Its name is thought to be derived from the Old English personal name Cidda, meaning Cidda's hlaw or burial mound.[2] The name first appears in records in 1282 as "Chiddelowe".[3] Chidlow was a township and chapelry of the old parish of Malpas, and became a civil parish in 1866.[4]
Chidlow was also a manor under the manorial system. It was anciently held by the Stranges of Blackmere, and eventually passed to the Egerton family of Oulton, who sold it in the early 19th century.[5]