The monastery, along with the Church of St Stephen, was built between 1313 and 1317, founded by Serbian King Stefan Milutin, one of the most powerful rulers of his time and of the Nemanjić dynasty.[2] Milutin built the church as his mausoleum (burial place), and it is where he was first laid to rest in 1321.[3][4] However, following the Battle of Kosovo (1389), his body was moved to Trepča and then in 1460 to Sofia (Bulgaria), where it lies to this day.[5]
The monumental building with its church, library, monks' quarters and "imperial palace" began to fall into disrepair very early. At the beginning of the 15th century, a fire destroyed the library and in the second half of the same century, the monastery was probably abandoned. Benedikt Kuprešić, a traveller, mentioned that the monastery was razed to the ground in the 16th century on the orders of the Ottoman Sultan, as Christians who had fled Ottoman tyranny were gathering in it.
St Stephen's, almost totally destroyed, was turned into a mosque in the 19th century and served as such until World War I. The first conservation activity was carried out in 1939 and again in 1990 when the church was partly rebuilt. The monastery is one of the few for which the founding charter has been preserved; it was granted a large estate at its founding, of 75 villages and 8 pastures.[6] As the complex was built as the final resting place of a king, the bishopric was "upgraded" to a stavropegial monastery - roughly translated, an Imperial monastery, fourth by rank in the state (after Studenica, Mileševa and Sopoćani).
On 24 September 2023, the monastery was stormed by a group of 30 armed Serbs who engaged in a violent confrontation with Kosovo Police and barricaded themselves inside, after a Kosovan officer was ambushed and killed hours earlier.[10][11] After hours, the Kosovo Forces successfully entered the monastery and apprehended the Serb militants ultimately bringing an end to the tense situation.[12]
^"Манастир Бањска". Central Register of Immovable cultural property. Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of Serbia. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
^Tomašević, Nebojša (1983). Treasures of Yugoslavia: An Encyclopedic Touring Guide. Yugoslaviapublic. p. 449.
^Filipović, Gordana (1989). Kosovo--past and Present. Review of International Affairs. p. 32.
^Milić, Mileta; Pejić, Svetlana (1999). Cultural Heritage of Kosovo and Metohija. Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of the Republic of Serbia. p. 34. ISBN9788680879161.
