Columbia Peak

Columbia Peak
This image shows Columbia Peak on the left, and Columbia Glacier on the right with Blanca Lake in the foreground, looking North.
Highest point
Elevation7,172 ft (2,186 m) NGVD 29[1]
Prominence1,132 ft (345 m)[1]
Parent peakKyes Peak[1]
Isolation1.30 mi (2.09 km)[1]
Coordinates47°57′42″N 121°21′40″W / 47.9617739°N 121.3612182°W / 47.9617739; -121.3612182[2]
Geography
Columbia Peak is located in Washington (state)
Columbia Peak
Columbia Peak
Location in Washington
Columbia Peak is located in the United States
Columbia Peak
Columbia Peak
Columbia Peak (the United States)
LocationSnohomish County, Washington, U.S.
Parent rangeCascade Range
Topo mapUSGS Blanca Lake
Climbing
Easiest routeclass 3 scrambling

Columbia Peak is a mountain peak in the Henry M. Jackson Wilderness in the U.S. state of Washington. Columbia Peak rises to 7,172 feet (2,186 m). Together with Monte Cristo Peak and Kyes Peak it forms a basin that contains Columbia Glacier and Blanca Lake.[3]

Climate

Columbia Peak is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America.[4] Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel northeast toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach the North Cascades, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the Cascades (Orographic lift). As a result, the west side of the North Cascades experiences high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall.[4] Because of maritime influence, snow tends to be wet and heavy, resulting in high avalanche danger.[4] Due to its temperate climate and proximity to the Pacific Ocean, areas west of the Cascade Crest very rarely experience temperatures below 0 °F (−18 °C) or above 80 °F (27 °C).[4] During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but, due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer.[4] The months July through September offer the most favorable weather for viewing or climbing this peak.

Geology

The North Cascades features some of the most rugged topography in the Cascade Range with craggy peaks, ridges, and deep glacial valleys. Geological events occurring many years ago created the diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to the various climate differences. These climate differences lead to vegetation variety defining the ecoregions in this area.

The history of the formation of the Cascade Mountains dates back millions of years ago to the late Eocene Epoch.[5] With the North American Plate overriding the Pacific Plate, episodes of volcanic igneous activity persisted.[5] In addition, small fragments of the oceanic and continental lithosphere called terranes created the North Cascades about 50 million years ago.[5]

During the Pleistocene period dating back over two million years ago, glaciation advancing and retreating repeatedly scoured the landscape leaving deposits of rock debris.[5] The U-shaped cross section of the river valleys is a result of recent glaciation. Uplift and faulting in combination with glaciation have been the dominant processes which have created the tall peaks and deep valleys of the North Cascades area.

  • West aspect, from Twin Lakes
    West aspect, from Twin Lakes

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Columbia Peak, Washington". Peakbagger.com.
  2. ^ "Columbia Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  3. ^ Blanca Lake quadrangle, Washington (Map). 1:24000. 7.5 Minute Topographic. USGS.
  4. ^ a b c d e Beckey, Fred W. Cascade Alpine Guide, Climbing and High Routes. Seattle, WA: Mountaineers Books, 2008.
  5. ^ a b c d Kruckeberg, Arthur (1991). The Natural History of Puget Sound Country. University of Washington Press.

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