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Bazille's Studio
Bazille's Studio
Artist	Frédéric Bazille
Year	1870
Medium	oil on canvas
Dimensions	48 cm × 65 cm (19 in × 26 in)
Location	Musée d'Orsay, Paris

Bazille's Studio (L'atelier de Bazille) is an oil-on-canvas painting created in 1870 by the French Impressionist Frédéric Bazille (with contributions by Édouard Manet). The painting is also known as L'Atelier de la rue Condamine,^[1] The Studio, and The Studio on the Rue La Condamine.^[2] It has been in the collection of the Musée d'Orsay in Paris since 1986. It shows the artist himself surrounded by his friends and paintings in his studio, capturing the artistic and social conditions of Paris in 1870.^[3]

Description

Bazille shared the studio on the rue de la Condamine, in the Batignolles neighborhood of northern Paris, with Pierre-Auguste Renoir from January 1868 to May 1870. Bazille is at the center of the composition, holding a palette, next to a framed painting on the easel. Bazille indicated in a letter that Manet in fact painted his figure in this work. Manet, with his reddish beard and hat, is standing in front of Bazille. On the right, Edmond Maître, a friend of Bazille, is seated in front of the piano under Monet's still life. Art historians differ in their identification of three remaining figures. Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Alfred Sisley, Émile Zola and Zacharie Astruc have all been named as possibilities. Dianne Pitman suggests that Renoir and Monet are the ones near the stairs and Astruc is standing beside Manet.^[4]^: 165 Others have proposed that Monet is next to Manet, Renoir is seated, and Zola is on the stairs.^[2]

The painting placed on the easel has been identified as Bazille's View of the Village. The surrounding paintings include an unfinished version of La Toilette (Montpelier, Musée Favre) above the sofa, Fisherman with a Net (Zürich, Fondation Rau) on the high left, and the Fortune-Teller beneath the window. The Terrace at Méric (Ohio, Cincinnati Art Museum) on the top of the right wall and small Western Ramparts of Aigues-Mortes (Washington D.C, National Gallery of Art Museum) next to the window have also been identified.^[5] On the top right of the window, there is Landscape with Two Figures (Paysage avec deux figures) by Renoir of which only the lower left half survives (Woman with Bird).^[6] Monet's small still-life painting, Les Fruits is hanging above Maître.^[5]^[4]^: 165 The paintings on the wall had all been rejected at some point by the Salon; Bazille expresses his support for them by placing them on view here.^[7] By showing work in progress, Bazille also reveals the evolution of his work.^[4]^: 157

X-radiograph

The Centre for Research and Restoration of the Museums of France (C2RMF), the National Gallery of Art in Washington and other American museums examined Bazille's paintings through X-radiographs.^[8] They revealed hidden compositions beneath Bazille's paintings. In Bazille's Studio, a painting similar to Pierre Auguste Renoir's Diana the Huntress was revealed underneath the surface. Since Bazille shared his studio with Renoir, scholars speculate that Bazille used Renoir's work as a model to practice from and study.^[4]^{: 158–159}

Interpretation

Before late 20th, Bazille was regarded as an artist of secondary importance relative to the Impressionist painters he supported and befriended, such as Monet or Renoir. However, an exhibition of his work at the Musée d'Orsay in 1987 granted Bazille a "modest but secure position among painters."^[3]

Bazille and his fellow artists

Fantin-Latour's A Studio at Les Batignolles likely inspired Bazille's Studio. Both paintings show artists of the Batignolles group gathered in the studio.^[4]^: 165

Bazille's Studio is a self-portrait of Bazille himself, but also a group portrait of his fellow artists. They are all spread out in the studio, showing their usual attitude or favorite occupations.^[9]

Bazille and his studio

Setting up the studio and being in the studio were fundamental in forming Bazille's identity as an artist. Bazille wrote a letter to his parents in 1862 addressing his passion about producing art in his own studio. Bazille moved his studio several times as his artistic circle changed and grew.^[2]^: 33

There are several paintings by Bazille that take place in his own studio, including Studio on Rue Furstenberg (1865) and Studio of The Rue Visconti (1867). Unlike his earlier paintings, Bazille's Studio shows the studio filled with artists and Bazille's paintings. The paintings within the studio were mostly done by Bazille himself. Many of the figures look at the works of Bazille, showing appreciation.^[10]

References

^ François, Daulte; Frédéric, Bazille (1992). Frédéric Bazille : et les débuts de l'impressionnisme : catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre peint (in French). Paris: La Bibliothèque des arts. p. 127.
^ ^a ^b ^c Jourdan, Aleth. (1992). Frédéric Bazille : Prophet of Impressionism. Brooklyn, N.Y.: Brooklyn Museum. p. 47.
^ ^a ^b Pitman, Dianne W. (1998). Bazille : Purity, Pose, and Painting in the 1860s. Penn.: Pennsylvania State University. p. 5.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Bazille, Frédéric; Hilaire, Michel; Perrin, Paul (2016). Frédéric Bazille (1841-1870) and the Birth of Impressionism. Musée Fabre; Musée d'Orsay; National Gallery of Art.
^ ^a ^b "L'Atelier de Bazille". Musée d’Orsay.
^ "Bazille's Studio - Frédéric Bazille". Google Arts & Culture. Retrieved December 8, 2021.
^ "Musée d'Orsay: Frédéric Bazille Bazille's Studio". www.musee-orsay.fr. Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved September 26, 2019.
^ "Hidden Paintings in the Work of Frédéric Bazille". National Gallery of Art.
^ Daulte, François; Bazille, Frédéric (1992). Frédéric Bazille : et les débuts de l'impressionnisme : catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre peint. La Bibliothèque des arts. pp. 127–130.
^ Champa, Kermit Swiler; Pitman, Dianne W.; Brenneman, David A (1999). Monet & Bazille : a Collaboration. High Museum of Art. pp. 72–74.