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¢ c
¢ c
Cent (currency)
In Unicode	U+00A2 ¢ CENT SIGN (¢); U+0063 c LATIN SMALL LETTER C
Currency
Currency	various
Related
See also	U+FFE0 ￠ FULLWIDTH CENT SIGN
	Category

The cent is a monetary unit of many national currencies that equals a hundredth (1⁄100) of the basic monetary unit. The word derives from the Latin centum, 'hundred'.

The cent sign is commonly a simple minuscule (lower case) letter c. In North America, the c is crossed by a diagonal or vertical stroke (depending on typeface), yielding the character ¢.

The United States one cent coin is generally known by the nickname "penny", alluding to the British coin and unit of that name. Australia ended production of their 1c coin in 1990,^[1] New Zealand last produced their 1c coin in 1988,^[2] as did Canada in 2012.^[3]^[4] Some Eurozone countries ended production of the 1 euro cent coin, most recently Slovakia in 2022.^[5]

Symbol

The cent may be represented by the cent sign, written in various ways according to the national convention and font choice. Most commonly seen forms are a minuscule letter c crossed by a diagonal stroke, a vertical line, a simple c, depending on the currency (see below). Cent amounts from 1 to 99 can be represented as one or two digits followed by the appropriate abbreviation (2¢, 5c, 75¢, 99c), or as a subdivision of the base unit ($0.75, €0.99). In some countries, longer abbreviations like "ct." are used. Languages that use other alphabets have their own abbreviations and conventions.

The cent symbol has largely fallen into disuse since the mid-20th century as inflation has resulted in very few things being priced in cents in any currency. It was included on US typewriter keyboards, but has not been adopted on computers.^[6]

North American cent sign

The cent sign appeared as the shift of the 6 keys on American manual typewriters, but the freestanding circumflex on computer keyboards has taken over that position. The character (offset 162) can still be created in most common code pages, including Unicode and Windows-1252:

On DOS- or Windows-based computers with a numeric keypad, Alt can be held while typing 0162 or 155 on the keypad. See Unicode input § In Microsoft Windows for techniques involving the hexadecimal code point A2 that can be used when there is no numeric keypad, as on many laptops. For the US International keyboard Right Alt⇧ ShiftC can be typed.
On Mac systems, ⌥ Option can be held and 4 on the number row pressed.
On Unix/Linux systems with a compose key, Compose+|+C and Compose+/+C are typical sequences.

Orthography

When written in English and Mexican Spanish, the cent sign (¢ or c) follows the amount (with no space between)—for example, 2¢ and $0.02, or 2c and €0.02. Conventions in other languages may vary.

Usage

East India Company half cent (1845).

Obverse: Crowned head left with lettering Queen Victoria	Reverse: Face value, year and "East India Company" inscribed inside wreath.
18,737,498 coins minted in 1845.

Minor currency units called cent or similar names

Examples of currencies around the world featuring centesimal (1⁄100) units called cent, or related words from the same root such as céntimo, centésimo, centavo or sen, are:

Argentine peso (as centavo)
Aruban florin, but all circulating coins are in multiples of 5 cents.
Australian dollar, but all circulating coins are in multiples of 5 cents.
Barbadian dollar
Bahamian dollar, but all circulating coins are in multiples of 5 cents.
Belize dollar
Bermudian dollar
Bolivian boliviano (as centavo), but all circulating coins are in multiples of 10 centavos
Brazilian real (as centavo)
Brunei dollar (as sen)
Cambodian riel (as sen)
Canadian dollar
Cayman Islands dollar
Chilean peso (as centavo). Centavos officially exist and are considered in financial transactions, but there are no current centavo-denominated coins.
Colombian peso (as centavo)
Cook Islands dollar (cent, although some 50 cent coins are marked "50 tene")
Cuban peso (as centavo)
East Caribbean dollar, but all circulating coins are in multiples of 5 cents.
Eritrean nakfa
Estonian kroon (as sent)
Ethiopian birr (as santim)
Euro – the coins bear the text "euro cent". Greek coins have ΛΕΠΤΟ ("lepto") on the obverse of the one-cent coin and ΛΕΠΤΑ ("lepta") on the obverse of the others. The actual usage varies depending on the language.
Fijian dollar
Guyanese dollar, but there are no circulating coins with a value below one dollar.
Hong Kong dollar, but all circulating coins are in multiples of 10 cents.
Indonesian rupiah (as sen; last coin minted was 50 cents in 1961, last cents printed as banknotes in 1964 which were demonetized in 1996 save for the 1 cent)
Jamaican dollar, but there are no circulating coins with a value below one dollar.
Kenyan shilling
Lesotho loti (as sente)
Liberian dollar
Lithuanian litas (as centas)
Macanese pataca (as avo), but all circulating coins are in multiples of 10 avos.
Malaysian ringgit (as sen), but all circulating coins are in multiples of 5 sen.
Mauritian rupee
Mexican peso (as centavo)
Moroccan dirham (as santim)
Namibian dollar
Netherlands Antillean guilder
New Zealand dollar, but all circulating coins are in multiples of 10 cents.
Panamanian balboa (as centésimo)
Peruvian sol (as céntimo)
Philippine peso (as sentimo or centavo)
Seychellois rupee
Sierra Leonean leone
Singapore dollar, but all circulating coins are in multiples of 5 cents.
South African rand, but all circulating coins are in multiples of 10 cents.
Sri Lankan rupee
Surinamese dollar
Swazi lilangeni
New Taiwan dollar, but all circulating coins are in multiples of 50 cents.
Tanzanian shilling
Tongan paʻanga (as seniti)
Trinidad and Tobago dollar
United States dollar
Uruguayan peso (as centésimo)
Zimbabwean ZiG

Minor currency units with other names

Examples of currencies featuring centesimal (1⁄100) units not called cent

Major unit	Divided into
Bhutanese ngultrum	100 chhertum
Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark	100 pfeniga
Botswanan pula	100 thebe
British pound	100 pence (singular: penny) since Decimal Day, 1971
Bulgarian lev	100 stotinki Cyrillic: стотинки ("hundredths")
Chinese yuan	100 fēn (分); in general usage, divided into 10 jiǎo (角).
Croatian kuna	100 lipa
Danish krone	100 øre
Egyptian pound	100 piastres
Estonian mark	100 penni (singular: penn)
Gambian dalasi	100 bututs
Ghanaian cedi	100 pesewas
Indian rupee	100 paise
Israeli new shekel	100 agorot
Macau pataca	100 avos; circulating coins are 10, 20, and 50 avos.
Macedonian denar	100 deni
Malawian kwacha	100 tambala
Mongolian tögrög	100 möngö
Nepalese rupee	100 paisa
Pakistani rupee	100 paise
Papua New Guinean kina	100 toea
Polish złoty	100 groszy (singular: grosz)
Qatari riyal	100 dirhams
Romanian and Moldovan leu	100 bani
Russian ruble	100 kopeks
Saudi riyal	100 halalas
Serbian dinar	100 paras
Swedish krona	100 öre
Swiss franc	German: 100 Rappen French: 100 centimes Italian: 100 centesimi Romansch: 100 raps
Thai baht	100 satang
Turkish lira	100 kuruş
United Arab Emirates dirham	100 fils
Ukrainian hryvnia	100 kopiykas
Zambian kwacha	100 ngwee

Obsolete centesimal currency units

Examples of currencies which formerly featured centesimal (1⁄100) units but now have no fractional denomination in circulation:

Major unit	Formerly divided into
Costa Rican colón	(until the 1980s) 100 céntimos
Czech koruna	100 haléřů
Hungarian forint	(until 1999) 100 fillér
Icelandic króna	100 eyrir (singular aurar)
Japanese yen	100 sen
Norwegian krone	100 øre
South Korean won	100 jeon
Swedish krona	(until 2010) 100 öre
Ugandan shilling	(until 2013) 100 cents.

Examples of currencies which use the cent symbol for other purposes:

Costa Rican colón – The common symbol '¢' is frequently used locally to represent '₡', the proper colón designation
Ghanaian cedi – The common symbol '¢' is sometimes used to represent '₵', the proper cedi designation

References

^ "One Cent". www.ramint.gov.au. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
^ "1 Cent - Elizabeth II, New Zealand". en.numista.com. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
^ "1 Cent - Elizabeth II, Canada". en.numista.com. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
^ "1 Cent - Elizabeth II, Canada". en.numista.com. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
^ "Po 1. júli 2022 budú končiť na Slovensku jedno a dvojcentové mince". www.bystricoviny.sk (in Slovak). 29 May 2017. Retrieved 31 December 2023.
^ Anderson, Charlie (13 November 2003). "The Demise of the ¢ Sign". charlieanderson.com. Archived from the original on 22 August 2022. Retrieved 22 August 2022.