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Bela L. Pratt
Bela L. Pratt
	Portrait of Bela Pratt (1918) by Howard E. Smith
Born	December 11, 1867; Norwich, Connecticut, United States
Died	May 17, 1917 (aged 49); Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Occupation	Sculptor

Bela Lyon Pratt (December 11, 1867 – May 18, 1917) was an American sculptor from Connecticut.

Life

Pratt was born in Norwich, Connecticut, to Sarah (Whittlesey) and George Pratt, a Yale-educated lawyer. His maternal grandfather, Oramel Whittlesey, was a pianoforte maker and founder in 1835 of Music Vale Seminary in Salem, Connecticut, the first music school in the country authorized to confer degrees to teach music.^[1]^[2] At 16, Pratt began studying at the Yale University School of Fine Arts, where his teachers included John Henry Niemeyer (1839–1932) and John Ferguson Weir (1841–1926).

After graduating from Yale, he enrolled at the Art Students League of New York where he took classes from William Merritt Chase (1849–1916), Kenyon Cox (1859–1919), Francis Edwin Elwell (1858–1922), and most important, Augustus Saint-Gaudens (1848–1907), who became his mentor. After a short stint in Saint-Gaudens' private studio, Pratt traveled to Paris, where he trained with sculptors Henri-Michel-Antoine Chapu (1833–1891) and Alexandre Falguière (1831–1900) at the École des Beaux-Arts.

In 1892, he returned to the United States to create two large sculptural groups representing The Genius of Navigation for the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. He also produced sculptures for the Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo in 1901. In 1893, he began a 25-year career as an influential teacher of modeling in the School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. One of Pratt's most famous students at the School was John A. Wilson. During this time, Pratt sculpted a series of busts of Boston's intellectual community, including Episcopal minister Phillips Brooks (1899, Brooks House, Harvard University), Colonel Henry Lee (1902, Memorial Hall, Harvard University), and Boston Symphony Orchestra founder Henry Lee Higginson (1909, Symphony Hall, Boston). He became an associate of the National Academy in 1900. (1)

When Saint-Gaudens' uncompleted group for the entrance to the Boston Public Library was rejected, Pratt was awarded a commission for personifications of Art and Science. Pratt continued Saint-Gaudens' influence in coin design after 1907. His gold Indian Head half ($5) and quarter ($2.50) eagle gold U.S. coins are known as the "Pratt coins" and feature an unusual intaglio Indian head, the U.S. mint's only recessed design in circulation. A memorial exhibition of 125 of his sculptures was held at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston in the spring of 1918.^[3]

From1898-1917 Pratt ran the sculpture department at the Massachusetts Normal School, which eventually became the School of the Museum of Fine Arts) along with Cyrus Dallin.^[4] Pratt's students included Frederick Warren Allen, Daisy Blanche King.,^[5] Bashka Paeff, and Richard Henry Recchia, as well as his son Dudley Pratt.

Selected works

1892 The Genius of Navigation – World's Columbian Exposition
1892 The Genius of Discovery – World's Columbian Exposition
1893 Clara and Lizzie, Daughters of Frederick and Elizabeth Shattuck (plaque) – National Gallery of Art
1895 Literature, Science, Art (Spandrel figures) Thomas Jefferson Building, Library of Congress, Washington, DC
1896 The Four Seasons (plaques) – 2nd floor pavilions, Thomas Jefferson Building, Library of Congress
1896 Figure of Victory - #1 turret U.S.S. Massachusetts, (Sculpture now housed at the US Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland).
1897 Dr. Henry Augustus Coit – St. Paul's School, Concord, New Hampshire
1902 General Benjamin Franklin Butler Monument - Hildreth Cemetery, Lowell, Massachusetts
1902 Colonel Henry Lee - Memorial Hall, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts^[6]
1906 Young Soldier – St. Paul's School, Concord, New Hampshire
1907 Andersonville Boy – State Capitol Grounds, Hartford, Connecticut^[7]
1908 Abraham Lincoln Monument – Lowell, Massachusetts
1910 Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument, Bell Rock Memorial Park, Malden, Massachusetts
1910 Nathaniel Hawthorne – Salem, Massachusetts
1910 Art w/palette right, Science w/sphere left, Boston Public Library, Boston, Massachusetts
1911 Army Nurses Memorial, Massachusetts State House, Boston
1913 Whaleman's Monument – New Bedford, Massachusetts
1913 Edward Everett Hale – Boston Public Garden, Boston, Massachusetts
1913 Schoolboy of 1850 – Ashburnham, Massachusetts^[8]
1914 Grieving Mother - Washington Memorial Chapel, Valley Forge National Historical Park, Pennsylvania
1914 Nathan Hale – Yale University
- Cast at the Central Intelligence Agency, Quantico, Virginia
- Cast at the Department of Justice Building, Washington, D.C.
- Cast at the Chicago Tribune, Chicago, Illinois
- Cast at Fort Nathan Hale, New Haven, Connecticut
1916 Reverend Phillips Brooks, Old Common, North Andover, Massachusetts

Gallery

Genius of Navigation (1893), World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, Illinois
Genius of Discovery (1893), World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, Illinois
Figure of Victory (1896), #1 turret U.S.S. Massachusetts
General Butler Monument (1902), Lowell, Massachusetts
Young Soldier (1906), St. Paul's School, Concord, New Hampshire
Andersonville Boy (1907), State Capitol grounds, Hartford, Connecticut
Relief Portrait of Abraham Lincoln (1908), Lowell, Massachusetts
Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (1910), Malden, Massachusetts
Nathaniel Hawthorne (1910), Salem, Massachusetts
Edward Everett Hale (1913), Boston Public Garden
Grieving Mother (1914), Washington Memorial Chapel, Valley Forge, Pennsylvania
Captain Nathan Hale (1914), Chicago Tribune Building, Chicago, Illinois
Boston_Public_Library,_Science_Bela_L_Pratt_Statue_at_Entrance_(NBY_21577)
Art_Bela_L_Pratt_Statue_at_Entrance_Boston_Public_Library_(NBY_21244)]]
Oyster server adaptation of Bela Pratt's Art Sculpture featuring Tabasco Sauce, lemon and oysters on the half shell.

References

Downes, William Howe. "The Work of Bela L. Pratt, Sculptor." New England Magazine 27 (February 1903): 760–771.
Coburn, Frederick W. "Americanism in Sculpture. As Represented in the Works of Bela Lyon Pratt." Palette and Bench 2, nos. 5 and 6 (February–March 1910): 95–97, 127–131.
Dorr, Charles Henry. "Bela L. Pratt: An Eminent New England Sculptor." Architectural Record 35, no. 6 (June 1914): 508–518.
Obituary, The New York Times (19 May 1917).
Taft, Lorado. The History of American Sculpture, New York, 1924: 491–496.