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Canobius; Temporal range: Mississippian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Family:	†Canobiidae
Genus:	†Canobius; Traquair, 1881
Species
	†C. elegantulus Traquair, 1881; †C. ramsayi Traquair, 1881;

Canobius (named for Canobie, the district where it was discovered)^[1] is an extinct genus of marine ray-finned fish that lived in the early Carboniferous period (Viséan) of Glencartholm, Scotland.

Two species are known from fossil specimens:^[2]

†C. elegantulus Traquair, 1881
†C. ramsayi Traquair, 1881

Potential indeterminate remains are known from the Tournaisian of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.^[2] Many other species were previously referred to this genus, but have since been reclassified.^[3]

Canobius was a small fish, 7 centimetres (3 in) in length. Compared with its earlier relatives, it had specialized jawbones and hyomandibulars which attached the upper jaw to the braincase, meaning that the jaws were hung vertically under the braincase. This allowed Canobius to open its jaws wider and expand its gill slits further at the same time. In turn, this meant that the fish could take in more oxygen, making it a more active creature. Canobius is presumed to have fed on plankton which is filtered from the water using its small teeth and gills.^[4]

References

^ Traquair, Ramsay H. (1881). "III.— Report on Fossil Fishes collected by the Geological Survey of Scotland in Eskdale and Liddesdale . Part I.— Ganoidei". Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 30 (1): 47. doi:10.1017/S0080456800028970. S2CID 129109130.
^ ^a ^b "PBDB Taxon". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-04-19.
^ Moy-Thomas, J.A. (1938). "XXVIII.— A revision of the fishes referred to the genus Canobius from Lower Carboniferous localities other than Glencartholm". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 2 (9): 291–299. doi:10.1080/00222933808526846. ISSN 0374-5481.
^ Palmer, D., ed. (1999). The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals. London: Marshall Editions. p. 35. ISBN 1-84028-152-9.