The village has a long history, perhaps first being mentioned in the will of King Alfred the Great. It is in the Sussex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
High ground nearby is known as Compton Down and on a part of the down known as Telegraph Hill there was an Admiralty semaphore station.
For education, the rural village consists of an all-through primary school, Compton & Up Marden Church of England Primary School, and Littlegreen Academy, a specialist primary and secondary school predominantly aimed at supporting boys aged 7-16 with a diverse range of social, emotional and mental health needs. The school is situated north of the village and its settlement consists of a grade II listed country manor. Since January 2019, the school has been part of the Solent Academies Trust.