In March 2000, a major landslide in the Bayil slope destroyed dozens of shops, apartments and gas stations.[1] The slope in later years also experienced few minor landslides which led Baku City Administration to examine the area and make a final decision on razing houses in this territory.[2][3]
Neighborhoods are largely composed of block after block of picturesque rowhouses and a few mansions,[citation needed] hotels and some office buildings.
Coastal road to Bayil
History
Remains of Sabayil Castle
In 1235, Shirvanshah Fariburzom III on one of the Bayil Bay has been constructed building, later named Sabayil Castle. The area also called Shahri Saba, Shahri nau, underwater city, a caravanserai and Bayil stones.[4]
The first residential areas in the Bayil formed along the pilgrimage road passes on Bayil cape and leading to the Bibi-Heybat Mosque. Development of the Black City and the discovery of oilfields in the Bibiheybət stimulated the expansion of Bayil in the direction of Baku.[citation needed]
By the late 19th century, residential part of the occupied steep slopes and developed in the direction of the city, which went beyond the boundaries of their land and merged with the surrounding areas, with the center Bayil was kept in the Baku International Sea Trade Port area.[citation needed]
Despite the extensive construction in the direction of Baku and economic relationship with the capital, Bayil until 1912 remained legally independent maritime province.[5]
In 1900, Leonid Krasin arrived to the Bayil at the invitation of the Robert Classon.[7][8] He became deputy head of the construction of the Bayil Thermal power station and controlled it after completion of construction until 1904.
The development of the area replaced another landmark, Bayil prison – one of the Russian Empire's and USSR's strictest prisons and the same prison in which Joseph Stalin was kept in the early years of the 20th century by the Tsarist authorities because of his criminal activities in Baku, organizing oil worker strikes.[12] Another famous inmate was Andrey Vyshinsky,[13] who was imprisoned for revolutionary activities and where he first met Stalin.[14]
The former "Intourist" hotel, opened in 1934, has been Baku's favorite place for 70 years of operation. Even in the 1950s and 1960s, the most famous hotel in Baku was "Intourist". The new hotel, which was completed in 2015, attracts attention with its unique architectural structure, while keeping alive the memories of the old "Intourist".
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