Benson-Lehner Corporation

Benson-Lehner Corporation
Company typePublic
IndustryData Processing
Founded1950; 75 years ago (1950) in Santa Monica, California
FoundersBernard Benson and George Lehner
FateAcquired by United Gas Corporation in 1965

Benson-Lehner Corporation was an early digital technology company that initially made plotters and other input-output devices that were purchased by branches of the U.S. government during the Cold War. It later marketed high-speed precision cameras used for similar military applications, including nuclear bomb and missile testing. Benson-Lehner’s executives were almost entirely WW2 veterans. Its founders were Bernard Benson, a former British Spitfire pilot, and George Lehner, a UCLA psychology professor and inventor. Benson-Lehner was initially based in Santa Monica and had manufacturing plants in England and France. It was later headquartered in West Los Angeles and Van Nuys.

Business model

Benson-Lehner's primary business was producing and selling electronic plotting machines that would take tables of X and Y-coordinate data and plot them out on paper, providing a graphical representation of the data.[1][2][3][4]

Other Products

  • Computyper — Benson-Lehner developed an electromechanical calculator suitable for accounting and data processing functions as a "side job", done more as an engineering exercise than anything else. This machine integrated a modified Friden, Inc. electromechanical calculator with a solenoid-activated electric typewriter, the IBM Model B, together with relay and stepper switch logic, to make an automatic calculating machine that used the typewriter to input and print the results of calculations on punch paper. Benson-Lehner called the machine the "Computyper". The company tried in vain to market the machine, but didn't meet with much success, and sold the business unit to Friden. Friden kept the Computyper name (calling it the Friden Computyper), and began making refinements to the Benson-Lehner design, creating different versions of the Computyper that had successively more features.[5][2]
  • High-Speed Film Camera — Benson-Lehner also developed a photo instrumentation business, which included high speed 16mm, 35mm, and 70mm motion picture cameras for aerospace applications.[2][6]

Key Figures

  • Bernard Benson—Benson, who co-founded the company with Lehner, had worked at Douglas Aircraft in Santa Monica previously. During WW2 Benson flew Spitfire fighter planes for the RAF.[7] Variously termed "eccentric" and "brilliant", Benson fathered 10 children, built a hardened bomb shelter on his beachfront property in Malibu, and wrote and illustrated various books extolling world peace.[2]
  • George F.G. Lehner—Lehner, who co-founded the company with Benson, was a UCLA psychology professor.[8] In 1941 he enlisted in the U.S. Army, where he reached the rank of Major, working in the aviation psychology program on the selection of pilots, bombardiers and navigators. He later obtained a patent for a reading accelerator designed to improve reading speed and comprehension. Apart from his inventions, his professional expertise was in the areas of interpersonal competence, executive development, and team and organization effectiveness.
  • George M. Ryan—Ryan was employed by Benson-Lehner twice, first as a developer of the "Computyper" product and later as its president. He had served as a U.S. Army officer in WW2 prior to earning an accounting degree. Subsequent to his tenure with Benson-Lehner, Ryan headed a number of technology companies, including CADO Systems.[2]
  • Ed Jessup—Jessup served as Benson-Lehner's general counsel in conjunction with his practice at Ervin, Cohen & Jessup LLP in Beverly Hills.[2][9] Jessup had served as a U.S. Navy officer during WW2 in both the Atlantic and Pacific theaters. He went on to a distinguished 70 year legal career.[10]
  • Donald Prell—Prell joined Benson-Lehner as its vice president of Application Engineering, but he functioned in more of a general executive capacity, overseeing staff and executive hiring and participating directly in the marketing of the company's products to the military. Prell had served as a junior officer in the U.S. Army in Europe during WW2 where he'd been wounded and captured by the Germans. Upon his return to studies at UCLA after the war, he changed his academic focus from mathematics to psychology, eventually leading him to do graduate work at the University of London under Hans Eysenck, where he devised both written and oral intelligence tests. These tests became an integral part of Benson-Lehner's recruiting process.[2]
  • Leonard M. Sperry—Sperry was an investor in and director of Benson-Lehner.[11] Sperry also invested in Max Palevsky's other computer ventures while Palevsky was consulting with Benson-Lehner.[2] Sperry was a significant civic leader in Los Angeles.[12] Upon his death, his widow created the Leonard M. Sperry Center for Intergroup Cooperation in Rome, in conjunction with the Vatican.[13]
  • Max Palevsky—Palevsky was a key consultant for Benson-Lehner in its early years of operation. Later, Ryan granted Palevsky use of the company's offices while he worked on separate projects.[2] During World War II Palevsky served with the Army Air Corps doing electronics repair work on airplanes in New Guinea. He later attended the University of Chicago on the G.I. Bill, earning bachelor’s degrees in mathematics and philosophy in 1948. He went on to do graduate work in mathematics and philosophy at the University of Chicago, the University of California, Berkeley, and UCLA. After his involvement with Benson-Lehner, Palevsky became wealthy as the founder of Scientific Data Systems. His fortune enabled investments in films and donating to liberal political causes.[14][15][16][17]
  • Guy H. Hearon, Jr. -- Hearon joined Benson-Lehner to found their high-speed film unit.[18][2] Hearon served with the U.S. Army during WW2 in the Pacific Theater[6] Prior to joining Benson-Lehner, Hearon worked for Mitchell Camera Corp designing motion picture cameras and at Hughes Aircraft designing radar antennas for the F-86 military aircraft. He then worked for Vought Camera Corp in Beverly Hills as Chief Engineer. He designed the first 16mm pulse and high-speed instrumentation cameras for the aerospace industry. Hearon was a Vice President of Benson-Lehner Corp, where he developed their photo instrumentation business, which included high speed 16mm, 35mm, and 70mm motion picture cameras for aerospace applications.

Legacy

The company was acquired by United Gas Corporation in 1964[19] to further that entity’s strategic interest in operating data processing centers for military and civil government agencies.[2] Benson retired to France, where he purchased a chateau in the Dordogne and became involved with world peace initiatives. He eventually donated his chateau to an order of Tibetan monks.[20]

References

  1. ^ "Friden EC-130 Electronic Calculator". www.oldcalculatormuseum.com.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Oral history interview with George M. Ryan" (PDF) (Interview). Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota.
  3. ^ Ampex Corp. (November 1964). "Shortest distance between two points...SAVES COMPUTER TIME" (PDF). www.bitsavers.org. Datamation Magazine. p. 37.
  4. ^ Computer History Museum. Benson-Lehner Corporation. July 1967.
  5. ^ Bensene, Rick (8 September 2020). "Friden EC-130 Electronic Calculator". The Old Calculator Web Museum.
  6. ^ a b "Guy H. Hearon Dies at 99". Bonner County Daily Bee. 8 February 2023. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
  7. ^ BENSON, BERNARD S. (1 October 1981). "The Peace Book" (PDF). www.peacechildthemusical.com. ISBN 978-0224019897.
  8. ^ "UCLA Today - In Memorium". www.newmediawire.com. 20 March 2007.
  9. ^ "In Memoriam of W. Edgar Jessup, Jr., Founding Partner". Ervin Cohen & Jessup LLP. 7 February 2024.
  10. ^ Sanderson, Matthew (21 November 2013). "Beverly Hills Law Firm Celebrates 60 Years". www.patch.com.
  11. ^ "Securities and Exchange Commission News Digest" (PDF). Securities and Exchange Commission. 5 May 1959.
  12. ^ Church, Thomas D (1952). "Sperry (Leonard M.) Residence, Los Angeles, CA, 1952-1953". Calisphere University of California. UC Berkeley, Environmental Design Archives. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
  13. ^ "Mrs. Leonard M. Sperry; Founded Center in Rome". The New York Times. 31 July 1972. Retrieved 2023-05-25.
  14. ^ Leovy, Jennifer (2000-07-13). "Pledge of $20 million from Max Palevsky to enhance residential life". The University of Chicago Chronicle. Retrieved 2006-05-23.
  15. ^ Grimes, William (7 May 2010). "Max Palevsky, a Pioneer in Computers, Dies at 85". The New York Times. Retrieved 2023-05-25.
  16. ^ Woo, Elaine (6 May 2010). "Max Palevsky dies at 85; computer magnate and philanthropist". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2023-05-25.
  17. ^ Dore, Shalini (6 May 2010). "Tech pioneer Max Palevsky dies". Variety. Retrieved 2023-05-25.
  18. ^ "Congress Session Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen". Journal of the SMPTE. 71 (1A). Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers: ix. 1962. doi:10.5594/J18202. ISSN 0361-4573.
  19. ^ Franck Delage (5 September 1964). "UGC Instruments And Benson-Lehner Unit". NY Times. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
  20. ^ "Tibetan Buddhism in the Dordogne, a brief history". www.dechenjournal.com. Dechen Journal. 24 August 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2024.