces granted influence in constitutional matters and resulted in the constitution being amendable by Canada only...

The Constitutional Court of Ecuador (Spanish: Corte Constitucional del Ecuador), previously the Constitutional Tribunal of Ecuador (Tribunal Constitucional...

The Scottish Constitutional Convention (SCC) was an association of Scottish political parties, churches and other civic groups, that developed a framework...

serving primarily as the country's constitutional court. It is the highest court of law in Brazil for constitutional issues and its rulings cannot be appealed...

The Constitutional Army (Spanish: Ejército constitucional), also known as the Constitutionalist Army (Spanish: Ejército constitucionalista), was the army...

The Offshore Constitutional Settlement (OCS) is an agreement between the Commonwealth of Australia and the States which provides the basis for an agreed...

The World Constitutional Convention (WCC), also known as the World Constituent Assembly (WCA) or the First World Constituent Assembly, took place in Interlaken...

Constitutional Bloc (Arabic: الكتلة الدستورية; transliterated as Al Kutla ad Dustuuriyya) was a Lebanese political party established in 1934 by Bechara...

The Constitutional Council (French: Conseil constitutionnel, [kɔ̃sɛj kɔ̃stitysjɔnɛl]) is the highest constitutional authority in France. It was established...

Constitutional pluralism is a legal doctrine dealing with real or perceived conflicts between national constitutions and international law, as enshrined...

The Missouri Constitutional Convention of 1861–1863 was a constitutional convention held in the state of Missouri during the American Civil War. The convention...

The Constitutional Council of Nepal is a constitutional body established under Article 284 of the Constitution of Nepal. Its primary mandate is to recommend...

The Political and Constitutional Reform Select Committee was a select committee of the House of Commons in the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 2010...

Israel (Hebrew: חוקי היסוד, romanized: Ḥukey HaYesod) are fifteen quasi-constitutional laws of the State of Israel. While some of them can only be changed...

Senate Constitutional Amendment 5 (SCA 5) was introduced by California State Senator Edward Hernandez to the California State Senate on December 3, 2012...

The Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR; formerly Law Center for Constitutional Rights) is an American progressive non-profit legal advocacy organization...

A constitutional referendum has been planned to be held in Burkina Faso since 2019. Shortly before his reelection in November 2020, President Kaboré, who...

Shetland and the Western Isles are all regions of Scotland. Their constitutional status has periodically been discussed, for example during the Scottish...

Compromise, also known as the Constitutional Compromise of 1787, was an agreement reached during the 1787 United States Constitutional Convention over the inclusion...

The Democratic Constitutional Rally or Democratic Constitutional Assembly (Arabic: التجمع الدستوري الديمقراطي et-Tajammu‘ ed-Dustūrī ed-Dīmuqrāṭī, French:...

A constitutional referendum concerning the reform of the judicial system was held in Italy on 22 and 23 March 2026. Its purpose was to revise Title II...

A constitutional referendum was held in Chile on 17 December 2023, to determine whether the public approved a new constitution drafted by an appointed...

Constitutional reform in the Philippines, colloquially known as charter change (cha-cha), refers to the political and legal processes needed to amend the...

The president of Peru (Spanish: presidente del Perú), officially the constitutional president of the Republic of Peru (Spanish: presidente constitucional...

such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast...

The Constitutional Court of Zimbabwe is the apex court in all constitutional matters in Zimbabwe. Established under the 2013 Constitution, it is a superior...

Macedonia established Diplomatic Relations with Republic of Namibia under constitutional name". Retrieved 2012-01-20.. A full list of these countries has not...

business matters. Feldman's work is focused on AI innovation, ethics and constitutional law with an emphasis on innovation, free speech, law and religion, and...

minister selects ministers to form the Cabinet. Not outlined in any constitutional document, the prime minister is appointed by the monarch's representative...

A constitutional referendum was held in Kyrgyzstan on 11 April 2021. The new constitution was approved by 85% of voters. Following the 2020 parliamentary...

The Constitutional Court of Slovakia (officially Constitutional Court of the Slovak Republic, Slovak: Ústavný súd Slovenskej republiky) is a special court...

The Constitutional Telegraphe (1799–1802) was a newspaper produced in Boston, Massachusetts, at the turn of the 19th century. The paper sympathized with...

kinds of political and economic systems, from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy and from a market economy to a planned economy. Some examples...

(Grundgesetz) of the Federal Republic of Germany establishes a separate Federal Constitutional Court of Germany (Bundesverfassungsgericht) that is empowered with reviewing...

remnant of the preceding absolutist Kingdom of France) was a short-lived constitutional monarchy that existed from 3 September 1791 until 21 September 1792...

A constitutional referendum was held in the Maldives on 17 and 18 April 1952. The new constitution would convert the country from a monarchy to a republic...

Parliament – Act No. 108 of 1996 – but, since the passage of the Citation of Constitutional Laws Act, neither it nor the acts amending it are allocated act numbers...

There was a constitutional crisis in Ukraine from 27 October until 25 December 2020, with an aftermath until about May 2022. On 27 October 2020, decision...

represented the monarch in the Constituent Assembly as its head, and had many constitutional roles as a nominal figurehead. In the first years after its independence...

The Constitutional Act 1791 (31 Geo. 3. c. 31) (French: Acte constitutionnel de 1791) was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain which was passed during...

The Constitutional Court (German: Verfassungsgerichtshof [fɛɐˈfasʊŋsɡəˌʁɪçtshoːf] or VfGH [faʊʔɛfɡeːˈhaː] ) in Austria is the tribunal responsible for...

shaped debate concerning which methods the Supreme Court should use in constitutional adjudication. Amid years of sustained opposition from the anti-abortion...

In the Philippines, a constitutional convention (sometimes shortened to as con-con) is one of the three ways to amend the Constitution of the Philippines...

receive enough support to win Congressional approval to go through the constitutional ratification process. Some proposed amendments are introduced over and...

The Ugandan Constitutional Conference, held at Lancaster House in the autumn of 1961, was organised by the British Government to pave the way of Ugandan...

The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Moldova (Romanian: Curtea Constituțională a Republicii Moldova) represents the sole body of constitutional jurisdiction...

The Constitutional Court of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի Հանրապետության սահմանադրական դատարան, romanized: Hayastani Hanrapetut'yan sahmanadrakan dataran)...

The Constitutional Court of Romania (Romanian: Curtea Constituțională a României) is the institution which rules on whether the laws, decrees or other...

The constitutional history of Colombia is the process of formation and evolution of the different constitutions that Colombia has had since its formation...

A constitutional referendum was held in Kyrgyzstan on 11 December 2016. The constitutional amendments were approved by around 80% of voters. The post-independence...

higher education would be entitled to elect members of the Senate. Constitutional amendment Politics of the Republic of Ireland History of the Republic...

The Constitutional Court (Spanish: Tribunal Constitucional) is the supreme interpreter of the Spanish Constitution, with the power to determine the constitutionality...

The Constitutional Union (Arabic: الاتحاد الدستوري, romanized: al-ittiḥād ad-dustūri; Standard Moroccan Tamazight: ⴰⵍⵉⵜⵜⵉⴰⴷ ⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔⵜⵓⵔⵉ, romanized: alittiad...

The Constitutional Educational League was an American anti-communist organization. Founded in 1919 during America's First Red Scare, the group gained major...

The Seiyūhontō (Japanese: 政友本党, lit. 'Orthodox Constitutional Friends Party') was a political party in Japan active from 1924 to 1927. The party was established...

parliament "violate[d] the constitutional and legal order, undermine[d] the Public Defender's role as an independent constitutional body, and erode[d] trust...

The Constitutional Court of Turkey (Turkish: Anayasa Mahkemesi or AYM) is the highest legal body for constitutional review in Turkey. It "examines the...

amendments to the Constitution of Ireland which had been recommended by the Constitutional Convention. The amendment to permit same-sex marriage in the Republic...

The Constitutional Reform of 1848 (Dutch: Grondwetsherziening van 1848) laid the basis for the present system of parliamentary democracy in the Netherlands...

Constitutional Democratic Party may refer to: Constitutional Democratic Party, Russia Constitutional Democratic Party (Italy) Constitutional Democratic...

constitution, the Portuguese Constitution of 1822, approved by the constitutional assembly or cortes (see the Liberal Revolution of 1820), the Carta was...

This article contains the results of the 1979 Iranian Constitutional Assembly election....

parliamentary supremacy or legislative supremacy, is a concept in the constitutional law of some parliamentary democracies. It holds that the legislative...

from France in 1958 (after rejecting to join the French Community in a constitutional referendum). As of 2021, there is a two-term limit for the president...

During the Persian Constitutional Revolution (1905-1911), Iranian women organized protests, raised funds, and even participated in armed resistance. Even...

The Constitutional Assembly (Indonesian: Konstituante) was a body elected in 1955 to draw up a permanent constitution for the Republic of Indonesia. It...

Two constitutional referendums were held simultaneously in Ireland on 27 October 2011, each on a proposed amendment of the Constitution of Ireland. The...

Ministry of the Interior and tasks and powers are regulated in the Federal Constitutional Protection Act (Bundesverfassungsschutzgesetz [BVerfSchG]). Together...

The Constitutional Court of Belarus is the only court in the country, which has the power of constitutional review. The main purpose of the court is to...

A constitutional referendum was held in Lithuania on 12 May 2024, alongside the first round of the presidential elections. Voters were asked whether they...

York has held nine Constitutional conventions: in 1776–1777, 1801, 1821, 1846, 1867–1868, 1894, 1915, 1938, and 1967; a Constitutional Commission in 1872–1873;...

The Constitutional debate of Canada is an ongoing debate covering various political issues regarding the fundamental law of the country. The debate can...

The Rikken Kokumintō (Japanese: 立憲国民党, lit. '"Constitutional Nationalist Party"') was a minor political party in the Empire of Japan. It was also known...

which remained in effect until 1978. The text was drafted by the 1993 Constitutional Conference, which was attended by over 800 participants. Sergei Alexeyev...

federated republic within Yugoslavia. In that form, it lasted until the constitutional reforms from 1990 to 1992, when it was reconstituted, as the Republic...

The 1980 Moroccan constitutional referendum may refer to: 23 May 1980 Moroccan constitutional referendum, a constitutional referendum held on May 23 30...

city of Suwayda. The powers of the three branches are vested by the Constitutional Declaration during the provisional period as follows: legislative power...

member of the Democratic Party (PD), Boschi served as Minister for Constitutional Reforms and Relations with the Parliament from February 2014 to December...

The calling of a Second Constitutional Convention of the United States is a proposal made by some academics and activists from across the political spectrum...

Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania (in Lithuanian: Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucinis Teismas) is the constitutional court of the Republic...

The Constitutional Court of Colombia (Spanish: Corte Constitucional de Colombia) is the supreme constitutional court of Colombia. Part of the Judiciary...

The Nyasaland Constitutional Party (NCP) was a political party in Malawi. The party was established in April 1963 as a continuation of the Nyasaland branch...

The Junior Constitutional Club was a political London gentlemen's club founded in 1887, and located at 101 Piccadilly. It was aligned to the Conservative...

The Supreme Constitutional Court (Arabic: المحكمة الدستورية العليا, Al-Mahkamah al-Dustūrīyah al-‘Ulyā) is the highest court within the judiciary of Syria...

The monarchy of Belgium is the constitutional and hereditary institution of the monarchical head of state of the Kingdom of Belgium. As a popular monarchy...

The Constitutional Council (Kazakh: Конституциялық Кеңес, romanized: Konstitutsiialyq Keñes) was a collective body of constitutional jurisdiction in Kazakhstan...

Bulgarian Constitutional Clubs, also known as Union of the Bulgarian Constitutional Clubs (Bulgarian: Съюз на българските конституционни клубове), was...

Constitutional Convention elections were held in the Federated States of Micronesia on 9 January 1990, following the approval of the election in a 1989...

Rights, enacted in 1960, which was a federal statute rather than a constitutional document. The Bill of Rights exemplified an international trend towards...

Constitution Party, Constitutional Party, or Constitutionalist Party may refer to one of several political parties. Constitution Party (Egypt) Constitution...

A referendum on requirements for elections and the composition of the Supreme Court was held in Liberia on 3 May 1927. It proposed to alter the requirements...

Constitutional Assembly elections were held in Cuba on 15 November 1939. The result was a victory for the Opposition Front, which won 41 of the 76 seats...

the judgments of the Constitutional Court of South Africa by year of delivery and by author. List of judgments of the Constitutional Court of South Africa...

The 1953 Yugoslav Constitutional Law was a big packet of constitutional amendments to the 1946 Yugoslav Constitution, the communist state constitution...

and Constitutional Guarantees. Greenwood Publishing Group. Halbrook, Stephen P. (1994). That Every Man Be Armed: The Evolution of a Constitutional Right...

The Constitutional Sheriffs and Peace Officers Association (CSPOA) is a political organization of local police officials in the United States who contend...

Constitutional Amendment Bill no. 3/2021 (popularly known as Constitutional Amendment of Shielding, Constitutional Amendment of Immunity or Constitutional...

election to be held on June 3 of that year, to elect 72 delegates to a constitutional convention. On May 11, Stevenson's successor, George L. Shoup, issued...

A constitutional referendum was held in the Maldives on Saturday 4 April 2026, the same day as the local elections. The referendum asked voters whether...

The Constitutional Forum, whose domain name was xianzheng.net, was a Mainland China-based academic thought forum dedicated to constitutional theory and...

citizen-initiated constitutional amendments, Massachusetts and Mississippi are the only two states with indirect initiated state constitutional amendment. In...

Constitutional Assembly elections were held in Nicaragua on 6 February 1972. Elections in the Americas A Data Handbook Volume 1. North America, Central...

disorders'. The term 'constitutional psychopathic inferiority' eventually caught on in the US by the 1920s. The idea of 'constitutional' meant within the...

has the power of judicial review, which allows it to determine the constitutionality of any law or official act. The modern Supreme Court was established...

The Constitutional Council (CC) is a 10-member constitutional authority in Sri Lanka tasked with maintaining independent commissions and monitoring its...

(such as the King's Law of Denmark–Norway), they are distinct from constitutional monarchies, in which the authority of the monarch is restricted (e.g...

governor general carries out the day-to-day constitutional and ceremonial duties of the monarch. The constitutional duties include appointing lieutenant governors...

The Iraqi Constitutional Monarchy (ICM; Arabic: الملكية الدستورية العراقية) is a monarchist political party in Iraq formerly led by the late Sharif Ali...

The Polish constitutional crisis, also known as the Polish rule-of-law crisis, is a political conflict ongoing since 2015 in which the Polish government...

The Order of Constitutional Merit is a civil order of merit established by royal decree on 18 November 1988. The order is granted those who have carried...

the Roman Catholic Church and to certain other named denominations. Constitutional amendment Politics of the Republic of Ireland History of the Republic...

A constitutional referendum was held in the Comoros on 20 October 1996. The proposed amendments would set the presidential term at 6 years, create a unicameral...

The Constitutional Court of Zambia is the apex court in Zambia for matters related to the Constitution. It was established in 2016, before which the High...

The Constitutional Court of Kosovo (Albanian: Gjykata Kushtetuese e Kosovës; Serbian: Уставни суд Косова, Ustavni sud Kosova) is the final authority for...

Grunnlovsforsamlingen or Riksforsamlingen) is the name given to the 1814 constitutional assembly that adopted the Norwegian Constitution and formalised the...

The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Croatia (Croatian: Ustavni sud Republike Hrvatske) is an institution that acts as the interpreter and guardian...

constitutional identity in the context of the transfer of power from Nation State level to the European level. Understood in this way, Constitutional...

people, democratically expressed, in both jurisdictions in the island". Constitutional amendment Politics of the Republic of Ireland History of the Republic...

either totally or partially. A constitutional referendum, which can be requested in some cases when a new constitutional law is approved by Parliament...

A constitutional referendum was held in Mali on 18 June 2023. It was initially scheduled for 9 July 2017. However, in late June 2017 it was postponed with...

The Constitutional Elements (Spanish: Elementos Constitucionales) were a set of guidelines in the form of a draft constitution for Mexico (then still the...

The Constitutional Accountability Center (CAC) is a non-profit think tank located in Washington, D.C., that seeks to advance a progressive interpretation...

A constitutional referendum was held in Liberia on 7 May 1946. The change to the constitution was approved in the Legislature in December 1945, and would...

Advice is a formal instruction given by one constitutional officer of state to another that, in many parliamentary systems, is usually binding. For example...

Azerbaijan province, Iran. During and following the years which led to the Constitutional Revolution, the house was used as a gathering place for the leaders...

Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, instituted proceedings before the Constitutional Court for an evaluation of the consistency of the Constitution of the...

conducted on non-constitutional issues are known as plebiscites, with the term referendum being reserved solely for votes on constitutional changes, which...

Illinois in 1969. These included the election of members of Illinois Constitutional Convention and special elections for a number of offices. 1969 was an...

The Constitutional Court of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Конституційний Суд України, romanized: Konstytutsiinyi Sud Ukrainy, pronounced [konstɪtʊˈts⁽ʲ⁾ijnɪj ˈsud...

Kentucky Constitutional Amendment 1 of 2004, is an amendment to the Kentucky Constitution that made it unconstitutional for the state to recognize or perform...

Privy Council, which counsels the Sultan on questions of compassion, constitutional modifications, and honorific designations, the Legislative Council,...

A constitutional referendum was held in France on 28 September 1958. Voters were asked whether they approved of the adoption of a constitution for the...

the 1787 Constitutional Convention between two groups, one maintaining that the national legislature should have no role in the constitutional amendment...

The Plurinational Constitutional Tribunal (Spanish: Tribunal Constitucional Plurinacional) is a national court in Bolivia charged with adjudicating the...

The Girondin constitutional project, presented to the French National Convention on 15 and 16 February 1793 by Nicolas de Caritat, formerly the Marquis...

supreme law of the Philippines. Its final draft was completed by the Constitutional Commission on October 12, 1986, and ratified by a nationwide plebiscite...

elected at the papal conclave). Most of the monarchies in Europe are constitutional monarchies, which means that the monarch does not influence the politics...

The Guam Constitutional Convention of 1977 was a constitutional convention that took place in Agana, Guam, in 1977. Under the authority granted by the...

The Constitutional Sources Project (ConSource) is a non-profit organization that provides source documents on the history of the United States Constitution...

ended with the withdrawal of Soviet forces from Iranian territory. A constitutional amendment in 1949 granted the Shah the authority to dissolve the Majles...

Federation governed by mutually constituted world law. The idea of holding a constitutional convention to develop a world constitution had been discussed and planned...

A constitutional referendum was held in Ghana on 27 April 1960. The main issue was a change in the country's status from a constitutional monarchy with...

A constitutional referendum was held in Benin on 2 December 1990. The main issues were changing the political system to a multi-party system, with a secondary...

A constitutional referendum was held in the Maldives in August 1953. The proposed amendments would result in the country becoming a sultanate again. This...

Most U.S. states and the District of Columbia have a constitutional, statutory, judicial code, or court decision provision either expressly or by interpretation...

Constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) is a term describing a temporary delay in the skeletal growth and thus height of a child with no physical...

The Constitutional Reform Commission (Bengali: সংবিধান সংস্কার কমিশন, romanized: Sôṅbidhān Sôṅskār Kômiśôn) was established by the Interim government in...

A constitutional referendum was held in Guinea on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum across the French Union (and France itself) on whether...

The Constitutional Court (Dutch: Grondwettelijk Hof; French: Cour constitutionelle; German: Verfassungsgerichtshof) is the federal constitutional court...

The National Constitutional Assembly is a social-democratic and pan-Africanist political party. It was originally a non-governmental organisation formed...

A constituent assembly (also known as a constitutional convention, constitutional congress, or constitutional assembly) is a body assembled for the purpose...

Henri's role was largely ceremonial as a constitutional monarch. However, he sparked a minor constitutional crisis in 2008 when he refused to grant royal...

democratic periods. The Constitution of Brazil, along with several constitutional amendments, establishes the requirements, powers, and responsibilities...

civil servant, jurist, diplomat and statesman known for his role as the constitutional advisor to the Constituent Assembly of India. He was also India's representative...

A constitutional referendum was held in Bolivia on 25 January 2009, postponed from the initially planned dates of 4 May 2008 and then 7 December 2008....

Constitutional Convention elections were held in Nauru on 16 December 1967. The convention was established by the Nauru Legislative Council as a result...

Article 50, at the time the 1937 Constitution was adopted, provided that constitutional amendments could be enacted by the Oireachtas (parliament) under the...

The governor of Tamil Nadu is the constitutional head of state of Tamil Nadu and the representative of the president of India in the state. In the state...

A constitutional referendum was held in Paraguay on 4 August 1940. It saw voters approve the new constitution. In 1939, amid a political stalemate, President...

since 1911, including the passing of the Parliament Act 1949. Some constitutional lawyers had questioned the validity of the 1949 act. These doubts were...

A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in French Polynesia on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union...

constitutional monarchy. However, the king is vested with somewhat more executive and legislative power than is typically the case for constitutional...

also has the power of judicial review, except for constitutional matters, reserved to the Constitutional Court. The Court was originally established pursuant...

A constitutional referendum was held in Niger on 12 May 1996. The new constitution would restore multi-party democracy after the military coup earlier...

The constitutional history of Tokelau comprises several acts and amendments. Tokelau comprises the three Pacific atolls of Atafu, Nukunonu, and Fakaofo...

The Constitutional Court is the highest authority in Benin on matters of constitutionality. Composed of seven justices, it is the body that regulates the...

A constitutional referendum was held in the Marshall Islands on 25 April 2025. Citizens voted on amendments to the constitution proposed by parliament...

A constitutional referendum regarding the prince's powers was held in Liechtenstein on 14 March 2003. The referendum had two questions: a "Princely Initiative"...

Libia), known as the United Kingdom of Libya from 1951 to 1963, was a constitutional monarchy in North Africa. That came into existence upon independence...

that a Constitutional Loya Jirga should be convened to draft a new constitution. The Emergency Loya Jirga of 2002 set up an Afghan Constitutional Commission...

was attempting to gain control of the Constitutional Court. In May 2022, 6 of 7 magistrates of the Constitutional Court were replaced in an opaque procedure...

A constitutional referendum was held in Uruguay on 25 November 1917. Amongst the changes to the system of government, the new constitution would create...

The Young Finnish Party or Constitutional-Fennoman Party (Finnish: Nuorsuomalainen Puolue or Perustuslaillis-Suomenmielinen Puolue) was a liberal and nationalist...

The 25th Constitutional Government of Portugal (Portuguese: XXV Governo Constitucional de Portugal) is the current cabinet of the Portuguese government...

so was never put to a vote. The Twenty-first Amendment introduced a constitutional ban on the death penalty and removed all references to capital punishment...

Constitutional Project for Corsica (French: Projet de constitution pour la Corse) is the second of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's three works on political affairs...

The Libyan Constitutional Union is a Libyan monarchist political organization which proclaimed its opposition to the regime of Libya's Colonel Muammar...

Constitutional Assembly elections were held in Panama on 5 May 1945. On 28 December 1944, a severe political crisis took place just prior to the opening...

The Movement for the Return of Constitutional Legitimacy and its affiliated groups, such as the Libyan Constitutional Union, in Libya advocate for the...

The Constitutional Court of Russia is one of two highest courts in court system of the Russian Federation. It is composed of eleven Judges of the Constitutional...

U.S. Senate, eleven wars have been declared by Congress under their constitutional power to do so, beginning with the declaration of war against Great...

Garantism, also known as the theory of constitutional guarantees, is a legal theory and political philosophy developed by Italian jurist Luigi Ferrajoli...

President of the Constitutional Court of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuvos Konstitucinio Teismo pirmininkas) is the chief justice of the Constitutional Court, overseeing...

Constitution, at the time the world's longest, greatly changed the constitutional setup within Yugoslavia. It increased the autonomy of Kosovo and Vojvodina...

The Constitutional Reform Committee is a committee of the Government of Jamaica tasked with revising and reforming Jamaica's constitutional arrangements...

The Federal Constitutional Court (abbr. FCC; Urdu: وفاقی آئینی عدالت, romanised: Wafāqī Āʾīnī ʿAdālat) is the constitutional court of the Islamic Republic...

In early December 1936, a constitutional crisis in the British Empire arose when King Edward VIII proposed to marry Wallis Simpson, an American socialite...

A constitutional referendum was held in Equatorial Guinea on 16 November 1991. The new constitution would replace the one-party state with multi-party...

The Constitutional Court (Serbian: Уставни суд, romanized: Ustavni sud) is the court authorized to perform judicial review in Serbia. It rules on whether...

state of Sudan, formed on 21 August 2019, by the August 2019 Draft Constitutional Declaration. The initial council was dissolved by its Chairman Abdel...

The Second Constitutional Era (Ottoman Turkish: ایكنجی مشروطیت دورى; Turkish: İkinci Meşrutiyet Devri) was the period of restored parliamentary rule in...

A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in Niger on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union. The new...

multicameral, depending on their constitutional design. There are several types of legislatures, reflecting the different constitutional principles of power on...

uncodified traditions and conventions. Canada is one of the oldest constitutional monarchies in the world. The Constitution of Canada comprises core written...

chief justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia (Indonesian: Ketua Mahkamah Konstitusi) is the head of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. First...

either the central or constituent-unit authorities without following the constitutional amendment process. Sovereign power is formally divided between a central...

The monarchy of Denmark is a constitutional institution and an office of the Kingdom of Denmark. The Kingdom includes Denmark proper and the autonomous...

August 1963) is the President of the Constitutional Court of Turkey. He served as rapporteur of the Constitutional Court between 2005 and 2011 and as a...

August 1994 by a Constitutional Assembly that met in the twin cities of Santa Fe and Paraná. The calling for elections for the Constitutional Convention and...

legislative elections (see Russian constitutional crisis of 1993). This event marked the end of Russia's first constitutional period, which was defined by the...

7th Constitutional Government was sworn in. Internal issues within the Alliance forced a new government to take office, the VIII Constitutional Government...

related opinion essay published in The Washington Post by the title "Our constitutional crisis is already here". He continued his criticism of Trump in November...

imposed by a dictatorship). During the Greek War of Independence, three constitutional texts (Constitutions of 1822, 1823 and 1827) were adopted by the Greek...

Constitution of Tonga established the role of the monarch. The first constitutional monarch of Tonga was George Tupou I. Three days before his coronation...

The Constitutional Act of the Realm of Denmark (Danish: Danmarks Riges Grundlov), also known as the Constitutional Act of the Kingdom of Denmark, or simply...

Florida's Constitution of 1885, its fifth, was drawn up by the Constitutional Convention of 1885. The convention was held from June 9, 1885, until August...

It would have shielded slavery within the states from the federal constitutional amendment process and from abolition or interference by Congress. Although...

monarchies of Malaysia exist in each of the nine Malay states under the constitutional monarchy system as practised in Malaysia. The political system of Malaysia...

a retaliatory act of violence against the speaker. In United States constitutional law, the term describes words that inflict injury or would tend to incite...

An Australian constitutional referendum was planned, and then abandoned, in 2013. The referendum was proposed to change section 96 of the Constitution...

the Constitutional Union Party, which sought to avoid disunion by resolving divisions over slavery with some new compromise. The 1860 Constitutional Union...

In the history of Utah, the Utah Constitutional Convention was held from March 4, 1895 to May 8, 1895. The 1895 convention was the Utah Territory's seventh...

The Society for Constitutional Information was a British activist group founded in 1780 by Major John Cartwright, to promote parliamentary reform and knowledge...

elections in Tirana despite a pending appeal by mayor Erion Veliaj; the Constitutional Court of Albania later suspended and annulled the Tirana part of the...

Ohio Constitutional Convention (1912) was Ohio's 4th constitutional convention. Ohio voters voted 693,263 to 67,718 on November 8, 1910, to hold a state...

A constitutional referendum was held in Puerto Rico on 6 November 1994. Voters were asked whether they approved of two amendments, one to eliminate the...

The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Tatarstan (Russian: Конституционный Суд Республики Татарстан, Tatar: Татарстан Республикасы Конституция суды...

The Constitutional Rights Union (CRU) (Armenian: Սահմանադրական իրավունքների միություն, romanized: Sahmanadrakan iravunk’neri miut’yun) is a conservative...

The UC Law Constitutional Quarterly is a quarterly law review covering constitutional law edited by students of the University of California College of...

defined by the Minnesota State Legislature. The routes from 1 to 70 are constitutional routes, defined as part of the Babcock Amendment to the Minnesota State...

The Iranian Constitutional Revolution was a short-lived push for democratic rule in the form of a constitutional monarchy within a highly elitist yet decentralized...

that the Assembly was in contempt of court and in violation of the constitutional order. The TSJ court then began to approve multiple actions performed...

A constitutional referendum was held in French Sudan and Niger on 21 October 1945 as part of the wider French constitutional referendum. The first question...

Constitutional Court of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbo-Croatian: Ustavni sud Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine) was established by the Constitution...

A referendum on constitutional reform was held in Mexico on 22 September 1867. After the execution of the Emperor Maximilian, reinstated President Benito...

of the State Council, heads of Executive Ministries, Justices of the Constitutional Court, judges, members of the National Election Commission, the Chairperson...

Uganda. It was developed by the Supreme Court of India in a series of constitutional law cases in the 1960s and 1970s that culminated in Kesavananda Bharati...

The Provisional Constitutional Order Judges case (shortened to PCO Judges case) refers to cases heard and decided by the Pakistan Supreme Court pertaining...

may either be voluntarily or, as is the case in many countries for a constitutional amendment, as a mandatory part of the procedure for passing a law. These...

The Sasang constitutional medicine (Korean: 사상의학; Hanja: 四象醫學) or Sasang typology is a typological constitution medicine within traditional Korean medicine...

A constitutional referendum was held in Liberia on 1 May 1945. The change to the constitution was approved in the Legislature in December 1945, and would...

choice, Christos Sartzetakis. At the same time, Papandreou announced a constitutional revision to remove the powers of the president that acted as checks...

A constitutional referendum was held in the Northern Mariana Islands on 2 November 2010, alongside the election for the islands' representative to the...

exist. However, the Ninth Amendment has rarely played any role in U.S. constitutional law, and until the 1980s was often considered "forgotten" or "irrelevant"...

constitution, but has evolved as a political convention based on the constitutional principle that the prime minister is appointed (with the subsequent...

Missouri Amendment 2 or Missouri Constitutional Amendment 2 can refer to multiple amendments to the state constitution in Missouri: 2004 Missouri Amendment...

Aotearoa: Independent Working Group on Constitutional Transformation is a Māori initiative made up of constitutional experts and respected Māori leaders...

The constitutional organizations of Thailand (Thai: องค์กรตามรัฐธรรมนูญ; RTGS: ongkon tam ratthathammanun) are executive branch agencies of the Government...

Constitutional Political Economy is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal on constitutional economics published by Springer Science+Business Media...

Australia has multiple forms. It includes a written constitution, unwritten constitutional conventions, statutes, regulations, and the judicially determined common...

and by the people. — Constitution of the French Fourth Republic The constitutional amendment of 25 June 1992 added the first paragraph, designating French...

Constitutional Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасының Конституциялық Соты; Russian: Конституционный Суд Республики Казахстан)...

The Supreme Constitutional Court (Arabic: المحكمة الدستورية العليا, Al Mahkama Al Dustūrīya El ‘Ulyā) is an independent judicial body in Egypt, located...

The Constitutional Court of South Africa is the supreme constitutional court established by the Constitution of South Africa, and is the apex court in...

The secretary for Constitutional and Mainland Affairs is the head of the Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau in Government of Hong Kong, which...

The Constitutional Tribunal of the Union (Burmese: နိုင်ငံတော်ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအခြေခံဥပဒေဆိုင်ရာခုံရုံး) is the constitutional court of Myanmar under the 2008...

The Seiyū Club (Japanese: 政友倶楽部, "Constitutional Friends Club") was a short-lived political party in Japan. The party was established in February 1913...

political power, under the 1946 constitution his role in the system of constitutional monarchy is reduced to "the symbol of the State and of the unity of...

culture but only accept the principles of the country's constitution (constitutional patriotism). Civic nationalism is frequently contrasted with ethnic...

several years and still occur normally, in which case it is considered constitutional delay of growth and puberty, a common variation of healthy physical...

The first attempts at a constitutional system in China started near the end of the Qing dynasty, which was overthrown following the 1911 Revolution. The...

A constitutional crisis emerged in Bangladesh on 5 August 2024, after the prime minister, Sheikh Hasina, resigned and exile to India as protesters stormed...

Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is a constitutional body in India tasked with recruiting officers for All India Services and the Central Civil Services...

The Greek constitutional crisis of 1985 was the first constitutional dispute to occur in the newly formed Third Hellenic Republic after the fall of the...

so-called "unconstitutional constitutional law"—that is, an amendment to constitutional law text that appears constitutional by its form, albeit unconstitutional...

known simply as the attorney general (AG), is one of Arkansas's seven constitutional officers. The officeholder serves as the state's top law enforcement...

Japanese constitutional monarchy contributed to its 1906 peak in published materials by Qing aristocrats. Usage of gònghé among these constitutional monarchists...

making a decision for an undetermined period). There are usually strict constitutional conventions concerning when these powers may be used, and these conventions...

The Polish Constitutional Tribunal crisis has been an ongoing political conflict in Poland starting in the second half of 2015 over the appointment of...

December 1941 in Patara Toneti, Tetritskaro) is a former member of the Constitutional Court of Georgia. In 1967 graduated from the law faculty of Permi State...

the Kingdom of Spain. It was enacted after its approval in 1978 in a constitutional referendum; it represents the culmination of the Spanish transition...

president of the Constitutional Court of Korea (Korean: 헌법재판소장; Hanja: 憲法裁判所長; RR: Heonbeopjaepansojang) is the chief justice of the Constitutional Court of Korea...

In chemistry, a structural isomer (or constitutional isomer in the IUPAC nomenclature) of a compound is a compound that contains the same number and type...

presidents of the Constitutional Court (German: Präsident des Verfassungsgerichtshofs) of Austria. The president of the Constitutional Court is the head...

the Supreme Court of Canada Germany : List of justices of the Federal Constitutional Court Ghana : List of justices of the Supreme Court of Ghana Iceland :...

The Coloured vote constitutional crisis, also known as the Coloured vote case, was a constitutional crisis that occurred in the Union of South Africa...

constitutionnelle) is the supreme authority on Burundi's constitutional law. The Constitutional Court deals with the interpretation of the Constitution...

The Rikken Seiyūkai (立憲政友会; Association of Friends of Constitutional Government) was one of the main political parties in the pre-war Empire of Japan....

provisions of Chapters 3–8, require the same approval as a federal constitutional law, that is, a two-thirds supermajority vote in the State Duma (the...

Minister Han Duck-soo assumed the role of acting president pending the Constitutional Court's decision on whether to accept the impeachment. Han was himself...

A constitutional referendum was held in Chad on 10 December 1989. The new constitution made the country a one-party state with the National Union for Independence...

A constitutional referendum was scheduled to be held in Ghana on 17 December 2019, alongside district level elections. The proposed amendments to the constitution...

The Constitutional history of Australia is the history of Australia's foundational legal principles. Australia's legal origins as a nation state began...

to oversee the grand vizier. With the constitutional amendments that took place during the Second Constitutional Era, the grand vizier was made answerable...

Representatives, the District is represented by a delegate, who because of the constitutional provisions is not allowed to vote on the House floor but under House...

Yuan and direct democracy exercised by the de facto residents before constitutional amendments made it a dormant body in 2000 and dissolved it (subject...

rights and the social contract that would help form the foundation of constitutional government. The era of the Declaration of Independence is sometimes...

A constitutional referendum was held in French Somaliland on 5 May 1946 as part of the wider French constitutional referendum. The proposed new constitution...

France by an electoral college. The provisional constitutional commission, acting in lieu of the constitutional council, proclaimed the results of the election...

Third Amendment may refer to the: 2004 Arkansas Amendment 3, constitutional ban on same-sex marriage, civil unions and civil union equivalents in the Arkansas...

form of original, appellate and advisory jurisdictions. As the apex constitutional court, it takes up appeals primarily against verdicts of the High Courts...

The Turnhalle Constitutional Conference was a conference held in Windhoek between 1975 and 1977, tasked with the development of a constitution for a self-governed...

The Marshall-Brennan Constitutional Literacy Project is civic education program in which law students work with local high schools to enhance understanding...

The Federal Constitutional Law (German: Bundes-Verfassungsgesetz, abbreviated B-VG) is a federal constitutional law in Austria serving as the centerpiece...

his leadership, violence erupted across Moscow in the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis. As a result, a new constitution was implemented and the 1993...

A double referendum was held in Transnistria on 24 December 1995. Voters were asked whether they approved of a new constitution and membership of the Commonwealth...

Sultan of Selangor (سلطان سلاڠور) is the title of the constitutional ruler of Selangor, Malaysia who is the head of state and head of the Islamic religion...

The Constitutional Court of Chile (Tribunal Constitucional de Chile in Spanish) is Chile's constitutional tribunal. It is not part of the judicial branch...

to further legitimise his succession. However, doubts regarding the constitutional legitimacy of the succession led to heavy regional pressure being placed...

National Constitutional Council (NCC; Bengali: জাতীয় সাংবিধানিক কাউন্সিল) is a proposed national institution proposed by the Constitutional Reform Commission...

Alberto Fernández. The constitution of Argentina, along with several constitutional amendments, establishes the requirements, powers, and responsibilities...

Constitutional Assembly elections were held in Nicaragua on 6 November 1938. The elections held on 6 November 1938 were even more of a sham than those...

when the country was reconstituted as a confederacy (state union) via constitutional reform, the head of state was known as the president of the Federal...

alternated between absolute and semi-constitutional monarchy from 1822 until 1834, when it would remain a semi-constitutional monarchy until its fall. The Kingdom...

The Constitutional Court of Korea is one of two highest courts in the court system of South Korea. It is composed of nine Constitutional Court justices...

The Constitutional Assembly of Latvia (Latvian: Satversmes sapulce) was independent Latvia's first elected legislative body. Its main task was creating...

history of the Constitution of Chile dates from 1811. There were 10 constitutional texts and a draft for a federal organization in 1826. Its common elements...

as the 9th president of the Constitutional Court of Korea. He has been described as progressive bloc of the Constitutional Court. Born 27 January 1966...

Territory. The 74th amendment to the Constitution of India in 1992 provided constitutional framework for the establishment of Urban Local Bodies. There are three...

The Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention (NICC) was an elected body set up in 1975 by the United Kingdom Labour government of Harold Wilson as an...

American political scientist and constitutional scholar and advocate for academic freedom, who taught general constitutional law, administrative law and civil...

A constitutional referendum was held in Panama on 24 April 1983. Voters were asked whether they approved of a series of amendments to the 1972 constitution...

The Cornish Constitutional Convention (CCC; Cornish: Senedh Kernow) was formed in November 2000 with the objective of establishing a devolved Cornish Assembly...

Constitutional Assembly elections were held in South Vietnam on 11 September 1966. A total of 532 candidates contested the 117 seats. The Assembly drafted...

its enforceable constitutional laws are existing in format of unwritten constitution, when recognized by decisions of the Constitutional Court of Korea...

a unitary state under a presidential representative democracy and a constitutional republic within a pluriform multi-party system. The term government...

A referendum on the length of terms of office was held in Liberia on 3 May 1870. After the political dispute that had followed the disputed result of a...

Senate. The election coincided with elections for all of Michigan's constitutional offices; governor, attorney general, secretary of state and all 110...

The state auditor of Missouri is an elected constitutional officer in the executive branch of government of the U.S. state of Missouri. Thirty-eight individuals...

Islamic Constitutional Movement (الحركة الدستورية الإسلامية Al-Haraka Al-Dosturiya Al-Islamiyah, Hadas) is a Kuwaiti Islamist political organization. It's...

to Duke University, began offering lectures on, but not degrees in, Constitutional and International Law. During this time, Trinity was located in Randolph...

The constitutional law of the United States is the body of law governing the interpretation and implementation of the United States Constitution. The subject...

Constitutional French Monarchy may refer to: Kingdom of the French (1791–1792), the constitutional reign of Louis XVI First French Empire (1804–1814, 1815)...

provides for an independent judiciary, led by a Supreme Court and a Constitutional Court. The Ministry of Justice handles the administration of courts...

Pakistan. Retrieved 2021-07-12. Khan, Hamid Constitutional and Political History of Pakistan (2017). Constitutional and Political History of Pakistan (3rd ed...

A constitutional referendum was held in France in 1973 and 1974. While most voting took place in July 1793, the last day of voting was not until 4 April...

Proposition 4 of 1911 (or Senate Constitutional Amendment No. 8) was an amendment of the Constitution of California that granted women the right to vote...

the field of constitutional law. It was created in 1990 after the fall of the Berlin Wall, at a time of urgent need for constitutional assistance in...

organisation of government, the relationship between the different constitutional organs, and lays out the fundamental rights of Finnish citizens, and...

station. The move was considered as a step toward the possibility of the constitutional referendum taking place. Prime Minister Kishida renewed calls for the...

Citizens for Constitutional Freedom (C4CF), later also known as People for Constitutional Freedom (P4CF), was the name taken on January 4, 2016, by an...

approved in the same election in which it was ratified. More than 150 constitutional amendments have been approved by Oklahoma voters. From 1890 onward,...

A constitutional referendum was held in French Somaliland on 13 October 1946 as part of the wider French constitutional referendum. Although the proposed...

proposals for constitutional reform in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy governed...

Constitutional Court of the Republic of Latvia (Latvian: Latvijas Republikas Satversmes tiesa, also the Satversme Court) is an independent court, which...

The Constitutional Right Party (Finnish: Perustuslaillinen Oikeistopuolue, Swedish: Konstitutionella högerpartiet), from 1973 to 1980 Constitutional People's...

"The Society of Constitutional Republicans. Those citizens who are in favour of the proposition for forming "The Society of Constitutional Republicans."...

The Constitutional Courant was a single issue colonial American-newspaper published in response to the Stamp Act 1765. It was printed by William Goddard...

A constitutional referendum was held in French Cameroons on 5 May 1946 as part of the wider French constitutional referendum. The proposed new constitution...

Constitutional Assembly elections were held in Cuba on 5 March 1928. The result was a victory for the Liberal Party, which won 29 of the 55 seats. Dieter...

a trial court, serving as an intermediate body before appeal to the constitutional court, court of cassation, supreme court, or other highest judicial...

The constitutional institutions of Italy (Italian: organi costituzionali italiani) are institutions of the Italian Republic which are defined in the constitution...

court until 2020.) Constitutional Court (憲法法庭): abstract review of the constitutionality of statutes and regulations, constitutional complaint against...

The 1860 Constitutional Union National Convention met on May 9, 1860, in Baltimore, Maryland. It was the only national convention ever held by the Constitutional...

the Constitution of the Republic of Colombia. It was promulgated in Constitutional Gazette number 114 on Sunday, July 7, 1991, and is also known as the...

Callao (Spanish pronunciation: [kaˈʝa.o]) is a seaside city and constitutional province in Peru. Located next to the Pacific Ocean, it forms part of the...

has since been amended four times: in 1986, 2001, 2008 and 2019. The constitutional history of Greece goes back to the Greek War of Independence (1821–1832)...

Constitutional Assembly elections were held in Cuba on 15 September 1900. The result was a victory for the Republican–Democratic Coalition (an alliance...

The politics of Turkey take place in the framework of a constitutional republic and presidential system, with various levels and branches of power. Turkey's...

The secretary of state of Maine is a constitutional officer in the U.S. state of Maine and serves as the head of the Maine Department of State. The secretary...

The Association of Asian Constitutional Courts and Equivalent Institutions (AACC) is an association of the constitutional courts and other equivalent institutions...

press department to use the phrase Canada's New Government. Canada is a constitutional monarchy, wherein the role of the reigning sovereign is both legal and...

union of the United States in 1788, Virginia's five unlimited state constitutional conventions took place in 1829–30, 1850, around the time of the Civil...

role, Regions acquired a significant level of autonomy following a constitutional reform in 2001 (brought about by a centre-left government and confirmed...

The Constitutional Court (Dutch: Constitutioneel hof) is the constitutional court for the Republic of Suriname. Its establishment was already foreseen...

and some types of private bodies like trade unions, and the British constitutional concept of the rule of law as articulated by A. V. Dicey and others...

and regional legislatures Establishing a Constitutional Court for guarding and defending the constitutional system as set forth in the constitution. Establishing...

A constitutional referendum was held in Uruguay on 16 December 1951. The proposed amendments to the constitution were approved by 54% of voters. The proposed...

then Prime Minister of South Korea, became acting president while the Constitutional Court of Korea was due to determine whether to accept the impeachment...

Constitutional Convention elections were held in Kuwait on 30 December 1961, having originally been planned for 1 November. Voters elected a body responsible...

associated with views that contemporary society should be considered in the constitutional interpretation of phrases. The Constitution is referred to as the living...