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PVR
Available structures
PDB	Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	4FQP, 1DGI, 1NN8, 3EPC, 3EPD, 3EPF, 3J8F, 3J9F, 3UDW, 3URO
Identifiers
Aliases	PVR, CD155, HVED, NECL5, Necl-5, PVS, TAGE4, poliovirus receptor, PVR cell adhesion molecule
External IDs	OMIM: 173850; HomoloGene: 9672; GeneCards: PVR; OMA:PVR - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (human)
End	44,666,162 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	stromal cell of endometrium; ; islet of Langerhans; ; tendon of biceps brachii; ; left ventricle; ; apex of heart; ; right lobe of liver; ; upper lobe of left lung; ; anterior pituitary; ; left adrenal gland; ; right auricle;
	n/a
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein homodimerization activity; virus receptor activity; protein binding; signaling receptor binding; cell adhesion molecule binding; signaling receptor activity;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; integral component of membrane; membrane; focal adhesion; plasma membrane; integral component of plasma membrane; extracellular region; cell surface; extracellular exosome; extracellular space;
Biological process	heterophilic cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules; cell recognition; susceptibility to natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; cell adhesion; positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target; regulation of immune response; viral entry into host cell; susceptibility to T cell mediated cytotoxicity; viral process; adherens junction organization; positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	5817
	n/a
	ENSG00000073008
	n/a
	P15151
	n/a
	NM_001135768; NM_001135769; NM_001135770; NM_006505
	n/a
	NP_001129240; NP_001129241; NP_001129242; NP_006496
	n/a
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human

CD155 (cluster of differentiation 155), also known as the poliovirus receptor, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PVR gene.^[3]^[4] It is a transmembrane protein that is involved in forming junctions between neighboring cells. It is also the molecule that poliovirus uses to enter cells. The gene is specific to the primates.

Function

CD155 is a Type I transmembrane glycoprotein in the immunoglobulin superfamily.^[5] Its normal cellular function is in the establishment of intercellular adherens junctions between epithelial cells.^[6]

The external domain mediates cell attachment to the extracellular matrix molecule vitronectin, while its intracellular domain interacts with the dynein light chain Tctex-1/DYNLT1.

The role of CD155 in the immune system is unclear, though it may be involved in intestinal humoral immune responses.^[6] Subsequent data has also suggested that CD155 may also be used to positively select MHC-independent T cells in the thymus.^{[citation needed]}

Polio

Commonly known as Poliovirus Receptor (PVR), the protein serves as a cellular receptor for poliovirus in the first step of poliovirus replication. Transgenic mice that express the PVR gene have been constructed in order to study polio experimentally.^[7]

Structure

CD155 is a transmembrane protein with 3 extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains, D1-D3, where D1 is recognized by the virus.^[8]

Low resolution structures of CD155 complexed with poliovirus have been obtained using electron microscopy^[9] while a high resolution structures of the ectodomain D1 and D2 of CD155 were solved by x-ray crystallography.^[8]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000073008 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Entrez Gene: poliovirus receptor".
^ Koike S, Horie H, Ise I, Okitsu A, Yoshida M, Iizuka N, Takeuchi K, Takegami T, Nomoto A (October 1990). "The poliovirus receptor protein is produced both as membrane-bound and secreted forms". EMBO J. 9 (10): 3217–24. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07520.x. PMC 552052. PMID 2170108.
^ Mendelsohn CL, Wimmer E, Racaniello VR (1989). "Cellular receptor for poliovirus: molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression of a new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily". Cell. 56 (5): 855–65. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(89)90690-9. PMID 2538245. S2CID 44296539.
^ ^a ^b Maier MK, Seth S, Czeloth N, et al. (2007). "The adhesion receptor CD155 determines the magnitude of humoral immune responses against orally ingested antigens". European Journal of Immunology. 37 (8): 2214–25. doi:10.1002/eji.200737072. PMID 17621371. S2CID 24583092.
^ Racaniello, Vincent R. (2006-01-05). "One hundred years of poliovirus pathogenesis". Virology. Virology 50th Anniversary Issue. 344 (1): 9–16. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2005.09.015. ISSN 0042-6822. PMID 16364730.
^ ^a ^b PDB: 3epc, 3epd, 3epf, 3eow; Zhang P, Mueller S, Morais MC, Bator CM, Bowman VD, Hafenstein S, Wimmer E, Rossmann MG (November 2008). "Crystal structure of CD155 and electron microscopic studies of its complexes with polioviruses". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 (47): 18284–9. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10518284Z. doi:10.1073/pnas.0807848105. PMC 2587566. PMID 19011098.
^ PDB: 1DGI; He Y, Bowman VD, Mueller S, Bator CM, Bella J, Peng X, Baker TS, Wimmer E, Kuhn RJ, Rossmann MG (January 2000). "Interaction of the poliovirus receptor with poliovirus". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (1): 79–84. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.1.79. PMC 26619. PMID 10618374.