Pamela Rose Martinez was born on June 15, 1989, in San Jose, California and grew up in a Mexican-American family.[2] She attended Independence High School in San Jose and once played as a captain of the school's basketball team, as well as participating in track and martial arts.[9]
Professional wrestling career
Independent circuit (2008–2012)
Martinez had been attending shows by Big Time Wrestling, a professional wrestling promotion in Northern California, since she was 11.[5][6] In April 2008, she started her professional wrestling career at the age of 18, by attending Big Time Wrestling's training classes by her head trainer Jason Styles,[5][6] which was one of the reasons why Martinez considered Big Time Wrestling as her home promotion.[5][6] She had her first match in September 2008.[6][10] On the American independent circuit, Martinez wrestled under the ring name Davina Rose.[10] Rose wrestled for Big Time Wrestling from 2008 to 2012.[11][12] Between 2011 and 2012, Rose branched out to wrestle for other promotions such as NWA Championship Wrestling from Hollywood, Pro Wrestling Destination and Shine Wrestling.[13][14][15]
In October 2010, Rose first met her mentor Serena when they teamed together for a tag team match.[5] In October 2011, Rose made her debut for Shimmer Women Athletes. At the tapings of Shimmer Volume 41–44, she became embroiled in Serena's feud with the Canadian Ninjas (Portia Perez and Nicole Matthews).[5][6] At the tapings, Rose lost all four matches, including her debut match against Mercedes Martinez.[16] In 2012, Rose continued to wrestle for Shimmer and on Volume 58, she teamed with Mia Yim to defeat Melanie Cruise and Mena Libra, receiving her first victory; on Volumes 51 and 52, Rose picked up her first two singles victories in Shimmer with wins over Cherry Bomb and Rhia O'Reilly.[10]
WWE
Early NXT appearances (2012–2015)
In December 2012, Martinez signed with WWE.[17] In January 2013, Martinez made her debut for WWE's developmental territoryNXT at a live event, wrestling under a mask as Luchadora for one match, teaming with Paige and Charlotte to defeat Summer Rae, Audrey Marie and Emma in a six-woman tag team match.[18] She adopted the ring name Bayley and made her NXT television debut in a loss to Paige on the March 20 episode.[19] On June 12, Bayley adopted a new character of a doe-eyed fangirl, losing to Alicia Fox in the first round of the NXT Women's Championshiptournament to crown the inaugural champion.[20][21] On August 21, Bayley unsuccessfully challenged AJ Lee for the Divas Championship.[22] On September 4, for her first win, Bayley and Charlotte defeated Alicia Fox and Aksana.[22] To Charlotte's annoyance, The BFFs—Beautiful, Fierce Females (Sasha Banks and Summer Rae), attempted to convince Bayley to join them,[23] but this led to Charlotte attacking Bayley during their match against the BFFs on November 13, promptly joining the BFFs instead.[24]
On May 1, 2014, Bayley failed to advance in a tournament for the vacant NXT Women's Championship after losing to Banks in the first round.[25] After pinning Charlotte in a tag team match,[26] Bayley defeated Sasha Banks to become the number one contender to Charlotte's NXT Women's Championship,[27] but she was unsuccessful in capturing the title at NXT TakeOver: Fatal 4-Way on September 11,[28] and in a rematch that took place on October 2.[29] In mid-October, after losing to Banks, Bayley was attacked by her former friend Becky Lynch, who allied with Banks, and she later formed an alliance with former rival Charlotte to feud with Banks and Lynch throughout the following several weeks.[30] On the November 27 episode, Bayley was attacked by Banks and Lynch, injuring her knee in the storyline.[31] She returned on the January 21, 2015 episode, saving Charlotte from an attack by Banks and Lynch, before reluctantly attacking Charlotte herself.[32] At NXT TakeOver: Rival on February 11, Bayley competed in a fatal four-way match for the NXT Women's Championship but failed to capture the title.[33]
NXT Women's Champion (2015–2016)
In March, Bayley began a feud with Emma after Emma criticized Bayley for her niceness, claiming it had prevented her from winning the NXT Women's Championship.[34][35] This led to a match between the two on the April 1 episode, which Bayley won.[36] On the April 29 episode, Bayley was defeated by Dana Brooke after a distraction by Emma.[37] She gained revenge on Emma the following week, attacking her after her loss to Charlotte.[38] At NXT TakeOver: Unstoppable on May 20, Bayley and Charlotte defeated Emma and Brooke.[39] On the May 27 episode, Bayley lost to Emma; she and Charlotte were attacked by her and Brooke after the match.[40] After a short hiatus, Bayley returned from a broken hand injury on the July 22 episode, defeating Emma and setting her sights on the NXT Women's Championship, thus ending their feud.[41]
In August, after defeating Charlotte,[42] Bayley defeated Becky Lynch to become the #1 contender for the NXT Women's Championship.[43] At NXT TakeOver: Brooklyn on August 22, Bayley defeated Sasha Banks to win the NXT Women's Championship, celebrating with her, Lynch and Charlotte after the match.[44] In a rematch between the two, contested in the main event of NXT TakeOver: Respect on October 7, in the first ever women's 30-minute Iron Man match in WWE history,[45] Bayley defeated Banks with three falls to two after securing the third fall with three seconds left in the match to retain the title.[46][47] Throughout her championship, Bayley went on to fend off title contenders such as Alexa Bliss,[48][49][50]Eva Marie,[51][52]Nia Jax[53][54][55][56] and Carmella.[57][58][59]
On the March 16, 2016 episode of NXT, after Bayley and Asuka won a tag team match, NXT general managerWilliam Regal announced that Bayley would defend her championship against Asuka at NXT TakeOver: Dallas on April 1,[60] where Bayley lost the championship to Asuka, ending her reign at 223 days.[61] After a brief hiatus from in-ring competition, Bayley returned on the May 18 episode after being challenged by Nia Jax to a match which she lost.[62] After being replaced by Jax at NXT TakeOver: The End on June 8 due to a storyline injury which made her unable to compete in a rematch for the NXT Women's Championship against Asuka,[63] Bayley made her return on June 22, defeating Deonna Purrazzo.[64] On the July 27 episode, Bayley asked Regal for a rematch against Asuka for the NXT Women's Championship at NXT TakeOver: Brooklyn II, which he granted.[65] At the event on August 20, Bayley failed to regain the title in what was her final match in NXT.[66]
Raw Women's Champion (2016–2017)
At Battleground on July 24, Bayley made her main roster debut in a one-off appearance as Sasha Banks' mystery tag team partner, defeating Charlotte and Dana Brooke.[67] Her official main roster debut came on the August 22 episode of Raw, being established as part of the brand by Raw general manager Mick Foley and challenging the Raw Women's Champion Charlotte to a title match; she refused and instead forced her protégé Brooke to face her, whom Bayley defeated.[68] At Clash of Champions on September 25, Bayley failed to win the championship from Charlotte in a triple threat match, which also included Banks.[69] At Hell in a Cell on October 30, Bayley defeated Brooke.[70] At Survivor Series on November 20, Bayley survived alongside Charlotte Flair as members of Team Raw, but was attacked by Flair after the match.[71]
On January 2, 2017, Bayley defeated Jax to become the #1 contender for Flair's Raw Women's Championship.[72] At the Royal Rumble on January 29,[73] Bayley failed to win the title from Flair.[74] She earned a rematch after she, Cesaro and Sheamus defeated Flair, Gallows and Anderson the next night on Raw, with Bayley pinning Flair.[75] Two weeks later on the February 13 episode, Bayley defeated Flair in the main event to win the Raw Women's Championship after an assist from Banks.[76] At Fastlane on March 5, Bayley retained the title against Charlotte due to a distraction from Banks, in turn giving Charlotte her first pay-per-view loss.[77] At WrestleMania 33 on April 2, she retained the title against Charlotte, Banks and Jax in a fatal four-way elimination match.[78] At Payback on April 30, Bayley lost the title to Alexa Bliss, ending her reign at 76 days.[79] On June 4 at Extreme Rules, she failed to regain the title in a kendo stick on a pole match.[80] In July, Bayley again became the #1 contender for the championship after defeating Banks[81] and was slated to face Bliss at SummerSlam on August 20,[82] but she suffered a separated shoulder injury which left her unable to perform.[83] Bayley returned from her injury on the September 18 episode of Raw to help Banks fend off Bliss and Jax.[84] At No Mercy six days later, she lost a fatal five-way match for the Raw Women's Championship.[85]
On the March 26 episode of Raw, after weeks of animosity, including Bayley betraying Banks during their matches,[98][99] Bayley and Banks brawled backstage and had to be separated.[100] The two faced off in mid-April but their match ended in a no-contest after The Riott Squad (Ruby Riott, Liv Morgan and Sarah Logan) interfered and attacked them both.[101][102][103][104] Throughout mid-2018, Bayley and Banks continued to attack each other,[105][106] and were told to attend counselor meetings to help maintain their friendship.[107][108][109] In July, the two reconciled and created a tag team known as The Boss 'n' Hug Connection.[110][111][112] On October 28, Bayley took part in the first ever all women's pay–per–view Evolution, teaming with Banks and Natalya in a winning effort against The Riott Squad.[113][114] At Survivor Series on November 18, Bayley competed as part of Team Raw, where she was eliminated via countout after a brawl with Sonya Deville outside the ring.[115][116] On January 27, 2019, at the Royal Rumble, Bayley entered the Royal Rumble match at #27, but was eliminated by Charlotte Flair and Nia Jax.[117]
On the September 2 episode of Raw, Bayley helped Sasha Banks attack Becky Lynch with a steel chair, turning heel for the first time in her career.[129] The following night on SmackDown Live, Bayley justified her attacking on Lynch, explaining that she was only helping Banks because of their friendship.[130] On September 15 at Clash of Champions, Bayley retained the title after using an exposed turnbuckle,[131] but lost the title to Flair at Hell in a Cell on October 6, ending her reign at 140 days.[132] On the October 11 episode of SmackDown, Bayley debuted a new look, having cut off her ponytail and attacking the inflatable tube men (called "Bayley Buddies") during her entrance, then regaining the championship from Flair again before insulting the fans after the match, cementing her heel turn.[133] On the November 1 episode of SmackDown, Bayley retained her title against Nikki Cross after interference from Banks, and after the match, all three women were attacked by Shayna Baszler.[134]
At Survivor Series on November 24, Bayley faced Raw Women's Champion Becky Lynch and NXT Women's Champion Shayna Baszler in a non-title triple threat match, which Baszler won.[135] On the November 29 episode of SmackDown, she started a feud with Lacey Evans after Bayley and Banks insulted the women of the SmackDown roster for their loss at Survivor Series; Evans attacked Banks.[136] At Royal Rumble on January 26, 2020, she retained the title against Evans.[137][138] On the following SmackDown, Bayley claimed that she had beaten every woman on the roster, and Naomi interrupted, taking exception to the claim as Bayley had never beaten her, beginning a feud between the two.[139] On the February 14 episode of SmackDown, Bayley retained her title against Carmella.[140] At Super ShowDown on February 27, in what was the first women's championship match contested in Saudi Arabia,[141] Bayley defeated Naomi to retain the title.[142] On March 8, Bayley surpassed Charlotte Flair's reign of 147 days, thus becoming the longest-reigning SmackDown Women's Champion.[143] On the March 20 episode of SmackDown, Bayley and Banks came to the ring saying that they were going to skip WrestleMania 36 this year, but they were interrupted by Paige, who announced that Bayley would defend her title against Naomi, Lacey Evans, Dana Brooke (who was later removed from the match), Tamina, and Sasha Banks in a six-pack elimination match at WrestleMania 36.[144] At the second night of the event on April 5, Bayley retained the title after lastly pinning Evans.[145][146] At Money in the Bank on May 10, Bayley retained the title against Tamina after a distraction from Banks.[147][148]
On the June 5 episode of SmackDown, Bayley and Banks defeated Alexa Bliss and Nikki Cross to win the Women's Tag Team Championship for the second time, making Bayley a double champion.[149] At Backlash on June 14, Bayley and Banks retained the titles in a triple threat tag team match against Bliss and Cross and The IIconics.[150] Bayley successfully defended her title twice against Nikki Cross, first at The Horror Show at Extreme Rules on July 19, and then on the July 31 episode of SmackDown.[151][152] She also retained her title against Asuka at SummerSlam on August 23.[153][154] At Payback on August 30, Bayley and Banks lost the Women's Tag Team Championship against the newly formed team of Nia Jax and Shayna Baszler.[155] On the September 4 episode of SmackDown, after failing to win the titles in a rematch, Bayley turned on Banks once again by attacking her, disbanding their team.[156] At Clash of Champions on September 27, after retaining her title against Asuka, she was attacked by Banks.[157] On the October 9 episode of SmackDown, Bayley retained against Banks via disqualification, and in a backstage segment later that night, Banks challenged Bayley to another title match at Hell in a Cell inside the eponymous structure,[158] which was confirmed the next day.[159] At the event on October 25, Bayley lost the SmackDown Women's Championship to Sasha Banks by submission, ending her reign at 380 days.[160] At Survivor Series on November 22, Bayley was the self-appointed captain of team SmackDown, but was eliminated by Peyton Royce.[161]
At SummerSlam on July 30, 2022, Bayley returned after a year out of action, forming an alliance with Iyo Sky and Dakota Kai while confronting Belair after her Raw Women's Championship defense against Becky Lynch, resuming their feud and moving Bayley back to the Raw brand.[169] On the August 8 episode of Raw, they challenged Belair, Alexa Bliss, and Asuka to a six-woman tag team match at Clash at the Castle, which they accepted.[170] At the event on September 3, Bayley, Kai and Sky, under the name Damage CTRL, defeated Belair, Bliss and Asuka.[171] On the September 26 episode of Raw, Bayley challenged Belair to a ladder match for the Raw Women's Championship at Extreme Rules, which she accepted.[172][173] At the event on October 8, Bayley failed to win the title.[174] At Crown Jewel on November 5, Bayley failed to win the title in a Last Woman Standing match.[175] Three weeks later At Survivor Series WarGames on November 26, Damage CTRL competed in a WarGames match, teaming with Nikki Cross and Rhea Ripley against Belair, Bliss, Asuka, Mia Yim and Becky Lynch but lost when Lynch pinned Kai after a diving legdrop from the top of the cage through a table.[176] At the Royal Rumble on January 28, 2023, Bayley entered the Women's Royal Rumble match at #6 eliminating 5 women including Lynch before being eliminated by Liv Morgan.[177]
At Royal Rumble on January 27, 2024, Bayley won the women's Royal Rumble match from the #3 spot by last eliminating Liv Morgan.[185] She also set a new record for the longest time spent in a single women's Royal Rumble match at 1:03:03, beating Rhea Ripley's record from the previous year. Bayley also became the second woman, after Asuka, to win the Royal Rumble, Money in the Bank, and Elimination Chamber matches and one of five people overall.[186] On the February 2 episode of SmackDown, Bayley confronted Sky, Sane and Asuka for talking about her behind her back before being attacked by Sane and Asuka, kicking her out of the group. Afterwards, Bayley announced she would challenge Sky for the WWE Women's Championship at WrestleMania XL turning face for the first time since 2019.[187] On Night 2 of WrestleMania XL on April 7, Bayley defeated Sky to win her second WWE Women's Championship.[188] On the April 19 episode of SmackDown, Bayley defended her title for the first time against Naomi, but the match ended in a no contest after Tiffany Stratton attacked both Naomi and Bayley. At Backlash France on May 4, Bayley defeated Naomi and Stratton in a triple threat match to retain her title.[189] At Clash at the Castle: Scotland on June 15, Bayley retained her title against Piper Niven in the latter's home country.[190] At SummerSlam on August 3, Bayley lost the title to Queen of the Ring winner Nia Jax after interference from Tiffany Stratton, ending her reign at 118 days.[191] At Bad Blood on October 5, Bayley failed to regain the title from Jax after another interference from Stratton.[192] At Survivor Series WarGames on November 30, Bayley, Naomi, Sky, Bianca Belair and Rhea Ripley defeated Jax, Stratton, Candice LeRae and The Judgment Day (Liv Morgan and Raquel Rodriguez in a WarGames match.[193]
Professional wrestling style and persona
When beginning her WWE career, Bayley was depicted as a "hugger", coming out with multiple inflatable skydancers during her entrances as well as hugging many fans (particularly younger children) in attendance.[194][195] For the first month as a villain, she was depicted as a hypocrite, acting as nothing had changed with her entrance music and in-ring gear remaining intact, despite developing villainous traits and underhanded tactics. On the October 11, 2019 episode of Smackdown, Bayley debuted a new look, having cut her ponytail off, destroying her inflatable tube men, and using profanity against the fans in her post-match promo. She now calls herself a role model for little girls around the world.
During her hugger persona, Bayley used a belly-to-belly suplex as her finisher, calling it the Bayley-to-Belly Suplex. Since her heel turn, however, she has started utilizing an old finisher previously used on the independent circuit, an arm trap headlock driver known as the Rose Plant.
^"NWA Championship Wrestling from Hollywood #31". WrestlingData. Retrieved March 20, 2014. Saturday, 2011/04/16 ... Austin Aries defeated Willie Mack ... Buggy and Davina Rose defeated Allison Danger and Candice LeRae
Mostafa Kamal Madboulyمصطفى كمال مدبولي Perdana Menteri MesirPetahanaMulai menjabat 14 Juni 2018Sementara: 7 Juni 2018 – 14 Juni 2018PresidenAbdel Fattah el-Sisi PendahuluSherif IsmailPenggantiPetahanaMenteri Perumahan dan Utilitas PerkotaanPetahanaMulai menjabat 1 Maret 2014Perdana MenteriIbrahim MahlabSherif Ismail PendahuluIbrahim MahlabPenggantiPetahana Informasi pribadiLahir28 April 1966 (umur 57)Alma materUniversitas KairoSunting kotak info • L ...
Natrium hidrida Penanda Nomor CAS 7646-69-7 Y Model 3D (JSmol) Gambar interaktif 3DMet {{{3DMet}}} ChemSpider 23144 Y Nomor EC PubChem CID 24758 Nomor RTECS {{{value}}} CompTox Dashboard (EPA) DTXSID90893680 InChI InChI=1S/Na.H NKey: MPMYQQHEHYDOCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N NInChI=1/Na.H/q+1;-1Key: BZKBCQXYZZXSCO-UHFFFAOYAYInChI=1S/Na.H/q+1;-1Key: BZKBCQXYZZXSCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILES [H-].[Na+] Sifat Rumus kimia NaH Massa molar 23.99771 g/mol Penampilan...
Pour les articles homonymes, voir Houston (homonymie). Whitney HoustonWhitney Houston en 2009.BiographieNaissance 9 août 1963NewarkDécès 11 février 2012 (à 48 ans)Beverly Hilton Hotel (Beverly Hills, comté de Los Angeles, Californie, États-Unis)Sépulture Cimetière de Fairview (en)Nom de naissance Whitney Elizabeth HoustonNationalité américaineFormation Mount Saint Dominic Academy (en)Activités Chanteuse, réalisatrice artistique, mannequin, compositrice, productrice, artiste...
Earthquake in northwest Mexico 1887 Sonora earthquakeUTC time1887-05-03USGS-ANSSComCatLocal date3 May 1887 (1887-05-03)Magnitude7.6 Mw [1]Epicenter31°04′N 109°07′W / 31.07°N 109.12°W / 31.07; -109.12FaultPitaycachi Fault[2]TypeDip-slipAreas affectedMexico United StatesMax. intensityIX (Violent)-XI (Extreme)[3]Casualties51 dead The 1887 Sonora earthquake occurred at 22:13 UTC on 3 May in the Teras mountain range of northwes...
Substance that reduces fever Tablets of ibuprofen, a common antipyretic An antipyretic (/ˌæntipaɪˈrɛtɪk/, from anti- 'against' and pyretic 'feverish') is a substance that reduces fever.[1] Antipyretics cause the hypothalamus to override a prostaglandin-induced increase in temperature. The body then works to lower the temperature, which results in a reduction in fever. Most antipyretic medications have other purposes. The most common antipyretics in the US are usually ibuprofen a...
Honor awarded to college basketball coaches Big Ten Coach of the YearAwarded forthe top men's basketball coach in the Big Ten ConferenceCountryUnited StatesHistoryFirst award1974Most recentFred Hoiberg,NebraskaMatt Painter, Purdue The Big Ten Conference Men's Basketball Coach of the Year, is an annual college basketball award presented to the top men's basketball coach in the Big Ten Conference. The winner is selected by the Big Ten media association and conference coaches. The award was firs...
اقتصاد بوركينا فاسوالمركز المالي لبوركينا فاسو في واغادوغوعامالدولة بوركينا فاسوعملة فرنك غرب أفريقيالمنظمات الاتحاد الأفريقي، منطقة التجارة الحرة للقارة الإفريقية، البنك الإفريقي للتنمية، المجموعة الاقتصادية لدول غرب إفريقيا، البنك الدولي، صندوق النقد الدولي، منظم...
يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (ديسمبر 2018) سجل الميداليات إسبانيا كرة اليد - رجال منافس من إسبانيا الألعاب الأولمبية برونزية أتلانتا 1996 منتخب بر...
One of two water parks in Walt Disney World Resort This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. (May 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) This article contains content that is written like an advertisement. Please help impr...
Fictional character from the British soap opera EastEnders Soap opera character Mel OwenEastEnders characterPortrayed byTamzin OuthwaiteDuration1998–2002, 2018–2019First appearanceEpisode 168319 October 1998 (1998-10-19)Last appearanceEpisode 602114 November 2019 (2019-11-14)ClassificationFormer; regularIntroduced byMatthew Robinson (1998)John Yorke (2018)Book appearancesSteve Owen: Still Waters (2001)Spin-offappearancesEastEnders: Th...
English accountant and civil servant Sir Hardman LeverBt KCBLever in 1917Financial Secretary to the TreasuryIn office15 December 1916 – 19 May 1919MonarchGeorge VPrime MinisterDavid Lloyd GeorgePreceded byThomas McKinnon WoodSucceeded byStanley Baldwin Personal detailsBorn18 April 1869Died1 July 1947 Sir Samuel Hardman Lever, 1st Baronet, KCB (18 April 1869 – 1 July 1947), generally known as Sir Hardman Lever, and as Sammie to his friends, was an English accountant and civil serv...
حسان اگزار چنانی معلومات شخصية مكان الميلاد قرية الخويس من أعمال ناحية شاوور بیت رشگ/ مدينة الشوش تاريخ الوفاة سنة 2010 سبب الوفاة نوبة قلبية الجنسية أهواز، إيراني الاسم المستعار حسان اگزار – اگزار – فنان الربابة الحياة العملية المهنة موسيقي، ملحن، مغني عازف/مادح ا�...
Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle (Kamus Besar universal dari abad ke-19), sering disebut Grand Larousse du dix-neuvième, adalah sebuah kamus ensiklopedis, sebuah karya Pierre Larousse. Diterbitkan dalam 17 volume dan 1500 halaman. Masing-masing dikerjakan antara 1866-1878.Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle berjejer di rak buku Deskripsi Volume 1-15, meliputi AZ, diterbitkan 1866-1876. Volume 16-17 (yaitu dua suplemen) diterbitkan pada tahun 1877 dan 1878. Larousse juga ...
Король Нової Зеландії англ. King of New ZealandГерб Нової Зеландії Посаду обіймає Чарльз III Форма зверненняВисокість[1]Сайтroyal.gov.uk Королівська родина Сполученого Королівства та СпівдружностіВіндзорська династія КорольКоролева Принц УельськийПринцеса Уельська Принц Джорд...
Text front end for APT aptitudeDeveloper(s)Daniel Burrows[1]Initial release1999; 25 years ago (1999)Stable release0.8.13-5[2] / 6 August 2022; 23 months ago (6 August 2022) Repositorysalsa.debian.org/apt-team/aptitude.git Written inC++ (ncurses)Operating systemLinux, iOS[3]PlatformDebian and derivativesTypePackage managerLicenseGPLv2Websitewiki.debian.org/Aptitude aptitude is a front end to APT, the Debian package manager.[4]...
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Wolfgang G. Schwanitz, 2008 Wolfgang G. Schwanitz (* 1955 in Magdeburg) ist ein deutscher Arabist, Wirtschaftswissenschaftler und Nahosthistoriker, der in Deutschland und in den Vereinigten Staaten forscht und lehrt. Bekannt wurde er durch Publikationen über internationale Beziehungen zwischen Arabern, Juden und Deutschen, Deutschland bzw. Europa, Amerika und Nahost sowie über den Islam. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Leben 2 Leistungen 3 Werke (Auswahl) 4 Literatur 5 Weblinks 6 Einzelnachweise Leben...