Brzegi Dolne

Brzegi Dolne
Береги Долішні, Berehy Dolishni
Village
Berehy Dolishni transcription(s)
Greek Catholic church of Archangel Michael
Greek Catholic church of Archangel Michael
Brzegi Dolne is located in Poland
Brzegi Dolne
Brzegi Dolne
Coordinates: 49°27′N 22°37′E / 49.450°N 22.617°E / 49.450; 22.617
Country Poland
VoivodeshipSubcarpathian
CountyBieszczady
GminaUstrzyki Dolne
Established1532

Brzegi Dolne [ˈbʐɛɡʲi ˈdɔlnɛ] (Ukrainian: Береги Долішні, romanized: Berehy Dolišni) is a boyko village in the administrative district of Gmina Ustrzyki Dolne, within Bieszczady County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-east of Ustrzyki Dolne and 79 km (49 mi) south-east of the regional capital Rzeszów.[1]

The village was established in 1532 on Vlach law.[2] The privilege for the serfdom of the village was issued by King Sigismund August to the brothers Dmytro and Stets. In 1544, the village passed into the ownership of Ivan Kunashevych. The village was part of the so-called Stervyaz land[3] of the Peremyshl Land of the Ruthenian Voivodeship.

From 1772 to 1918, the village was part of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, in the province of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria.

In 1784, as part of the Josephine colonization, Austrian authorities settled German colonists in a part of the village, which was named Siegenthal colony.[3] In 1940, the German colonists were deported to Warthegau under the "Heim ins Reich" program.

In 1872, the First Hungarian-Galician Railway was laid through the village.

The village of Berehy Dolishni is one of the oldest centers of oil extraction in the world, where oil has been extracted since 1884.[4]

From 1919 to 1939, it was part of the Gmina Kroscienko in the Dobromil Povit of Lviv Voivodeship.

From 1940 to 1951, the village belonged to the Nyzhno-Ustrytsk district of Drohobych Oblast, Ukraine. In the framework of the 1951 Polish–Soviet territorial exchange, all Ukrainian population was forcibly resettled.[5] 170 families were relocated to the Molotov Kolkhoz (in Zmiivka village, Berislavskyi district, Kherson Oblast).[6]

From 1975 to 1998, the village belonged to Krosno Voivodeship.

Population

According to the 1921 census, the village had 162 houses and 1018 inhabitants (689 Ukrainian Greek Catholics, 171 Evangelicals, 136 Roman Catholics, and 22 Jews).[7]

As of January 1, 1939, the village had 1530 inhabitants, including 1030 Ukrainian Greek Catholics, 100 Ukrainian Roman Catholics, 160 Poles (migrant workers in the forestry industry), 20 Jews, 40 Roma, and 180 Germans (in the settlement of Siegenthal).

n 1951, as part of the territory exchange agreement, all Ukrainian population (223 families, 1055 individuals) was relocated to the east, particularly to the village of Zmiivka in Berislavskyi district of Kherson Oblast, to the Molotov Kolkhoz — 170 families. Polish families from Belz and Sokal were resettled to the village.

The Church of Archangel Michael

The ancient Ukrainian church of St. Archangel Michael, built in 1844

The Church of Archangel Michael (now the Polish Church of Our Lady of the Rosary[8]) is a Greek Catholic church, built of wood in 1844 on the site of a previous church (first mentioned in 1615). It was a parish church and belonged to the Ustryky Deanery of the Peremyshl Eparchy of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. The church is located in the western part of the village.

The church has been included in the national register of historical monuments.[9]

Built in 1844, the church underwent renovations in 1884, 1909, and 1922.[10]

After the village was transferred to Poland, the church was used as a warehouse. In 1973, it was handed over to the local Roman Catholic community as a parish church (renamed in honor of the Virgin Mary), and in 1978, it was renovated.

The original polychrome decoration on the walls of the church has been preserved. To the west of the church, there is a bell tower, built at the same time as the church.[11]

By the road, there is a brick chapel from the 19th century, covered with a gable roof.[3]

Famous People

Fr. Mykhailo Zybrytskyi
Fr. Mykhailo Zybrytskyi
The grave of Father Mykhailo Zubrytsky is in the churchyard.
The grave of Father Mykhailo Zubrytsky is in the churchyard.

From 1914 until his death in 1919, Father Mykhailo Zubrytskyi lived and actively worked in the village — he was a renowned Ukrainian ethnographer, folklorist, educator, historian, journalist, public figure, and a Greek-Catholic priest. He is buried in the local cemetery.[12]

References

  1. ^ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
  2. ^ Bieszczady. Przewodnik dla prawdziwego turysty. Pruszków: Oficyna Wydawnicza „Rewasz“. 2009. p. 270. ISBN 978-83-89188-85-4.
  3. ^ a b c Кляшторна, Наталя (2006). Акція-51. Останні свідки. Вінниця: ДП «ДКФ». с. 164. ISBN 966-7151-67-0
  4. ^ "HISTORIA MIEJSCOWOŚCI". Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2014.
  5. ^ Кляшторна, Наталя (2006). Акція-51. Останні свідки. Вінниця: ДП «ДКФ». с. 192. ISBN 966-7151-67-0
  6. ^ Кляшторна Н. О. Акція-51. Останні свідки. — Вінниця: ДП «ДКФ», 2006. — 232 с.: іл. ISBN 966-7151-67-0Archived 22 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine — с. 193.
  7. ^ "Brzegi Dolne". Archived from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 25 August 2014.
  8. ^ "Cerkwie w Gminie Ustrzyki Dolne". Archived from the original on 9 July 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2014.
  9. ^ "Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa: Rejestr zabytków nieruchomych — województwo podkarpackie" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 May 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2012.
  10. ^ Michniewska, Magdalena; Michniewski, Artur; Duda, Marta (2003). Cerkwie drewniane Karpat (in Polish). Pruszków: Oficyna Wydawnicza "Rewasz". ISBN 978-83-89188-08-3.
  11. ^ Kryciński, Stanisław (2005). Cerkwie w Bieszczadach (in Polish). Pruszków: Oficyna Wydawnicza "Rewasz". ISBN 83-89188-38-4.
  12. ^ "Nagrobek we wsi Brzegi Dolne". Archived from the original on 27 August 2014. Retrieved 25 August 2014.