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Cistus clusii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Malvales
Family:	Cistaceae
Genus:	Cistus
Species:	C. clusii
Binomial name
	Cistus clusii; Dunal
Synonyms
	Cistus fastigiatus Guss.; Cistus rosmarinifolius Pourr.; Cistus sedjera Pomel; Cistus libanotis auct. mult., non L.;

Cistus clusii is a shrubby species of flowering plant in the family Cistaceae, with white flowers, native to south west and south central Europe and north Africa. It has been wrongly called Cistus libanotis by many authors.

Description

Cistus clusii is a much branched shrub, up to 1 m (3 ft) tall. Its leaves are narrowly linear in shape, usually 1–2.5 cm (0.4–1.0 in) long by 1–2 mm (0.04–0.08 in) wide, with edges that are turned under (revolute), green on the upper side and densely covered with short hairs on the lower side, producing a whitish appearance. The flowers are arranged in umbel-like cymes with up to 12 individual flowers, each 2–3 cm (0.8–1.2 in) across with five white petals and three sepals, 5–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long. The flower stalks (peduncles and pedicels) and the sepals are covered with long white hairs. The style is short.^[2]

Taxonomy

Cistus clusii was first described by Michel Félix Dunal in 1824.^[1]^[3] The specific epithet clusii honours Carolus Clusius. The name Cistus libanotis has been wrongly applied to this species by many authors.^[2] A 2011 molecular phylogenetic study placed C. clusii in a clade with Cistus munbyi in the white and whitish pink clade of Cistus species, sister to all the remaining white and whitish pink flowered species.^[4]

Phylogeny

Cistus clusii belongs to the white and whitish pink flowered clade of Cistus species.

Species-level cladogram of Cistus species.

Halimium spp.

PPC

Cistus crispus

Cistus heterophyllus

	Cistus albidus

	Cistus creticus

	Cistus asper

	Cistus chinamadensis

	Cistus horrens

	Cistus ocreatus

	Cistus osbeckiifolius

	Cistus palmensis

	Cistus symphytifolius

WWPC

	Cistus clusii

	Cistus munbyi

	Cistus inflatus

	Cistus ladanifer

	Cistus laurifolius

	Cistus libanotis

	Cistus monspeliensis

	Cistus parviflorus

	Cistus populifolius

	Cistus pouzolzii

	Cistus salviifolius

	Cistus sintenisii

Purple
Pink
Clade

White
Whitish Pink
Clade

Species-level cladogram of Cistus species, based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences.^[5]^[6]^[7]^[4]

Distribution

Cistus clusii is native to north Africa^[7] and the west and central Mediterranean region: southern Spain, the Balearic Islands, south-east Italy and Sicily.^[2]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Cistus clusii", The Plant List, retrieved 2015-03-02
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Warburg, E.F. (1968), "Cistus clusii", in Tutin, T.G.; Heywood, V.H.; Burges, N.A.; Valentine, D.H.; Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (eds.), Flora Europaea, Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae, Cambridge University Press, p. 284, ISBN 978-0-521-06662-4
^ Dunal, M.F. (1824), "28. C. clusii (Cistineae)", in de Candolle, A.P. (ed.), Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetablis, p. 266, retrieved 2015-03-06
^ ^a ^b Civeyrel, Laure; Leclercq, Julie; Demoly, Jean-Pierre; Agnan, Yannick; Quèbre, Nicolas; Pélissier, Céline & Otto, Thierry (2011), "Molecular systematics, character evolution, and pollen morphology of Cistus and Halimium (Cistaceae)", Plant Systematics and Evolution, 295 (1–4): 23–54, doi:10.1007/s00606-011-0458-7, S2CID 21995828
^ Guzmán, B. & Vargas, P. (2005). "Systematics, character evolution, and biogeography of Cistus L. (Cistaceae) based on ITS, trnL-trnF, and matK sequences". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 37 (3): 644–660. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.04.026. PMID 16055353.
^ Guzmán, B. & Vargas, P. (2009). "Historical biogeography and character evolution of Cistaceae (Malvales) based on analysis of plastid rbcL and trnL-trnF sequences". Organisms Diversity & Evolution. 9 (2): 83–99. doi:10.1016/j.ode.2009.01.001.
^ ^a ^b Guzman, B.; Lledo, M.D. & Vargas, P. (2009), "Adaptive Radiation in Mediterranean Cistus (Cistaceae)", PLOS ONE, 4 (7): e6362, Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.6362G, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006362, PMC 2719431, PMID 19668338

External links

Page, R.G. (n.d.) [2002 onwards], "Cistus clusii L.", The Cistus & Halimium Website, archived from the original on 2015-04-02, retrieved 2015-03-09