Blood River

Blood River
Blood River
	Location of the Blood River's mouth
Native name	Ncome (Zulu); Bloedrivier (Afrikaans);
Location
Country	South Africa
State	KwaZulu-Natal
Physical characteristics
Source	Highlands SE of Utrecht
Mouth
• location	Buffalo River
• coordinates	27°50′56″S 30°35′35″E / 27.84889°S 30.59306°E

Blood/Ncome River (Afrikaans: Bloedrivier; Zulu: Ncome) is situated between Nquthu and Vryheid in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. This river has its sources in the hills south-east of Utrecht; leaving the highlands it is joined by two important tributaries that originate in the Schurveberg, after which it flows meandering through a sandy plain.^[1] The Blood River is a tributary of the Buffalo River, which is a tributary of the Thukela River which it joins from the north-east.^[2]

This river is named after the Battle of Blood River in which Zulu King Dingane was defeated by Andries Pretorius and his men on 16 December 1838. It is said that water turned red from the blood of Zulu men who died here en masse. It was a fight with 464 Boers and over 30,000 amabutho.^[3] The battle was celebrated as a 16 December holiday called the Day of the Vow (Afrikaans: Geloftedag) in apartheid South Africa. To Zulu people it was known as Dingane day.^[4] In 1994, after the end of Apartheid, it was named the Day of Reconciliation, an annual holiday also on 16 December.^[5]

The Blood River Vlei, located about 20 km to the south-west of Vryheid, is one of the biggest inland wetlands in South Africa and the wintering place of migratory birds such as ducks and geese.^[6]