Barbara Ann Teer (June 18, 1937 – July 21, 2008) was an American writer, producer, teacher, actress and social visionary. In 1968, she founded Harlem's National Black Theatre,[1] the first revenue-generating black theater arts complex in the U.S.[2]
Early life
Teer was born in East St. Louis, Illinois, to Fred L. and Lila B. Teer, well known as dedicated educators and community leaders. Early in her life, Barbara demonstrated extraordinary gifts and talents. At 15, she graduated from Lincoln High School in East St. Louis. At 19, she graduated magna cum laude with a bachelor's degree in dance education from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, and immediately travelled to study dance with Antoine Decroaux in Paris, France, and with Mary Wigman in Berlin, Germany. Her sister, Frederika Teer, was a Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) Field Secretary (organizer) in the north and mid-South from 1960. She and Genevieve Hughes were the first women to hold the title.
After a knee injury in 1962, Teer switched her primary artistic focus from dance to theatre. She studied with notable actors including Sanford Meisner, Paul Mann, Lloyd Richards, and Phillip Burton. Teer crafted a lucrative and successful acting career, receiving numerous accolades, including a Drama Desk Award and several Obie Awards. Between 1961 and 1966, she continued to perform on and off-Broadway, as well as in television and film.
Teer grew disillusioned with the negative stereotypes she came across in her quest for responsible acting roles, making an exception to appear in the 1969 motion picture Slaves.[2] In 1963, she co-founded The Group Theatre Workshop with Robert Hooks, which later became the Negro Ensemble Company. Arguing for independence from the white-dominated mainstream, she wrote in a 1968 article in The New York Times:
We must begin building cultural centers where we can enjoy being free, open and black, where we can find out how talented we really are, where we can be what we were born to be and not what we were brainwashed to be, where we can literally 'blow our minds' with blackness.[3]
National Black Theatre
In 1968, with the emerging cultural consciousness of the African experience, Teer decided to found a new theatrical institution committed to cultural transformation, social change, and historical innovation within African-American communities. Leaving a career, and following in the activist footsteps of her older sister Fredrica (who had been an organizer with Eldridge Cleaver and Stokley Carmichael), Teer founded the National Black Theatre (NBT).
Methodology
In addition to her role as a pioneer of Black theatre that reached beyond America, she developed a methodology taught exclusively at the National Black Theatre called "TEER: The Technology of Soul."
Schools and cadre trainings
In 1974, Teer founded the Children's School for the Development of Intuitive and God-Conscious Art (CSDIG).
Teer wrote, directed and produced ritualistic revivals (plays) and interactive artistic reviews.[citation needed]
Real estate
She purchased a city block of property in Central Harlem on a major business corridor at 125th Street and Fifth Avenue. The National Black Theatre was the sponsoring developer for a 64,000 square feet (5,900 m2) real estate project that became the first revenue-generating Black Theatre Arts Complex in the country.[4]
Barbara Lewis, "Ritual Reformulations: Barbara Ann Teer and the National Black Theatre of Harlem", in Annemarie Bean (ed.), A Sourcebook of African-American Plays, People, Movements, Routledge, 1999, pp. 68–82.
Charlie Russell, "Barbara Ann Teer: We Are Liberators, Not Actors", Essence, March 1971, pp. 48–52.