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Chelandium

This article is about a microbe. For the ship after which it was named, see chelandion.

Chelandium
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Clade: Discoba
Phylum: Euglenozoa
Class: Euglenida
Clade: Olkaspira
Genus: Chelandium
Lax, Cho & Keeling 2023
Species:
C. granulatum
Binomial name
Chelandium granulatum
Lax, Cho & Keeling 2023

Chelandium is a genus of phagotrophic euglenids named after a Byzantine ship, chelandion. It contains a single species, Chelandium granulatum. It was discovered in marine sediment from a beach near Vancouver, Canada, and described in 2023. Cells of Chelandium have two flagella and glide on their longer posterior flagellum. Their cytoplasm contains numerous refractile granules, a characteristic reflected in the specific epithet granulatum.

According to phylogenetic analyses, it branches within ploeotids, a paraphyletic group of euglenids with rigid cells. It is the sister group to the ploeotid Olkasia.

Etymology

The generic name Chelandium is derived from the latinized name for chelandion, a war galley of the Byzantine navy that was also used for transport. The specific epithet granulatum, Latin for 'granulate', refers to the granulated appearance of the organism due to refractile granules in its cytoplasm.[1]

Description

Chelandium is a genus of free-living heterotrophic euglenids, a kind of single-celled organism with two flagella used for movement. In particular, this organism glides on its posterior flagellum relatively fast and in a straight line. The cell is oblong, slightly flattened on its ventral side, and full of refractile granules. The anterior flagellum is around the same length as the cell length, whereas the posterior flagellum is around 4.4 times the cell length and is considerably thicker.[1]

Taxonomy

Map of British Columbia, Canada with mark showing location of Centennial Beach
Map of British Columbia, Canada with mark showing location of Centennial Beach
Centennial Beach
Location of Centennial Beach, the type locality of Chelandium granulatum in the province of British Columbia, Canada

Chelandium granulatum was described from a single cell isolated from oxic marine intertidal sediment. The material was recovered from a beach near Vancouver. After genetic analysis, it was formally described as a new genus and species in 2023 by protistologists Gordon Lax, Anna Cho and Patrick J. Keeling. Through subsequent phylogenetic analyses, it was found to branch among ploeotids, a paraphyletic group of heterotrophic euglenids that are spread throughout the backbone of the euglenid evolutionary tree, between the basal petalomonads and the derived flexible euglenids (e.g., euglenophyte algae).[2] In particular, Chelandium is the closest relative of the ploeotid genus Olkasia. Together, these two genera form the sister group to flexible euglenids.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c Lax, Gordon; Cho, Anna; Keeling, Patrick J. (13 March 2023). "Phylogenomics of novel ploeotid taxa contribute to the backbone of the euglenid tree". Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 70 (4) e12973. doi:10.1111/jeu.12973. ISSN 1066-5234. PMID 36912454.
  2. ^ Lax, G.; Kolisko, M.; Eglit, Y.; Lee, W.J.; Yubuki, N.; et al. (June 2021). "Multigene phylogenetics of euglenids based on single-cell transcriptomics of diverse phagotrophs". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 159 107088. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107088. PMID 33545276.

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