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Cheloninae

Cheloninae
Imago of an unidentified Ascogaster species
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Clade: Pancrustacea
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Braconidae
Subfamily: Cheloninae
Foerster, 1863
Tribes

Adeliini
Chelonini
Odontosphaeropygini
Phanerotomini

Cheloninae is a cosmopolitan subfamily of braconid parasitoid wasps.

Description

Most Cheloninae are small and uniformly colored. They have a characteristic metasomal carapace formed from the fusion of the first three tergites.[citation needed]

Biology

Metasomal carapace of a Chelonine
Phanerotoma sp.

They are solitary koinobionts which parasitize Lepidoptera, especially Pyraloidea and Tortricoidea, but also other taxa whose larvae bore in stems, buds or fruits. Chelonines are egg-larval parasitoids, meaning they oviposit into a host egg, but the wasp larvae do not complete development until the caterpillar has hatched and matured. Chelonines carry polydnaviruses which aid in overcoming their hosts' immune system.[1]

Taxonomy and phylogeny

The tribe Adeliini previously was thought to belong to the Adeliinae, but is now confirmed to be nested within Cheloninae.[2]

Genera

Genera placed in Cheloninae include:

Tribe Adeliini

Tribe Chelonini

Tribe Odontosphaeropygini

Tribe Phanerotomini

References

  1. ^ Murphy, Nicholas; Banks, Jonathan C.; Whitfield, James B.; Austin, Andrew D. (2008-04-01). "Phylogeny of the parasitic microgastroid subfamilies (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on sequence data from seven genes, with an improved time estimate of the origin of the lineage". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 47 (1): 378–395. Bibcode:2008MolPE..47..378M. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.01.022. PMID 18325792.
  2. ^ Kittel, R.N.; Austin, A.D.; Klopfstein, S. (2016). "Molecular and morphological phylogenetics of chelonine parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), with a critical assessment of divergence time estimations". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 101: 224–241. Bibcode:2016MolPE.101..224K. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.05.016. PMID 27179700.
  3. ^ Ranjith, A.P.; van Achterberg, Cornelis; Samartsev, Konstantin G.; Nasser, M. (2021). "Discovery of the chelonine tribe Adeliini Viereck, 1918 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from the Indian subcontinent with the description of a new genus from south India". Zootaxa. 4926 (1): 1–25. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4926.1.1.
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