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Biblidinae
	Myscelia cyaniris: Epicaliini
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Nymphalidae
Subfamily:	Biblidinae; Boisduval, 1833
Tribes
	Ageroniini; Biblidini; Callicorini; Epicaliini; Epiphilini; Eubagini
Synonyms
	Eurytelinae

*Panacea procilla*: Ageroniini specimen underside

Biblidinae is a subfamily of nymphalid butterflies that includes the tropical brushfoots. This subfamily was sometimes merged within the Limenitidinae, but they are now recognized as quite distinct lineages. In older literature, this subfamily is sometimes called Eurytelinae.

As of 2008, some 340 valid species are in this subfamily, placed in 38^{[verification needed]} genera. Most species of Biblidinae are Neotropical, but there are some Old World species and genera in the tribes Biblidini and Epicaliini.

Systematics

The Biblidinae are a taxonomically stable monophyletic group, at least since the "wastebin genus" Catagramma was dismantled around 1950.

The tribes, in the presumed phylogenetic sequence and with notable genera also listed here, are:^[1]

Biblidini Boisduval, 1833

Biblis Fabricius, 1807 (= Zonaga)
Ariadne Horsfield, 1829 (= Ergolis)
Laringa Moore, 1901
Eurytela Boisduval, 1833
Neptidopsis Aurivillius, 1898
Mesoxantha Aurivillius, 1898
Byblia Hübner, 1819 (= Hypanis Boisduval, 1833 (non Pander in Menetries, 1832: preoccupied))
Mestra Hübner, 1825 (= Cystineura)
Archimestra Munroe, 1949
Vila Kirby, 1871 (= Lonia, Neptis Hübner, 1819 (non Fabricius, 1807: preoccupied), Olina Doubleday, 1848 (non Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: preoccupied))

Epicaliini Guenée, 1865

Catonephele Hübner, [1819]
Nessaea Hübner, [1819]
Myscelia Doubleday, 1844 (= Sagaritis Hübner, 1821 (non Billberg, 1820: preoccupied), Sea)
Sevenia Koçak, 1996 (= Crenis Boisduval, 1833 (non Hübner, 1821: preoccupied), Sallya Hemming, 1964 (non Yochelson, 1956: preoccupied))
Eunica Hübner, [1819]
Cybdelis Boisduval, 1836

Ageroniini Doubleday, 1847

Hamadryas – cracker butterflies, calico butterflies
Ectima Doubleday, 1848
Panacea Godman & Salvin, 1883 (= Pandora Doubleday, 1848 (non Lamarck, 1799: preoccupied))
Batesia Felder & Felder, 1862

Epiphilini Jenkins, 1987

Asterope Hübner, [1819]
Pyrrhogyra Hübner, 1819 (= Corybas)
Epiphile Doubleday, 1844
Lucinia Hübner, 1823 (= Autodea)
Bolboneura Godman & Salvin, 1877
Temenis Hübner, 1819 (= Callicorina, Paromia Hewitson, 1861 (non Westwood, 1851: preoccupied))
Nica Hübner, 1826 (= Pseudonica)
Peria Kirby, 1871 (= Pelia Doubleday, 1849 (non Bell, 1836: preoccupied))

Eubagini Burmeister, 1878

Dynamine Hübner, 1819 (= Arisba, Eubagis, Sironia)

Callicorini Orfila, 1952 – eighty-eights and relatives

Diaethria Billberg, 1820
Callicore Hübner, [1819]
Perisama Doubleday, 1849 (= Orophila)
Antigonis Felder, 1861 (= Lincoya)
Haematera Doubleday, 1849 (= Callidula)
Catacore Dillon, 1948

References

^ The higher classification of Nymphalidae, at Nymphalidae.net

Sources

Hill, R. I., Penz, C. M., & DeVries, P. J. (2002). Phylogenetic analysis and review of Panacea and Batesia butterflies (Nymphalidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, 56, 199-215.
Jenkins, D. W. (1983). Neotropical Nymphalidae. I. Revision of Hamadryas. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum, 81, 1-146.
Jenkins, D. W. (1984). Neotropical Nymphalidae. II. Revision of Myscelia. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum (Gainesville), 87, 1-64.
Jenkins, D. W. (1985). Neotropical Nymphalidae. III. Revision of Catonephele. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum of Entomology, 92, 1-65.
Jenkins, D. W. (1985). Neotropical Nymphalidae. IV. Revision of Ectima. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum (Gainesville), 95, 1-30.
Jenkins, D. W. (1986). Neotropical Nymphalidae. V. Revision of Epiphile. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum (Gainesville), 101, 1-70.
Jenkins, D. W. (1987). Neotropical Nymphalidae. VI. Revision of Asterope (=Callithea Auct.). Bulletin of the Allyn Museum of Entomology, 114, 1-66.
Jenkins, D. W. (1989). Neotropical Nymphalidae. VII. Revision of Nessaea. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum (Gainesville), 125, 1-38.
Jenkins, D. W. (1990). Neotropical Nymphalidae. VIII. Revision of Eunica. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum, 131, 1-177.

External links

The higher classification of Nymphalidae, at Nymphalidae.net
Biblidinae Boisduval, 1833 at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms: Preliminary species list. Version of 18 March 2007. Retrieved 30 May 2007.
Pteron Misspelled as Biblinae. Images. In Japanese but with binomial names.