Arthur Edward CapelCBE (20 December 1881 – 22 December 1919), known as Boy Capel, was an English polo player, possibly best-remembered for being a lover and muse of fashion designer Coco Chanel.[1]
Biography
Caricature of Capel dancing with Chanel
Born in Brighton, Sussex, Capel was the son of Arthur Joseph Capel, a British shipping merchant, and his French-born wife, the former Berthe Andrée A. E. Lorin (1856–1902). He had three sisters: Marie Henriette Teresia Capel, Mary Josephine Lawrence Edith Capel and Berthe Isabelle Susanna Flora Capel. Berthe married Sir Herman Alfred de Stern, Baron Michelham, the son of Herbert Stern, 1st Baron Michelham. His father's elder brother was Monsignor Thomas John Capel, a Roman Catholic priest of the Archdiocese of Westminster who was mired in scandal during the 1880s.
In the obituary of one of Capel's daughters, he was described as "an intellectual, politician, tycoon, polo-player and the dashing lover and sponsor of the fashion designer Coco Chanel". According to that obituary, Capel was a Roman Catholic and his wife had converted to Catholicism in order to marry him, and their two daughters were raised as Roman Catholics. There are hints in biographies of Chanel about Capel's reputed (illegitimate) connections with the Capel Earls of Essex, but no connection has been established.[citation needed]
Capel's father and grandfather were born in Kent. His paternal grandfather served in the navy, marrying and starting a family in County Waterford, Ireland, during his service. His grandfather joined the coastguard service, following his navy service, and was posted to the coastguard station at the Sizewell Gap in Suffolk.[2][3]
An alumnus of Beaumont College, he was a shipping merchant and already an apparently wealthy self-made man by 1909.[4][citation needed] Capel was killed in an automobile accident on Monday 22 December 1919, allegedly en route to a Christmas rendezvous with Chanel. He was buried with full military honours at Fréjus Cathedral on 24 December 1919.[2] A roadside memorial was placed at the site of the accident, consisting of a cross bearing the inscription: "A la mémoire du capitaine Arthur Capel, légion d'Honneur de l'armée britannique, mort accidentellement en cet endroit le 22 décembre 1919."[5]
Capel and Chanel
His affair with Chanel apparently began in 1909, when he became acquainted with the then 26-year-old mistress of his friend Étienne Balsan.[6] Capel financed Chanel's first shops and his own clothing style, notably his blazers, inspired her creation of the Chanel look. The couple spent time together at fashionable resorts such as Deauville, but he was never faithful to Chanel.[7] Their relationship lasted nine years, and even after Capel married he continued his affair with Chanel until his death in late 1919.[8]
Ann Diana France Ayesha Capel (28 April 1919 – 4 May 2008). Ann was married three times and had children with her first two husbands. In 1940, she married firstly George Ward (1907–1988), who in 1960 was raised to the peerage as Viscount Ward of Witley.[10] They had two children: a son, Anthony, who died unmarried at age 40, and a daughter, actress Georgina Ward (1941–2010), otherwise Mrs Patrick Tritton. They divorced in 1951. That same year, on 7 August, she married Richard Thurstan Holland-Martin (1907 — 1968) by whom she had two sons: Barnaby Robert (born 1952) and Giles Thurstan (born 1955 — died 4 May 2008). They divorced in 1966.[11] Ann Capel's third husband was Peter Higgins.[12]
June Capel (1920 — 2006), later Lady Hutchinson of Lullington. June was born after her father had died, apparently without his being aware of her conception. Hence there was no provision for her in his will which had to be contested to ensure that June got a share of her father's fortune (most of it subsequently stolen by a lawyer, according to Lady Hutchinson's obituary). In 1948, June Capel married Franz Osborn, by whom she had a son, Christopher. Her second marriage took place in May 1966 to Jeremy Hutchinson, QC (born 28 March 1915). Hutchinson was the former husband of actress Peggy Ashcroft and was created a life peer on 16 May 1978 with the title Baron Hutchinson of Lullington, of Lullington in the County of East Sussex.[citation needed]
Other
Two years before his accidental death, Capel had met in Paris a brilliant young Pole, Jozef Retinger, whom he inspired with his talk of federalism and the idea of world government based on an Anglo-French alliance. His ideas were strongly supported by Sir Henry Wilson, whose ADC he had been, and Capel aroused the interest of such statesmen, as Aristide Briand, Georges Clemenceau and Woodrow Wilson. He had also promoted his ideas in Vatican diplomatic circles. Retinger helped Capel with his proposed book, The World on the Anvil. The seed had been planted in Retinger's mind and, though transformed, it arguably influenced the creation of the League of Nations and came to fruition decades later in the European Union.[13]
^Burke's Landed Gentry (18th and 19th editions) and The Complete Peerage give his correct forenames.
^ abThe Times, 24 December 1919, p. 10: "Lord Rosslyn, telegraphing last night from St. Raphael, stated that Captain Arthur Capel, who was killed in an automobile accident on Monday, is being buried today at 2.30 p.m. at Frejus with full military honours.".
^Cokayne, George Edward (1982). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant. Vol. X. Gloucester: A. Sutton. p. 773 note (c). ISBN978-0-904387-82-7.
^"Coco Chanel". tombes-sepultures.com. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
^"At this time in 1909, at the age of 26, she became friendly with an Englishman Arthur Capel, nicknamed "Boy", who was one of Etienne [Balsan]'s friends...""Chanel biography". Archived from the original on 2 June 2008. Retrieved 10 April 2014.
^When her youngest son's death was reported, she was described as the "late Mrs Peter Higgins".
^M.B. Biskupski, "Spy, Patriot or Internationalist? The Early Career of Józef Retinger, Polish Patriarch of European Union," The Polish Review, vol. 43, no. 1, 1998, pp. 23-67.
