According to the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Badalgachhi Upazila had 54,001 households and a population of 201,342. 36,957 (18.36%) were under 10 years of age. Badalgachhi had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 49.55%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 1002 females per 1000 males. 6,357 (3.16%) lived in urban areas.[5] Ethnic population was 10,799 (5.36%), of which Oraon were 3,661.[6]
In 1991, the population of Badalgacchia was 176,010. Males constitute 51.34% of the population, and females account for 48.66%. Badalgachi has an average literacy rate of 28.4% for persons seven years and older, which is below the national average of 32.4%.
Badalgachhi, formed as a thana (police station) in 1807, was converted into an upazila in 1983.[7]
The upazila is divided into eight union parishads: Adhaipur, Badalgachhi, Balubhara, Bilasbari, Kola, Mathurapur, Mithapur, and Paharpur. The union parishads are subdivided into 247 mauzas and 238 villages.[5]
^"Bangladesh Postal Code". Dhaka: Bangladesh Postal Department under the Department of Posts and Telecommunications of the Ministry of Posts, Telecommunications and Information Technology of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. 21 October 2024.