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CALD1
Identifiers
Aliases	CALD1, CDM, H-CAD, HCAD, L-CAD, LCAD, NAG22, caldesmon 1, h-CD
External IDs	OMIM: 114213; HomoloGene: 137424; GeneCards: CALD1; OMA:CALD1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 7 (human)
End	134,970,729 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	saphenous vein; ; tail of epididymis; ; seminal vesicula; ; tendon of biceps brachii; ; urethra; ; superficial temporal artery; ; visceral pleura; ; parietal pleura; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; right coronary artery;
	n/a
	More reference expression data
	; ; ; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	myosin binding; actin binding; tropomyosin binding; protein binding; calmodulin binding; cadherin binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; cytosol; plasma membrane; myofibril; cytoskeleton; actin cytoskeleton; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; membrane; actin cap;
Biological process	muscle contraction;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	800
	n/a
	ENSG00000122786
	n/a
	Q05682
	n/a
	NM_004342; NM_033138; NM_033139; NM_033140; NM_033157
	n/a
	NP_004333; NP_149129; NP_149130; NP_149131; NP_149347
	n/a
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Caldesmon is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CALD1 gene.^[3]^[4]

Caldesmon is a calmodulin binding protein. Like calponin, caldesmon tonically inhibits the ATPase activity of myosin in smooth muscle.

This gene encodes a calmodulin- and actin-binding protein that plays an essential role in the regulation of smooth muscle and nonmuscle contraction. The conserved domain of this protein possesses the binding activities to ${\text{Ca}}^{2+}$ -calmodulin, actin, tropomyosin, myosin, and phospholipids. This protein is a potent inhibitor of the actin-tropomyosin activated myosin MgATPase, and serves as a mediating factor for ${\text{Ca}}^{2+}$ -dependent inhibition of smooth muscle contraction. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms.^[4]

Immunochemistry

In diagnostic immunochemistry, caldesmon is a marker for smooth muscle differentiation.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000122786 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Novy RE, Lin JL, Lin JJ (Oct 1991). "Characterization of cDNA clones encoding a human fibroblast caldesmon isoform and analysis of caldesmon expression in normal and transformed cells". J Biol Chem. 266 (25): 16917–24. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)55390-4. PMID 1885618.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: CALD1 caldesmon 1".

Huber PA (1998). "Caldesmon". Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 29 (8–9): 1047–51. doi:10.1016/S1357-2725(97)00004-6. PMID 9415999.
Gusev NB (2002). "Some properties of caldesmon and calponin and the participation of these proteins in regulation of smooth muscle contraction and cytoskeleton formation". Biochemistry Mosc. 66 (10): 1112–21. doi:10.1023/A:1012480829618. PMID 11736632. S2CID 310781.
Wang CL (2002). "Caldesmon and smooth-muscle regulation". Cell Biochem. Biophys. 35 (3): 275–88. doi:10.1385/CBB:35:3:275. PMID 11894847. S2CID 195271255.
Mani RS, McCubbin WD, Kay CM (1992). "Calcium-dependent regulation of caldesmon by an 11-kDa smooth muscle calcium-binding protein, caltropin". Biochemistry. 31 (47): 11896–901. doi:10.1021/bi00162a031. PMID 1445920.
Hayashi K, Yano H, Hashida T, et al. (1993). "Genomic structure of the human caldesmon gene". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (24): 12122–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.24.12122. PMC 50710. PMID 1465449.
Humphrey MB, Herrera-Sosa H, Gonzalez G, et al. (1992). "Cloning of cDNAs encoding human caldesmons". Gene. 112 (2): 197–204. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(92)90376-Z. PMID 1555769.
Adam LP, Gapinski CJ, Hathaway DR (1992). "Phosphorylation sequences in h-caldesmon from phorbol ester-stimulated canine aortas". FEBS Lett. 302 (3): 223–6. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(92)80446-N. PMID 1601129. S2CID 46129878.
Horiuchi KY, Chacko S (1989). "Interaction between caldesmon and tropomyosin in the presence and absence of smooth muscle actin". Biochemistry. 27 (22): 8388–93. doi:10.1021/bi00422a014. PMID 3242591.
der Terrossian E, Deprette C, Lebbar I, Cassoly R (1994). "Purification and characterization of erythrocyte caldesmon. Hypothesis for an actin-linked regulation of a contractile activity in the red blood cell membrane". Eur. J. Biochem. 219 (1–2): 503–11. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb19965.x. PMID 8307018.
Surgucheva I, Bryan J (1996). "Over-expression of smooth muscle caldesmon in mouse fibroblasts". Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. 32 (3): 233–43. doi:10.1002/cm.970320307. PMID 8581978.
Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
Graether SP, Heinonen TY, Raharjo WH, et al. (1997). "Tryptophan residues in caldesmon are major determinants for calmodulin binding". Biochemistry. 36 (2): 364–9. doi:10.1021/bi962008k. PMID 9003189.
Wang Z, Danielsen AJ, Maihle NJ, McManus MJ (1999). "Tyrosine phosphorylation of caldesmon is required for binding to the Shc.Grb2 complex". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (47): 33807–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.47.33807. PMID 10559276.
Adam L, Vadlamudi R, Mandal M, et al. (2000). "Regulation of microfilament reorganization and invasiveness of breast cancer cells by kinase dead p21-activated kinase-1". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (16): 12041–50. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.16.12041. PMID 10766836.
Hall SM, Hislop AA, Pierce CM, Haworth SG (2000). "Prenatal origins of human intrapulmonary arteries: formation and smooth muscle maturation". Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 23 (2): 194–203. doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.23.2.3975. PMID 10919986.
Nimmrich I, Erdmann S, Melchers U, et al. (2000). "Seven genes that are differentially transcribed in colorectal tumor cell lines". Cancer Lett. 160 (1): 37–43. doi:10.1016/S0304-3835(00)00553-X. PMID 11098082.
Hisaoka M, Wei-Qi S, Jian W, et al. (2003). "Specific but variable expression of h-caldesmon in leiomyosarcomas: an immunohistochemical reassessment of a novel myogenic marker". Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. 9 (4): 302–8. doi:10.1097/00022744-200112000-00003. PMID 11759055. S2CID 25653139.
Sobue K, Muramoto Y, Fujita M, Kakiuchi S (Sep 1981). "Purification of a calmodulin-binding protein from chicken gizzard that interacts with F-actin". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78 (9): 5652–5. Bibcode:1981PNAS...78.5652S. doi:10.1073/pnas.78.9.5652. PMC 348816. PMID 6946503.

External links

Caldesmon at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article on a gene on human chromosome 7 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000122786 – Ensembl, May 2017

[2] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid1885618-3] Novy RE, Lin JL, Lin JJ (Oct 1991). "Characterization of cDNA clones encoding a human fibroblast caldesmon isoform and analysis of caldesmon expression in normal and transformed cells". J Biol Chem. 266 (25): 16917–24. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)55390-4. PMID 1885618.

[entrez-4] "Entrez Gene: CALD1 caldesmon 1".

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

Caldesmon

Immunochemistry

References

Further reading

External links